Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research最新文献

{"title":"The association of hidradenitis suppurativa with increased risk of systemic infections in end-stage renal disease.","authors":"Adaora Ntukogu, Fabiha Anwar, Rushan Momin, Jennifer L Waller, Stephanie L Baer, Wendy B Bollag","doi":"10.1177/10815589261462559","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10815589261462559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition associated with disrupted skin integrity, while end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is marked by immune dysfunction and a heightened risk for systemic infections. The intersection of these conditions may increase susceptibility to bloodstream infections, yet this relationship remains underexplored. This study aimed to assess whether HS increases the risk of bacteremia, septicemia, and candidemia in patients with ESRD. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the United States Renal Data System (USRDS). Adults aged 18-100 who initiated hemodialysis between 2005 and 2019 were included. A diagnosis of HS was determined via International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 and ICD-10 codes. Infectious outcomes, also assessed using ICD codes, were measured following HS diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the relative risk (RR) of infection. Among 1,397,827 ESRD patients, 0.1% had HS, a prevalence that aligns with previously reported rates in the general U.S. population, suggesting that most HS cases were likely captured. After adjustment, HS was not significantly associated with diagnoses of bacteremia (RR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.87-1.09) or candidemia (RR = 1.25, 95% CI: 0.86-1.83). However, HS was independently associated with a significantly increased risk of an ICD diagnosis of septicemia (RR = 3.24, 95% CI: 2.41-4.34). Although the prevalence of a bacteremia or candidemia diagnosis was not increased in ESRD patients with HS, these patients were more likely to be labeled as having \"septicemia\" per ICD codes. This highlights the importance of heightened clinical awareness and the potential need for tailored infection-prevention strategies in this subpopulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589261462559"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148255422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of composite lipid indices with carotid atherosclerosis-related outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis focused on AIP and VAI.","authors":"Ji Ouyang, Jiayuan Song, Xingxing Zhang, Yuehang Xu, Peiyao Li, Zhixi Hu","doi":"10.1177/10815589261462549","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10815589261462549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carotid atherosclerosis and carotid plaque are key contributors to ischemic stroke pathology and cardiovascular disease. Composite lipid indices, including the Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), and Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP), are biomarkers reflecting dyslipidemia, visceral adiposity, and metabolic dysfunction. However, evidence linking these indices to carotid atherosclerosis-related outcomes remains contradictory. This study aimed to evaluate the associations of AIP, VAI, and LAP with carotid atherosclerosis and carotid plaque. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched from database inception to May 2025. Observational studies reporting associations between composite lipid indices and carotid atherosclerosis or carotid plaque were included. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted, and random-effects models were employed. For each lipid index, quantitative synthesis was conducted independently; AIP and VAI were examined as separate meta-analytic groups, while LAP was summarized descriptively because only one eligible study was available. Seven observational studies involving 97,573 participants were included (44,890 men and 52,683 women). AIP findings were reported in four studies, VAI in three, and LAP in one. The pooled analysis indicated a significant association between AIP and carotid plaque incidence (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.18-1.44). VAI was also significantly associated with carotid atherosclerosis (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.17-1.87). LAP was reported in only one study, with an OR of 1.43 (95% CI: 1.29-1.58), and was presented descriptively. In AIP subgroup analyses, significant associations were observed across carotid plaque type, study design, and sample-size strata. Sex-stratified analysis for VAI revealed a significant association in men but not in women; however, this finding should be interpreted cautiously. This systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that AIP and VAI are significantly associated with carotid atherosclerosis-related outcomes and may serve as useful supplementary metabolic markers for carotid atherosclerosis risk assessment. LAP showed a positive association in the single available study, but its clinical relevance requires further validation. Considering the small number of studies and the observational nature of the data, further large-scale prospective studies are required to corroborate these findings. The study protocol was registered with the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (INPLASY) database (registration number: INPLASY202550082).</p>","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589261462549"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148255281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence perceptions and experiences among first and second year medical students.","authors":"Elisheva Knopf, Genevieve M H Corrada, George R Luck, Parvathi Perumareddi","doi":"10.1177/10815589261462547","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10815589261462547","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) tools, particularly large language models, are increasingly accessible to medical learners. Early attitudes toward AI may shape how students incorporate these tools into learning and professional development. This study captured first- and second year medical students' AI familiarity, prior use, and perceptions during orientation week, providing a snapshot of incoming student attitudes. A cross-sectional survey was administered to first- and second year medical students (<i>N</i> = 157) at a single U.S. medical school in August 2024. Data on demographics, AI familiarity, prior use, and perceptions were collected using multiple-choice and five-point Likert scale items. Descriptive statistics, Chi-squared analyses, and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare responses between cohorts. Of 108 responses, most students reported slight (42.6%) or moderate (37%) AI familiarity. ChatGPT was the most recognized (95.4%) and used (84.3%) tool. First year students were significantly more likely than second year students to have used AI previously, to have used AI during medical school applications, and to plan AI use in medical school (all <i>p</i> < 0.001). Students expressed optimism about AI integration but raised concerns about accuracy (76.9%), clinical thinking (67.6%), and ethics (63%). Over 60% rated ethical AI training as very or extremely important, and 57.4% were uncomfortable with AI-mediated assessment. Pre-clinical students anticipate a growing role for AI in medical education and favor structured, workshop-based ethical training. These findings can inform timely curricular planning as AI technologies continue to evolve.</p>","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589261462547"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148230505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in the associations of cardiovascular risk factors with post-traumatic stress disorder among Veterans with chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Helena Zhang, David J Ramsey, Alicia Mark, Sankar D Navaneethan, Joseph Chilcot, L Parker Gregg","doi":"10.1177/10815589261460892","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10815589261460892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, in part through effects on traditional risk factors such as hypertension. People with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have elevated cardiovascular risk and a unique cardiovascular risk factor profile compared to the general population. We assessed associations of cardiovascular risk factors with PTSD among men and women with CKD. In this cross-sectional study, we identified adults with incident non-dialysis CKD stages 3-5 from 2009 to 2020 in the Veterans Affairs healthcare system. Prevalent PTSD was defined by the use of at least two PTSD diagnosis codes within 12 months prior to incident CKD. Of 1,443,878 Veterans in the cohort, PTSD was prevalent in 18.5% of women and 9.6% of men, <i>p</i> < 0.0001. In multivariable models, younger age, Black race, hypertension, depression, anxiety, alcohol, and/or substance use disorder, the use of antidepressant medications other than selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and higher estimated glomerular filtration rate were associated with increased odds of PTSD in both men and women, with significant interactions by sex for each of these (interaction <i>p</i> < 0.001 for each), except for anxiety (interaction <i>p</i> = 0.11). SSRI antidepressant use was associated with PTSD among men but not women. PTSD was differentially associated with cardiovascular risk factors among men and women with CKD. Further studies of the mechanisms of cardiovascular risk in people with CKD should stratify by sex.</p>","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589261460892"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148202113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of serum pentraxin 3 with rheumatoid arthritis disease activity and synovial blood flow.","authors":"Liuqing Wang, Xin Chen, Mingfeng Yang, Li Hua","doi":"10.1177/10815589261460885","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10815589261460885","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by persistent synovitis. Conventional inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) inadequately reflect synovial inflammation, particularly under interleukin-6 pathway inhibition. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), an extrahepatic acute-phase protein produced in inflamed tissues, may better reflect local inflammation and angiogenesis in RA joints. We enrolled 80 RA patients and 80 age-sex-matched healthy controls. Clinical data, inflammatory markers, and disease activity scores (DAS28) were collected. Serum PTX3 levels were quantified by ELISA. Musculoskeletal ultrasound assessed bilateral wrists and metacarpophalangeal/proximal interphalangeal joints for synovial hypertrophy, effusion, color Doppler flow, and bone erosion. Eight patients received tocilizumab at baseline and week 12. PTX3 levels were significantly higher in RA patients than in controls. Serum PTX3 concentrations showed a progressive increase from remission to moderate-to-high disease activity groups. PTX3 showed no significant reduction after tocilizumab treatment. PTX3 correlated positively with CRP, ESR, DAS28-CRP, and rheumatoid factor, but not with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies. PTX3 levels were elevated in patients with ultrasound-detected synovial blood flow compared to those without. Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated superior diagnostic performance of PTX3 for predicting synovial blood flow compared to CRP and ESR. In multivariable logistic regression, PTX3 was the only significant predictor of synovial blood flow positivity. PTX3 demonstrates superior diagnostic performance over traditional inflammatory markers in detecting synovial vascularity and independently correlates with disease activity. PTX3 may serve as a valuable complementary biomarker for assessing local synovial inflammation and angiogenesis, particularly when conventional markers are inadequate.</p>","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589261460885"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148202070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protocatechuic acid attenuates ferroptotic and apoptotic signaling in the kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.","authors":"Muhammed Taha Kaya, Tolga Guvenc","doi":"10.1177/10815589261460895","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10815589261460895","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes, largely driven by chronic hyperglycaemia and oxidative stress. This study investigated the dose-dependent effects of protocatechuic acid (PCA) on DN, focusing on its potential to attenuate ferroptosis and apoptosis in a streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes rat model. Thirty-two Wistar-Albino rats were divided into four groups (<i>n</i> = 8): Control, Diabetes, Diabetes + PCA 50 mg/kg, and Diabetes + PCA 100 mg/kg. After 12 weeks, kidney tissues were evaluated histologically (Perls' Prussian blue, Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS)), immunohistochemically (Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long Chain Family Member 4 (ACSL4), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4), transferrin receptor-1 (TfR-1), and by TUNEL assay. Diabetic rats exhibited iron accumulation, tubular dilatation, intracellular vacuolization, sclerotic glomeruli, and mesangial expansion (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while tubular atrophy, hyaline deposition, and mononuclear infiltration were unchanged (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Apoptotic and ferroptotic markers (Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, ACSL4, TfR-1) increased, and Bcl-2 and GPx4 decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.001). PCA treatment, particularly at the 100 mg/kg dose, significantly attenuated the expression of apoptotic and ferroptotic markers and reduced the number of TUNEL-positive cells (<i>p</i> < 0.001). These findings suggest that PCA modulates cell death by upregulating Bcl-2 and GPx4 while downregulating Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, ACSL4, and TfR-1 in renal tissues. While PCA effectively suppressed these molecular markers of injury, it did not lead to significant improvements in systemic renal function parameters such as serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Thus, PCA may serve as a potential agent for mitigating cellular damage in diabetic kidney injury by targeting specific cell death pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589261460895"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148202090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of the glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon receptor dual agonists on glycemic markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Luis E Simental-Mendía, Mario Simental-Mendía, Paola Aguillón-Marín, Adriana Sánchez-García","doi":"10.1177/10815589261460894","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10815589261460894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, it has been reported that dual agonists of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor and the glucagon receptor (GCGR) have important functions in regulating glucose metabolism and energy expenditure. However, the usefulness of these dual agonists for the treatment of type 2 diabetes remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials aimed to assess the impact of GLP-1/GCGR dual agonists on glycemic markers. The search process was performed in PubMed, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane Library databases. Randomized controlled trials assessing the impact of GLP-1/GCGR agonists on glycemic parameters were included. The meta-analysis was performed with the random-effects model and the generic inverse variance method, and the leave-one-out method was used for the sensitivity analysis. The meta-analysis of 14 randomized controlled trials demonstrated that GLP-1/GCGR agonists significantly decrease fasting glucose (weighted mean difference (WMD): -0.79 mmol/l, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.14, -0.45, <i>p</i> < 0.0001, <i>I</i>² = 92%) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c; WMD: -0.50%, 95% CI: -0.67, -0.32, <i>p</i> < 0.0001, <i>I</i>² = 93%). However, these dual agonists had no significant impact on insulin levels (WMD: -14.78 pmol/l, 95% CI: -35.89, 6.34, <i>p</i> = 0.17, <i>I</i>² = 87%). The subgroup analysis by treatment duration exhibited that GLP-1/GCGR agonists significantly reduced fasting glucose and HbA1c in randomized controlled trials ≤12 and >12 weeks, as well as insulin levels in those studies >12 weeks of treatment. In conclusion, the results of our meta-analysis indicated that GLP-1/GCGR dual agonists have a positive effect by decreasing fasting glucose and HbA1c concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589261460894"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148202120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the <i>VKORC1</i> rs8050894 CC genotype and undercarboxylated osteocalcin levels following vitamin K and D supplementation in Mexican Citizens with T2DM: A randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Yahatziri Salinas-Varela, Marco Antonio Barajas-González, Erika Martínez-López, Iris Monserrat Llamas-Covarrubias, Andres Lopez-Quintero, Sergio Sánchez-Enríquez, Edgar Alfonso Rivera-León","doi":"10.1177/10815589261460882","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10815589261460882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) involves inadequate insulin production and utilization. Osteocalcin (OC) links bone and energy metabolism, existing as carboxylated (cOC) and undercarboxylated (ucOC) isoforms. The ucOC/cOC ratio is influenced by vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (<i>VKORC1</i>) gene variants and vitamin intake. This study analyzes the effects of vitamin D3 (VD3) and vitamin K2 (VK2) supplementation on ucOC, insulin levels, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and the percentage of functional pancreatic beta cells (%FPβC) in Mexican Citizens with T2DM carrying the <i>VKORC1</i> rs8050894 variant. The present randomized clinical trial recruited 40 Mexican subjects with T2DM. Participants were assigned to one of three groups receiving VD3, VK2, or a combination of both over a 3-month period. ucOC levels and insulin were measured using an ELISA assay; glucose and lipid profiles were measured by spectrophotometry (ERBA XL200). HOMA-IR and %FPβC were calculated. The rs8050894 variant was genotyped using allelic discrimination with real-time polymerase chain reaction. All groups exhibited significantly lower levels of glucose and %FPβC. Significant effects were observed in glucose, insulin, %FPβC, and HOMA-IR in CG genotype carriers in the VK2 group. On the other hand, CC genotype carriers showed higher ucOC levels compared to other genotypes in the VK2 and VK2 + D3 intervention groups.Trial Registration number: NCT04041492. 2019-07-3. https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT04041492.</p>","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589261460882"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148202093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing clinical core competencies in postgraduate medical education: A comparative study of augmented reality-assisted and traditional teaching approaches.","authors":"Wanzhi Chen, Jian Wang, Shuihong Lei, Rong Xie, Meijun Zhong","doi":"10.1177/10815589261460889","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10815589261460889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of augmented reality (AR)-assisted teaching versus traditional methods in enhancing clinical core competencies among postgraduate medical students. Fifty postgraduate medical students were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (AR-assisted teaching, <i>n</i> = 25) or a control group (traditional teaching, <i>n</i> = 25). Following an identical instructional curriculum, participants underwent objective theoretical and case analysis assessments, completed self-evaluation surveys, and responded to standardized teaching satisfaction questionnaires. Competency evaluations were based on the six Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) core competencies: patient care, medical knowledge, system-based practice, practice-based learning and improvement, professionalism, and interpersonal and communication skills. Students in the experimental group outperformed the control group in theoretical knowledge and case analysis (<i>p</i> < 0.05). They also reported significantly greater improvements in self-directed learning ability, learning efficiency, clinical reasoning, and concentration. The experimental group showed higher satisfaction across teaching dimensions, including spatial visualization, interactivity, curriculum design, and perceived learning outcomes. Additionally, scores across all six ACGME core competencies were significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). AR-assisted teaching offers significant advantages over traditional methods in medical education, leading to enhanced knowledge acquisition, clinical reasoning, learner engagement, and competency development, thereby providing a promising approach for advancing postgraduate clinical training.</p>","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589261460889"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148202083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between nocturnal blood pressure variations and intraocular pressure in patients with essential hypertension.","authors":"Muhammet Salih Ateş, Cihan Büyükavşar","doi":"10.1177/10815589261460881","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10815589261460881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the association between intraocular pressure (IOP) and circadian blood pressure (BP) patterns-specifically dipper and nondipper status-in patients with newly diagnosed essential hypertension. A total of 180 participants were enrolled and equally divided into individuals with normal blood pressure (<i>n</i> = 90) and individuals with hypertension (<i>n</i> = 90). Individuals with hypertension were further classified into dipper and nondipper subgroups based on 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring. IOP was assessed using a noncontact tonometer during morning hours (9:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.). Individuals with hypertension demonstrated significantly higher right and left eye IOP values compared to individuals with normal blood pressure (16.86 ± 3.84 mmHg vs 14.56 ± 2.79 mmHg and 16.69 ± 4.02 mmHg vs 14.43 ± 3.08 mmHg, respectively; both <i>p</i> < 0.001). Among hypertensives, nondippers had significantly higher IOP than dippers (right eye: 17.91 ± 3.93 vs 15.85 ± 3.52 mmHg, <i>p</i> = 0.010; left eye: 17.88 ± 3.98 vs 15.55 ± 3.76 mmHg, <i>p</i> = 0.005). Linear regression analysis identified 24-h systolic BP (β = 0.902, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.220 to 0.395, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and nondipper status (β = -0.608, 95% CI: -7.294 to -3.218, <i>p</i> < 0.001) as independent predictors of mean IOP in individuals with newly diagnosed and untreated hypertension. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that, in individuals with newly diagnosed and untreated hypertension, a mean IOP ≥ 16.85 mmHg predicted nondipping status with 59.1% sensitivity and 63% specificity (area under the curve = 0.666, <i>p</i> = 0.007). These findings suggest that a nondipping circadian BP profile is independently associated with elevated IOP in individuals with newly diagnosed and untreated hypertension, emphasizing the potential value of ocular pressure monitoring in this population, particularly those without nocturnal BP decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589261460881"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148177486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}