Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research最新文献

{"title":"Editorial: Honoring the legacy of Dr. Richard W. McCallum-Editor-in-Chief, Mentor, and Champion of Physician-Scientists.","authors":"Samrat U Das","doi":"10.1177/10815589251378565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10815589251378565","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589251378565"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145133059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESS: Perfusion Defects on Thallium-201 Scintigraphy in Cardiac Amyloidosis?","authors":"Yi-Hsin Hung, An-Li Yu, Chi-Lun Ko, Yi-Chieh Chen, Mao-Yuan Su, Chia-Tung Shun, Chi-Chao Chao, Sung-Tsang Hsieh, Ping-Huei Tseng, Ming-Jen Lee, Hsueh-Wen Hsueh, Jimmy Jyh-Ming Juang, Cheng-Hsuan Tsai, Mei-Fang Cheng, Yen-Hung Lin","doi":"10.1177/10815589251384949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10815589251384949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thallium-201 scintigraphy can detect microvascular diseases, however the correlation between cardiac amyloidosis and thallium-201 scintigraphy findings is unknown. We aimed to investigate the influence of amyloid deposition on thallium-201 scintigraphy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed individuals with cardiac amyloidosis at National Taiwan University Hospital, reviewing baseline characteristics, biochemistry, echocardiography, thallium-201 scintigraphy and coronary angiography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-six participants were enrolled, of whom 32 had transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. The left ventricular (LV) posterior wall thickness was 13.71±2.45 mm, and the summed stress score (SSS) and summed difference score (SDS) on thallium-201 scintigraphy were 5.47±6.42 and 2.16±2.13, respectively. Abnormal thallium-201 scintigraphy findings were observed in 72.22% of patients. In Spearman's correlation analysis, both the summed stress score (SSS) and summed difference score (SDS) were significantly correlated with LV posterior wall thickness (SSS: r = 0.43, p = 0.008; SDS: r = 0.50, p = 0.002). In multivariable analysis, LV posterior wall thickness remained the only significant predictor of SSS (β = 0.410, 95% CI: 0.250-1.895, p = 0.012). Coronary angiography was performed in eight of the patients with abnormal thallium-201 scintigraphy, none of whom had physiologically significant coronary artery lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Abnormal thallium-201 scintigraphy findings were common in the patients with cardiac amyloidosis, even though they did not have significant epicardial coronary lesions. Furthermore, SSS was associated with LV posterior wall thickness. These results suggest that thallium-201 scintigraphy may help identify myocardial perfusion abnormalities related to cardiac amyloidosis, particularly in patients presenting with unexplained LV hypertrophy and non-obstructive coronary arteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589251384949"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145133093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angiotensin II receptor blockers and isolated left bundle branch block: A retrospective cohort analysis.","authors":"Nada Said, Ramzi Ibrahim, Hoang Nhat Pham, George Bcharah, Mahmoud Abdelnabi, Eiad Habib, Reza Arsanjani","doi":"10.1177/10815589251366917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10815589251366917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic left bundle branch block (LBBB) has been associated with adverse cardiac remodeling and the development of cardiomyopathy. This retrospective cohort study evaluated the impact of angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) therapy on cardiovascular outcomes in adults with isolated LBBB with no known heart failure (HF), cardiomyopathy, or ischemic heart disease. Using the TriNetX global research network, patients were stratified by ARB use and followed for up to 5 years. Propensity score matching was performed to balance characteristics. Three thousand two hundred sixty-six patients were included in each group with comparable baseline characteristics. The ARB therapy was not associated with a reduction in new-onset acute HF events (4.9% vs 4.4%; hazard ratio (HR) 1.05 (95% CI 0.84-1.32)). Similarly, there were no significant differences in rates of all-cause hospitalizations, cardiac arrest, or ventricular tachycardia. However, ARB use was associated with a significantly lower, all-cause mortality rate (8.6% vs 12.1%; HR 0.67 (95% CI 0.57-0.77)). This is the first real-world study examining ARB use in a cohort with isolated LBBB, highlighting a potential mortality benefit, despite no difference in acute HF risk. While ARBs are not effective in preventing LBBB-induced cardiomyopathy based on these findings, the observed survival advantage warrants further investigation. Prospective studies are needed to elucidate mechanisms underlying this mortality benefit and to determine whether ARBs should be considered in the management of patients with isolated LBBB.</p>","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589251366917"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESS: Advancement of an (In Vitro/Ex Vivo) Hybrid Model Framework to Forecast Polyviral Lung Disease Outcomes.","authors":"Sudha Varalakshmi, Vijayalakshmi P, Rajendran V","doi":"10.1177/10815589251382266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10815589251382266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The advancement of an (in vitro/ex vivo) hybrid model framework for forecasting polyviral lung disease outcomes addresses the pressing need for sophisticated tools to understand the complexities of these infections. The primary objective of this study is to advance the development and application of an (in vitro/ex vivo) hybrid model framework for forecasting polyviral lung disease outcomes. This phase of data collection for lung infections, involving single and co-infecting viruses, utilizes ex vivo models (perfused lung tissue slices) and in vitro models (lung cell cultures). Before employing Local Binary Patterns (LBP) for image analysis, data pre-processing, including Weighted Local Gabor Binary Pattern (WLGBP), is essential. Feature extraction is a critical initial step in enhancing the dataset for developing a hybrid model framework (in vitro/ex vivo) to predict polyviral lung disease outcomes. By employing VGG16 and CBRACDC algorithms, a hybrid model framework (in vitro/ex vivo) is created to forecast polyviral lung disease outcomes. Incorporating the Random Survival Forest (RSF) algorithm into the hybrid model framework brings numerous benefits for polyviral lung disease prognosis. Python was utilized extensively throughout the development and analysis phases, contributing to the framework's robustness and versatility. The observed minimum cost value of 1.079 indicates the algorithm's optimal performance based on the defined objective. Future research avenues could focus on integrating advanced computational techniques like deep learning and artificial intelligence to improve the predictive accuracy and scalability of hybrid models for forecasting polyviral lung disease outcomes. This could enable personalized medicine approaches and more targeted therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589251382266"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145067622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESS: Association Between Dapagliflozin Use and Coronary Collateral Circulation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Hypothesis-Generating Study.","authors":"Gokhan Koker, Yasin Sahinturk, Ali Coskuner, Lutfullah Koc, Fatih Kumas, Gizem Zorlu Gorgulugil, Bilgin Bahadir Basgoz, Nizameddin Koca","doi":"10.1177/10815589251382270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10815589251382270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary collateral circulation (CCC) plays a vital compensatory role in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). However, impaired collateral development is common in T2DM, and therapeutic strategies to enhance CCC are underexplored. We aimed to evaluate the association between SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin use and coronary collateral development in T2DM patients with obstructive CAD. This cross-sectional study evaluated 59 T2DM patients undergoing coronary angiography for total coronary occlusion. CCC was graded using the Rentrop classification, and patients were divided into poor and good CCC groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of good CCC. Good CCC was observed in 74.6% of patients. Dapagliflozin use was significantly more common among patients with good CCC (81.8% vs. 13.3%, p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, dapagliflozin use was significantly associated with good CCC (OR: 32.5, 95% CI: 5.21-642, p = 0.002). After PSM, the Dapagliflozin use remained a significant predictor. ROC analysis demonstrated strong discriminative ability (AUC: 0.821, 95% CI: 0.711-0.932). Dapagliflozin use is likely associated with enhanced coronary collateral development in T2DM patients with obstructive CAD, indicating a possible mechanism underlying its cardioprotective effects beyond glycemic control.</p>","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589251382270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145067663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESS: Silent Damage, Early Signals: A Narrative Review of the Evolving Role of Cardiac Biomarkers in Oncology-Driven Cardiotoxicity.","authors":"Aura Maria Calderon, Luis Salcedo, Jose Jonathan Loayza Pintado, Catherine Matos Munoz, Ivan Mogollon, Francisco Arias Reyes, Everardo Cobos","doi":"10.1177/10815589251382263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10815589251382263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advancements in cancer therapy have led to improved patient survival but have also introduced an increasing risk of cardiotoxicity, particularly with agents such as anthracyclines, trastuzumab, and various targeted treatments. Cardiotoxic effects may present as myocardial injury, systolic or diastolic dysfunction, or heart failure, often developing insidiously before clinical symptoms become evident. Early detection is therefore crucial to preserve cardiovascular health in oncology patients. This narrative review examines the expanding role of cardiac biomarkers; including high-sensitivity troponins, natriuretic peptides, Galectin-3, soluble ST2, and novel molecular markers like microRNAs, in identifying and monitoring chemotherapy-induced cardiac injury. It also highlights how these biomarkers complement advanced imaging techniques such as global longitudinal strain, cardiac magnetic resonance, and myocardial deformation imaging to detect subclinical changes before ejection fraction declines. Furthermore, we explore the clinical relevance of biomarker-guided monitoring, the role of cardioprotective agents such as dexrazoxane, and the emerging utility of stress-based functional testing in evaluating cardiac reserve. Overall, the review emphasizes a tailored, multimodal approach that integrates biomarkers, imaging, and clinical risk profiling to enhance early intervention and sustain cancer treatment without compromising cardiac function.</p>","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589251382263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145067572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESS: Effects of Magnesium and Potassium on Insulin Resistance and Blood Sugar Level among Insomniac Patients with Diabetes Mellitus-A Randomized Control Trial.","authors":"Sidra Khalid, Shahid Bashir, Dr Riffat Mehboob, Humaira Waseem, Imran Shahid, Abdullah R Alzahrani, Zargham Mazhar, Shatha Alharazy","doi":"10.1177/10815589251378179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10815589251378179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To compare the effect of magnesium and potassium on insulin resistance and blood sugar levels among insomniac patients with diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized controlled study was conducted on 320 subjects enrolled in placebo (T1), Magnesium (T2), Potassium (T3) and Magnesium + Potassium (T4) treatment groups. Pre- and post-trial blood sugar and insulin levels were analyzed through blood. Insulin resistance was calculated by homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Analysis was performed in IBM SPSS® version 25.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HOMA-IR analysis showed that pre-treatment mean of T4 (Magnesium + Potassium group) was 3.01 ± 0.54, and post-treatment mean was 2.54 ± 0.29, showing significant reduction (p=0.001). There was significant association among post HOMA-IR score of treatment groups (p=0.001). Fasting blood sugar levels showed that all groups, except placebo, had significant differences in levels (p=0.001). A comparison between treatment groups concluded that blood sugar levels were associated with significant differences (p=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study suggests that magnesium alone and magnesium coupled with potassium supplementation assist insomniac diabetics more effectively to regulate insulin resistance and increased blood sugar levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589251378179"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145025117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methylation levels of the <i>LEP, LEPR</i>, and <i>ADIPOQ</i> genes and their association with metabolically healthy obesity.","authors":"Yéssika Weyman-Vela, Ada A Sandoval-Carrillo, Jose M Salas-Pacheco, Fernando Guerrero-Romero, Alma Cristina Salas-Leal, Luis E Simental-Mendía","doi":"10.1177/10815589251378182","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10815589251378182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has been reported that DNA methylation in the epigenetic profile of the genes <i>LEP</i> and <i>ADIPOQ</i> is associated with obesity. To the best of our knowledge, there are no previous reports assessing the methylation of the <i>LEP</i>, <i>LEPR</i>, and <i>ADIPOQ</i> genes in subjects with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO). Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the association between methylation of the <i>LEP</i>, <i>LEPR</i>, and <i>ADIPOQ</i> genes with the MHO phenotype. Healthy men and women aged 20-55 years of age with a body mass index ≥30 kg/m² were enrolled in a case-control study. Exclusion criteria were pregnancy, alcohol intake, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, hepatic disease, cardiovascular disease, renal disease, thyroid disease, cancer, and/or any type of drug therapy. Individuals with MHO were allocated to the case group, while those with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) were assigned to the control group. A total of 78 individuals were enrolled and allocated into the groups with MHO (n = 39) or MUO (n = 39). In the MHO group, the methylation percentage of the <i>LEP</i> gene was significantly higher than in the MUO group, while the <i>LEPR</i> and <i>ADIPOQ</i> genes did not show differences between the study groups. Finally, the methylation of the <i>LEP</i> gene (OR = 1.67; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.29-2.16; <i>p</i> < 0.001), but not of <i>LEPR</i> (OR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.45-1.32; <i>p</i> = 0.350) and <i>ADIPOQ</i> (OR = 1.01; 95% CI: 0.97-1.05; <i>p</i> = 0.411), presented a positive association with the MHO phenotype. In conclusion, the <i>LEP</i> gene hypermethylation is positively associated with the MHO phenotype. In addition, the <i>LEPR</i> gene overexpression was significantly associated with the MHO.</p>","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589251378182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145025134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESS: Exploring Testosterone's Impact on Pulmonary Health in a Rat Model of COPD: Investigating MMP-9 and FGF-23.","authors":"Zexuan Ji, Changhong Zhang, Bu Wang, Jianqing Zhao","doi":"10.1177/10815589251378184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10815589251378184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundWe explored the potential impact of testosterone treatment in a male rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Our study focused on evaluating the potential decrease in the expression and activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) induced by COPD.MethodsWistar rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups: control, COPD, or testosterone treatment. The COPD model was induced through the administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and exposure to cigarette smoke (CS). The expression levels of MMP9 and FGF-23 were measured using Western blot and RT-PCR techniques, while MMP9 activity was evaluated via gelatin zymography.ResultsTestosterone treatment led to a significant improvement in pulmonary function indeces compared with the control group. Furthermore, testosterone treatment reduced lung inflammation improved the alveolar structure, and reduced the number of inflammatory cells. It also mitigated oxidative stress, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Testosterone lowered the expression of MMP-9 and FGF-23, which was elevated in rats with COPD. It also decreased the activity of MMP-9 in lung tissues.ConclusionsOverall, testosterone showed promise in ameliorating COPD-related pulmonary impairment and inflammation via modulation of oxidative stress, MMP-9, and FGF-23.</p>","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":" ","pages":"10815589251378184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145025193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2025 8th International Conference on Advances in Biological Science and Technology Selected Meeting Abstracts Supplement.","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/10815589251371795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10815589251371795","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research","volume":"73 2_suppl","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145153227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}