Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)最新文献

{"title":"Epidemiological study of epilepsy from a tertiary care hospital in kingdom of Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Rizwana Shahid,&nbsp;Saima Nazish,&nbsp;Azra Zafar,&nbsp;Danah Aljafaari,&nbsp;Majed Alabdali,&nbsp;Noman Ishaque,&nbsp;Bayan A Alzahrani,&nbsp;Fahad A Alkhamis","doi":"10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify the types of seizures and describe the clinical features, EEG and radiological findings among patients with epilepsy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective epidemiological study, we analyzed the medical records of the patients with the diagnosis of epilepsy during the study period (January 1st 2016- December 2016) RESULTS: The study included 184 patients, 91 (49.5%) were males and 93 (50.5%) females. Age ranged between 12 and 85 years (mean 35.4+/-19.5 SD years). Most of the patients 150 (82%) had Generalized tonic clonic seizures followed by focal onset in 27 (14%) of the patients. Main EEG abnormality was focal to bilateral was recorded in 53 (41%), idiopathic/ cryptogenic epilepsy was diagnosed in 61% of the patients. The most common abnormalities on brain imaging were temporal/hippocampal atrophy/stroke. The most common cause of symptomatic epilepsy was stroke found in 20(11%) followed by post infectious epilepsy and head trauma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Seizure types, EEG characteristics and etiologies of symptomatic epilepsy in our cohort of patients are in accordance with the current literature. Slight discrepancy observed in gender distribution and etiologies for symptomatic epilepsy compared with other studies from Saudi Arabia need to be studied further by prospective and population base studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"223-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/83/0e/Neurosciences-23-223.PMC8015582.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36312857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epilepsy monitoring units in Saudi Arabia: Where do we stand compared to developed countries?","authors":"Bandar N Aljafen,&nbsp;Saud M Alfayez,&nbsp;Mohammed H Alanazy,&nbsp;Naael Alazwary,&nbsp;Sama M Alohali,&nbsp;Taim Muayqil","doi":"10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20170412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20170412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To descriptively assess Epilepsy Monitoring Units (EMUs) and the provided services in Saudi Arabia and compare them based on the geographic region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, an electronic questionnaire was emailed to all directors of EMUs in Saudi Arabia from July 2013 to January 2016, with constant updates being made by all respondents throughout the period of data collection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All EMU directors participated. There were 11 EMUs in KSA operating in 8 hospitals; 8 (54.5%) EMUs in Riyadh, 2 (18.2%) in Dammam, 2 (18.2%) in Makkah and 1 (9.1%) in Jeddah. Five (54.5%) EMUs were shared for adults and pediatrics, 3 (27.3%) were devoted to adult patients, and 3 (27.3%) to pediatric patients. The average waiting time was 11 weeks (range: 2-52 weeks). The mean percentage of patients coming from an outside region was 30.6%. The average length of stay was 7 days. Less than 100 patients were monitored annually in 54.5% of the EMUs. Seven EMUs (63.6%) admitted less than 100 patients for seizure characterization. Intracranial monitoring was available in all EMUs. Most EMUs (54.5%) admitted less than 100 patients for pre-surgical workup while 36.4% admitted 100-199, and 9.1% admitted more than 300 patients per year. Epilepsy surgeries were performed for less than 50 patients annually in 81.8% of the hospitals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There are 11 EMUs in Saudi Arabia fully equipped to serve epileptic patients. However, they are underutilized considering the number of admitted patient and the number of epilepsy surgeries per year. Also, they are unequally distributed throughout the kingdom.</p>","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"244-249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6b/eb/Neurosciences-23-244.PMC8015578.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36312859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-partum headache caused by dual pathology: A message to the anesthetist.","authors":"Hussein A Algahtani,&nbsp;Basim W Sait,&nbsp;Bader H Shirah,&nbsp;Majed A Almuraee","doi":"10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180489","url":null,"abstract":"P is the collection of air within the cranial cavity. It was first described by Thomas Du in 1866 in an autopsy report of a trauma patient. In 1914, Wolff was the first to use the term pneumocephalus. Published studies and reviews indicated that trauma and surgery are the most common causes of pneumocephalus accounting for 75-90% of cases. In addition, neoplasms account for 13% and infections account for 9% of cases. Other causes include lumbar puncture, angiography, Valsalva’s maneuver, subarachnoid-pleural fistula, congenital skull defects, basilar skull fractures, sinus fractures, osteoma, central venous catheterization, epidural steroid injections, and epidural anesthesia. Spontaneous or idiopathic pneumocephalus was only found in 0.6% of the cases.1,2 In this article, we aim to report a case of post-dural puncture headache and pneumocephalus complicating epidural analgesia using the loss of resistance to air technique. Post-epidural puncture headache was successfully treated with an autologous blood patch. However, headache persisted, and another cause was investigated further. This patient was found to have both post-dural puncture headache and pneumocephalus. A 36-year-old female delivered a healthy male infant 24 hours prior to presentation through a spontaneous vaginal delivery. She received an epidural analgesia using Tuohy needle 18 gauge for labor pain. Immediately after the epidural injection, she developed a severe headache which was constant and throbbing in nature located in both frontal and occipital regions with radiation to the neck. Due to labor pain and being occupied by giving birth, she did not complain about this headache except after delivery. The pain was worse with sitting or standing up and relieved by lying flat. The pain was not similar to her usual migraine headaches, which started at the age of 16. There were no associated fever, photophobia, neck stiffens, sensory symptoms, or weakness. There was no nasal discharge, epistaxis, anosmia, facial pain, or ear discharge. Her past surgical history was remarkable for previous varicose vein surgery, which was carried out 3 years ago under local anesthesia. During this admission, there was no history of cannulation of major arteries or veins in the neck. She had 2 previous pregnancies that were uneventful. On examination, her vital signs were normal. She was in severe pain, and she liked to stay in a supine position. Her neurological examination showed a normal higher mental functions, cranial nerve examination, motor, sensory and coordination systems. Her gait was not assessed, and her fundus was normal. There were no signs of meningeal irritation. Her basic blood work including chemistry was normal. The patient was treated conservatively using intravenous hydration, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and caffeine. Twenty-four hours later, she continued to be symptomatic, and an epidural autologous blood patch (22 cc) was carried out by the same anesthesia consultant ","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"262-264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/db/6a/Neurosciences-23-262.PMC8015576.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36312862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of infantile spasms in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Maryam A Alqassas,&nbsp;Osama Y Muthaffar,&nbsp;Anan A Aljawi,&nbsp;Ahad M Taj,&nbsp;Haya K Nijaifan,&nbsp;Reem A Alyoubi,&nbsp;Mohammed M Jan","doi":"10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the treatment approach and compliance of pediatric neurologists with evidence-based guidelines across Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). These guidelines that clarify the optimal management of infantile spasms (IS) are not widely followed for various practical reasons.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Physicians practicing in the field of pediatric neurology in KSA were contacted from the database of national societies. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured 20-item on-line survey designed to examine their clinical experience with IS and their treatment choices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 52 pediatric neurologists completed the survey (69% estimated capture rate). They received their formal training within KSA (40%), North America (33%), or Europe (14%). The majority practiced in 2 major cities, Riyadh (46%) or Jeddah (19%). Vigabatrin was favored over adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) as first line drug for patients without tuberous sclerosis complex (48% vs. 21%). Several factors correlated with correctly selecting ACTH as first line including western training (33% vs. 5%, p=0.001), practicing in the city of Riyadh (25% vs. 14%, p=0.001), or having >10 years of clinical experience (25% vs. 5%, p=0.017). Reasons for not complying with the recommended treatment guidelines included lack of availability of ACTH (42%), side effect profile of steroids (29%), and personal preferences (14%). Only 4% admitted lack of awareness of the currently published management guidelines.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Many pediatric neurologists in KSA are not following the published IS management guidelines. Using ACTH as first line correlated with their training, practice location, and years of experience. Lack of drug availability and side effect profile were common reasons for not complying with the management guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"258-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/91/43/Neurosciences-23-258.PMC8015583.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36312865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epilepsy in pregnancy. A comprehensive literature review and suggestions for saudi practitioners.","authors":"Inam Khuda,&nbsp;Danah Aljaafari","doi":"10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the context of local culture and misconceptions regarding epilepsy, Saudi practitioners need a careful management plan for women with epilepsy that satisfies all the patients` needs and ensures their spouses` understanding. Such a management strategy needs to incorporate careful selection and monitoring of anti-epileptic drugs and regular counseling of patients. Female epileptic patients in the reproductive age group, no matter whether they are pregnant or not, should be managed by safest drugs from the earliest with folic acid supplementation along with adequate pre-marriage/conception counseling. All antiepileptic drugs are potentially teratogenic. However, valproic acid, phenytoin, phenobarbitone, and topiramate are least favored for use. Monotherapy is preferred over polytherapy, and the least possible dose should be used. During pregnancy, many epileptic women may need monthly drug level monitoring and dose readjustments. Normal vaginal delivery is safe in epileptic women. Post-partum follow-up with anti-epileptic drug titration may be required.</p>","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"185-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f3/dd/Neurosciences-23-185.PMC8015586.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36310594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tolerability and discontinuation rates in teriflunomide-treated patients. A real-world clinical experience.","authors":"Hind A Alnajashi,&nbsp;Foziah J Alshamrani,&nbsp;Mark S Freedman","doi":"10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the real-world tolerability of teriflunomide in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients from a large Canadian MS Centre of Care to determine whether previously treated (PT) patients have different tolerability thresholds than treatment-naive (TN) patients, leading to differing discontinuation rates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This non-interventional, single-center, retrospective chart review examined all patients who were prescribed commercial teriflunomide between July 2014 and May 2015 at the MS Clinic in the Ottawa General Hospital and Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 119 patient charts were reviewed (29 TN and 90 PT). Overall, 19 (15.9%) patients discontinued teriflunomide after a mean treatment duration of 35 weeks. The most common reason for discontinuation was side effects in 8 patients (42%).Discontinuation due to intolerability alone occurred in 13 patients. The number of discontinuations was not sufficient to demonstrate a statistically significant difference between TN and PT patients (p=0.1).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This retrospective chart review provides some evidence about the real-world tolerability of teriflunomide. Discontinuations were low overall and consistent with previously reported clinical trial data. There was no significant difference in discontinuation rates between patients in the TN and PT groups. We believe that teriflunomide is a safe and well-tolerated oral alternative to injectable therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"204-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8b/c9/Neurosciences-23-204.PMC8015587.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36310596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endovascular management for tandem occlusions of anterior cerebral circulation.","authors":"Abdelaziz Sagga,&nbsp;Faris Alebdi,&nbsp;Ibrahim Alnaami","doi":"10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the endovascular approaches and techniques used to treat tandem occlusions of anterior cerebral circulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature review was carried out using PubMed to review the studies that described endovascular therapies for patients with tandem cerebral occlusions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 106 patients (median age: 64 years; range: 18-90 years) were identified. The median National Institutes of Health Stroke scale score at the time of admission for 104 patients was 16.5 (standard deviation [SD] +/-5.7). The mean times and ranges from symptom onset to recanalization were 396.85 minutes (range: 120-1,574 minutes) and from groin puncture to recanalization were 80.3 minutes (range: 14-180 minutes). The mean outcome modified Rankin scale (mRS) score was 2.31 (SD +/-2.2), and 61.3% of patients had an outcome mRS score </=2. Moreover, 80% of patients with a groin puncture-to-recanalization time of </=60 minutes had a mRS score </=2 compared to 51.5% of patients with longer times (p=0.02). Despite that only 11.3% of patients underwent a retrograde approach, 81.8% of them had an outcome mRS score </=2 compared to 60.8% of patients with an anterograde approach (p=0.023) CONCLUSION: A groin puncture-to-recanalization time of <60 minutes and a retrograde approach were shown to be favorable prognostic factors in terms of mRS score. The use of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator was associated with higher Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction scores, but not superior prognosis based on mRS.</p>","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"194-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c9/48/Neurosciences-23-194.PMC8015580.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36312346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of neuronavigation and intraoperative ultrasonography in distal middle cerebral artery aneurysm.","authors":"Mehmet R Onen,&nbsp;Evren Yuvruk,&nbsp;Sait Naderi,&nbsp;Nihat Egemen","doi":"10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180059","url":null,"abstract":"M cerebral artery aneurysms can be classified as proximal, bifurcation or distal type according to the location. Distal middle cerebral artery aneurysms originate from the distal or peripheral branches of the middle cerebral artery.1 Distal middle cerebral artery aneurysms are generally seen in head trauma, vasculitis, atherosclerosis, neoplastic emboli or bacterial infections related to endocarditis. These generally have a saccular structure and dissecting aneurysms are rarely seen.1 Unlike to aneurysms located in the proximal part of middle cerebral artery, which exposure is relatively easy, exposure of aneurysm in distal parts of artery is difficult. This requires some navigation techniques to find aneurysm. Neuronavigation, intra-operative digital subtraction angiography, doppler ultrasonography or 3D intra-operative ultrasonography are among the previously reported techniques used for exposure of these aneurysms.2-3 Some of these techniques may require additional craniotomies. In this article, a patient with distal middle cerebral aneurysm where intraoperative navigation was used is presented A 30-year old female was admitted to our clinic because of severe headaches. There was no neurological deficit, except for neck stiffness. On the cranial computerize tomography, Fisher Grade 2 subarachnoid bleeding was observed in the right temporal region. She was admitted to our clinic and on the computerize tomography, angiography, and digital subtraction angiography examinations, a wide-necked saccular aneurysm was determined, 8x5.5x5 mm in size, in the right middle cerebral artery M3 segment oriented superomedially (Figure 1a). On the 8th day of bleeding, she was admitted for surgery under elective conditions. The postoperative neurological examination was normal and on the 7th day the patient was discharged. The preoperative cranial computerize tomography images were loaded onto the navigation system (Figure 1b). With the patient in a supine position on the table, a Mayfield skull clamp compatible with navigation was applied to the patient’s head. With the craniotomy localization to be taken within the sylvian fissure, a right-side frontotemporoparietal craniotomy was applied compatible with the point identified with the navigation. Before making the dural incision, the localization of the aneurysm was confirmed with navigation by examining the ultrasound intra-operatively. The dura was opened by focusing on the aneurysm in such a manner as to allow sylvian dissection when necessary. By applying distal sylvian dissection under navigation guidance, the aneurysm was reached. The areas of subarachnoid bleeding around the aneurysm were cleaned and the arachnoid adhesions were opened. After visualization of the aneurysm in the proximal middle cerebral artery M3 segment, it was clipped with an appropriate sized Yashargil aneurysm clip (Figures 1c). Postoperative period was uneventful and the patient was discharged on seventh postoperative day. Middle ce","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"265-267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/87/36/Neurosciences-23-265.PMC8015573.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36312864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormal admission kidney function predicts higher mortality in stroke patients.","authors":"Mohammad A Mekhlafi,&nbsp;Bashair M Ibrahim,&nbsp;Lama A Rayyis","doi":"10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20170521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20170521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the impact of abnormal kidney function on stroke outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective cohort of stroke patients admitted to King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between 2010 and 2014. Serum creatinine and urine protein were collected at admis-sion. We defined proteinuria as urine protein dipstick >/=+1. Estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) rate was calculated by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study equation in mL/min/1.73m2. Abnormal kidney disease was defined as Creatinine>126 mg/dl or eGFR<60. Clinical characteristics and outcomes including one-year mortality and 30-day readmission were compared between patients with versus (vs.) without abnormal kidney function and/or proteinuria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 548 patients, 507 had creatinine measurement at admission and 193 patients had ab-normal kidney function. These patients tended to be older (median age 67 years vs. 60.5 for those with normal kidney function), men (66.7% vs. 54.3%), and hypertensive (96% vs. 88%). Diabetes prevalence did not differ between the 2 groups. Proteinuria was not associ-ated with future mortality. Abnormal kidney function was a significant predictor of post-stroke one-year mortality (adjusted OR=2.5, 95% CI=1.4 to 4.6; p-value=0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Abnormal kidney function doubled the risk of one-year mortality post stroke in our cohort. High-risk groups, including older hypertensive men, could be targeted for aggressive moni-toring and early treatment of risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"200-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7d/ae/Neurosciences-23-200.PMC8015577.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36310595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personal, family and societal educational needs assessment of individuals with spinal cord injury in Iran.","authors":"Zahra Khazaeipour,&nbsp;Abolfazl Abouie,&nbsp;Fatemeh Zarei,&nbsp;Hamid Mirzaaghaie,&nbsp;Afsaneh Abd-Mousavi,&nbsp;Alireza Salehi-Nejad,&nbsp;Alexander R Vaccaro,&nbsp;Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar","doi":"10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17712/nsj.2018.3.20180023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore individuals` perception of the personal, family and societal educational needs following a spinal cord injury (SCI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-one patients who sustained a traumatic SCI between March 2015 and June 2016 referred to Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center (BASIR) were included in a cross sectional study and completed an online survey containing open-and closed-ended questions, in Iran. Participants` responses were analyzed using a qualitative approach with a thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following a thematic analysis of the patient`s perceived educational needs, 3 themes and 14 subthemes were identified. The 3 themes included personal, family, and societal educational perceived needs. Within personal educational needs, there were 7 subthemes which included personal independence and transportation, financial independence, life skills modification, knowledge about SCI, prevention of SCI complications, relationships and sexual function, and psychological adjustments. Among family educational needs, the 3 subthemes were caregiver skills and communication, first aid and emergency skills, and emotional and psychological support. For societal educational needs, the 4 subthemes described were social integration, interpersonal communication skills, SCI awareness and injury prevention, sympathize while avoiding pity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to our findings, people with SCI have various needs that need to be addressed. Educational support should be a part of a comprehensive rehabilitation program and geared towards addressing the patients` personal and family needs, while educating the community about SCI in order to allow for reintegration into society.</p>","PeriodicalId":520723,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)","volume":" ","pages":"216-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bc/27/Neurosciences-23-216.PMC8015584.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36310598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}