Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)最新文献_第4页

Four New Species and New Records of Orbilia from China Based on Molecular and Morphological Data. 基于分子和形态资料的中国蛇耳蝇四新种和新记录。

IF 4.7

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-11-11 DOI: 10.3390/jof8111188

Xiao-Yun Ou, Yuan-Yuan Shao, Hai-Fu Zheng, Bin Liu

引用次数: 1

Impact of the Disk Diffusion Test on Fluconazole De-Escalation in Patients with Candidemia. 盘片扩散试验对念珠菌病患者氟康唑降级的影响。

IF 4.7

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.3390/jof8111185

Suchavadee Tantasuwan, Piriyaporn Chongtrakool, Amiroh Waesamaae, Methee Chayakulkeeree

{"title":"Impact of the Disk Diffusion Test on Fluconazole De-Escalation in Patients with Candidemia.","authors":"Suchavadee Tantasuwan, Piriyaporn Chongtrakool, Amiroh Waesamaae, Methee Chayakulkeeree","doi":"10.3390/jof8111185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111185","url":null,"abstract":"Disk diffusion (DD) is a simple antifungal susceptibility method for Candida. This study examined the impact of fluconazole DD testing on antifungal de-escalation. We enrolled patients with candidemia whose Candida isolates were tested for fluconazole susceptibility using DD between January 2019 and January 2020. The historical controls were patients with candidemia who underwent fluconazole susceptibility testing using the broth microdilution (BMD) method. Clinical data including antifungal therapy were analyzed. In total, 108 patients were enrolled. Most baseline characteristics were comparable between the groups. C. tropicalis was the predominant isolate (54.6%), followed by C. albicans (17.6%). The rates of antifungal de-escalation within 72 h were 25.9 and 9.3% in the DD and BMD groups, respectively (p = 0.023). The median time to de-escalation was 3 days in the DD group, versus 6 days in the BMD group (p = 0.037). The 14-day mortality rate and antifungal cost tended to be lower in the DD group. There were no differences in the length of hospital stay and treatment-related complications between the two groups. The agreement between the DD and BMD results was 90%. DD testing can be substituted for BMD to enhance antifungal de-escalation and antifungal stewardship.","PeriodicalId":520671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9693788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40477735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New Insights into the Mechanism of Trichoderma virens-Induced Developmental Effects on Agrostis stolonifera Disease Resistance against Dollar Spot Infection. 绿木霉诱导的匍匐茎病抗性机制的新认识

IF 4.7

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.3390/jof8111186

Lu Gan, Yuelan Yin, Qichen Niu, Xuebing Yan, Shuxia Yin

{"title":"New Insights into the Mechanism of Trichoderma virens-Induced Developmental Effects on Agrostis stolonifera Disease Resistance against Dollar Spot Infection.","authors":"Lu Gan, Yuelan Yin, Qichen Niu, Xuebing Yan, Shuxia Yin","doi":"10.3390/jof8111186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111186","url":null,"abstract":"Trichoderma is internationally recognized as a biocontrol fungus for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Intriguingly, the crosstalk mechanism between the plant and Trichoderma is dynamic, depending on the Trichoderma strains and the plant species. In our previous study, the Trichoderma virens 192-45 strain showed better pathogen inhibition through the secretive non-volatile and volatile substrates. Therefore, we studied transcriptional and metabolic responses altered in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) with T. virens colonization prior to a challenge with Clarireedia homoeocarpa. This fungal pathogen causes dollar spot on various turfgrasses. When the pathogen is deficient, the importance of T. virens to the enhancement of plant growth can be seen in hormonal production and microbe signaling, such as indole-3-acrylic acid. Therefore, these substrates secreted by T. virens and induced genes related to plant growth can be the 'pre-defense' for ensuing pathogen attacks. During C. homoeocarpa infection, the Trichoderma-plant interaction activates defense responses through the SA- and/or JA-dependent pathway, induced by T. virens and its respective exudates, such as oleic, citric, and stearic acid. Thus, we will anticipate a combination of genetic engineering and exogenous application targeting these genes and metabolites, which could make creeping bentgrass more resistant to dollar spot and other pathogens.","PeriodicalId":520671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9694513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40477736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Enhancement of Fungal Enzyme Production by Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields. 射频电磁场对真菌产酶的促进作用。

IF 4.7

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.3390/jof8111187

Mayura Veerana, Nan-Nan Yu, Si-Jin Bae, Ikhwan Kim, Eun-Seong Kim, Wirinthip Ketya, Hak-Yong Lee, Nam-Young Kim, Gyungsoon Park

{"title":"Enhancement of Fungal Enzyme Production by Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields.","authors":"Mayura Veerana, Nan-Nan Yu, Si-Jin Bae, Ikhwan Kim, Eun-Seong Kim, Wirinthip Ketya, Hak-Yong Lee, Nam-Young Kim, Gyungsoon Park","doi":"10.3390/jof8111187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111187","url":null,"abstract":"Enzyme production by microorganisms on an industrial scale has demonstrated technical bottlenecks, such as low efficiency in enzyme expression and extracellular secretion. In this study, as a potential tool for overcoming these technical limits, radio-frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure was examined for its possibility to enhance production of an enzyme, α-amylase, in a filamentous fungus, Aspergillus oryzae. The RF-EMF perfectly resonated at 2 GHz with directivity radiation pattern and peak gain of 0.5 dB (0.01 Watt). Total protein concentration and activity of α-amylase measured in media were about 1.5-3-fold higher in the RF-EMF exposed (10 min) sample than control (no RF-EMF) during incubation (the highest increase after 16 h). The level of α-amylase mRNA in cells was approximately 2-8-fold increased 16 and 24 h after RF-EMF exposure for 10 min. An increase in vesicle accumulation within fungal hyphae and the transcription of some genes involved in protein cellular trafficking was observed in RF-EMF-exposed samples. Membrane potential was not changed, but the intracellular Ca2+ level was elevated after RF-EMF exposure. Our results suggest that RF-EMF can increase the extracellular level of fungal total proteins and α-amylase activity and the intracellular level of Ca2+.","PeriodicalId":520671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9695996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40477737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Endemic Mycoses: Novel Findings for the Clinician. 地方性真菌病:临床医师的新发现。

IF 4.7

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.3390/jof8111184

Alessandro C Pasqualotto

引用次数: 0

The Loss-of-Function Mutation aldA67 Leads to Enhanced α-L-Rhamnosidase Production by Aspergillus nidulans. 功能缺失突变aldA67导致球状曲霉α- l -鼠李糖苷酶产量增加。

IF 4.7

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-11-09 DOI: 10.3390/jof8111181

Margarita Orejas, Andrew P MacCabe

{"title":"The Loss-of-Function Mutation aldA67 Leads to Enhanced α-L-Rhamnosidase Production by Aspergillus nidulans.","authors":"Margarita Orejas, Andrew P MacCabe","doi":"10.3390/jof8111181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111181","url":null,"abstract":"In Aspergillus nidulans L-rhamnose is catabolised to pyruvate and L-lactaldehyde, and the latter ultimately to L-lactate, via the non-phosphorylated pathway (LRA) encoded by the genes lraA-D, and aldA that encodes a broad substrate range aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) that also functions in ethanol utilisation. LRA pathway expression requires both the pathway-specific transcriptional activator RhaR (rhaR is expressed constitutively) and the presence of L-rhamnose. The deletion of lraA severely impairs growth when L-rhamnose is the sole source of carbon and in addition it abolishes the induction of genes that respond to L-rhamnose/RhaR, indicating that an intermediate of the LRA pathway is the physiological inducer likely required to activate RhaR. The loss-of-function mutation aldA67 also has a severe negative impact on growth on L-rhamnose but, in contrast to the deletion of lraA, the expression levels of L-rhamnose/RhaR-responsive genes under inducing conditions are substantially up-regulated and the production of α-L-rhamnosidase activity is greatly increased compared to the aldA+ control. These findings are consistent with accumulation of the physiological inducer as a consequence of the loss of ALDH activity. Our observations suggest that aldA loss-of-function mutants could be biotechnologically relevant candidates for the over-production of α-L-rhamnosidase activity or the expression of heterologous genes driven by RhaR-responsive promoters.","PeriodicalId":520671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9699597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40457639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic Engineering of Talaromyces marneffei to Enhance Siderophore Production and Preliminary Testing for Medical Application Potential. 提高铁载体产量的马尔尼菲Talaromyces marneffei基因工程及其医学应用潜力初步测试。

IF 4.7

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-11-09 DOI: 10.3390/jof8111183

Artid Amsri, Somdet Srichairatanakool, Aphiwat Teerawutgulrag, Sirida Youngchim, Monsicha Pongpom

{"title":"Genetic Engineering of Talaromyces marneffei to Enhance Siderophore Production and Preliminary Testing for Medical Application Potential.","authors":"Artid Amsri, Somdet Srichairatanakool, Aphiwat Teerawutgulrag, Sirida Youngchim, Monsicha Pongpom","doi":"10.3390/jof8111183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111183","url":null,"abstract":"Siderophores are compounds with low molecular weight with a high affinity and specificity for ferric iron, which is produced by bacteria and fungi. Fungal siderophores have been characterized and their feasibility for clinical applications has been investigated. Fungi may be limited in slow growth and low siderophore production; however, they have advantages of high diversity and affinity. Hence, the purpose of this study was to generate a genetically modified strain in Talaromyces marneffei that enhanced siderophore production and to identify the characteristics of siderophore to guide its medical application. SreA is a transcription factor that negatively controls iron acquisition mechanisms. Therefore, we deleted the sreA gene to enhance the siderophore production and found that the null mutant of sreA (ΔsreA) produced a high amount of extracellular siderophores. The produced siderophore was characterized using HPLC-MS, HPLC-DAD, FTIR, and 1H- and 13C-NMR techniques and identified as a coprogen B. The compound showed a powerful iron-binding activity and could reduce labile iron pool levels in iron-loaded hepatocellular carcinoma (Huh7) cells. In addition, the coprogen B showed no toxicity to the Huh7 cells, demonstrating its potential to serve as an ideal iron chelator. Moreover, it inhibits the growth of Candida albicans and Escherichia coli in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, we have generated the siderophore-enhancing strain of T. marneffei, and the coprogen B isolated from this strain could be useful in the development of a new iron-chelating agent or other medical applications.","PeriodicalId":520671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9692399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40477734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Mitochondria on Ganoderma lucidum Growth and Bioactive Components Based on Transcriptomics. 基于转录组学的线粒体对灵芝生长及生物活性成分的影响。

IF 4.7

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-11-09 DOI: 10.3390/jof8111182

Liyun Ye, Xiaofang He, Congbao Su, Haiying Feng, Guoliang Meng, Bingzhi Chen, Xiaoping Wu

{"title":"The Effect of Mitochondria on Ganoderma lucidum Growth and Bioactive Components Based on Transcriptomics.","authors":"Liyun Ye, Xiaofang He, Congbao Su, Haiying Feng, Guoliang Meng, Bingzhi Chen, Xiaoping Wu","doi":"10.3390/jof8111182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111182","url":null,"abstract":"Mitochondria are the power source of living cells and implicated in the oxidative metabolism. However, the effect of mitochondria on breeding is usually ignored in conventional research. In this study, the effect of mitochondria on Ganoderma lucidum morphology, yield, and main primary bioactive components was analyzed via structuring and comparing isonuclear alloplasmic strains. The crucial biological pathways were then explored based on the transcriptome. The results showed that isonuclear alloplasmic exhibited difference in mycelial growth rate in potato dextrose agar medium (PDA), basidiospore yield, and polysaccharide and triterpenoid content. Otherwise, mitochondria did not change colony and fruit body morphology, mushroom yield, or mycelial growth rate in solid-state fermentation cultivation material. The transcriptome data of two significant isonuclear alloplasmic strains S1 and S5 revealed that the involvement of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was mainly in pentose and glucuronate interconversions, starch and sucrose metabolism, and steroid biosynthesis. The result was further confirmed by the other isonuclear alloplasmic strains. The above results further proved that mitochondria could affect the active components of G. lucidum. Our results provide information which will contribute to understanding of mitochondria and will be helpful for breeding improved varieties.","PeriodicalId":520671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9692720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40477732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Role of the Global Fitness Regulator Genes on the Osmotic Tolerance Ability and Salinity Hazard Alleviation of Trichoderma asperellum GDFS 1009 for Sustainable Agriculture. 全球适应度调节基因在曲霉GDFS 1009渗透耐受能力和减轻盐碱危害中的作用

IF 4.7

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-11-08 DOI: 10.3390/jof8111176

Valliappan Karuppiah, Xifen Zhang, Zhixiang Lu, Dazhi Hao, Jie Chen

{"title":"Role of the Global Fitness Regulator Genes on the Osmotic Tolerance Ability and Salinity Hazard Alleviation of Trichoderma asperellum GDFS 1009 for Sustainable Agriculture.","authors":"Valliappan Karuppiah, Xifen Zhang, Zhixiang Lu, Dazhi Hao, Jie Chen","doi":"10.3390/jof8111176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111176","url":null,"abstract":"Velvet family proteins are global regulators of fungal growth and development. Here, we reported the role of Vel1 and Lae1 from T. asperellum in osmotic tolerance. Deletion of the Vel1 and Lae1 genes led to the retardation of vegetative mycelial growth under saline conditions. The strain carrying the overexpression locus of the Vel1 and Lae1 genes was highly resistant to oxidative stress by upregulating the enzymes and genes involved in antioxidant activity. Major physiological changes in the cell wall and vacuoles occurred under high saline conditions. The Vel1 and Lae1 overexpression strains increased cell wall thickness and the number of vacuoles, which seems to lead to an increase of the osmolyte content of glycerol and proline. The absorption of Na+ content in the vacuole of the Vel1 and Lae1 overexpression strains was increased, while the absorption of Na+ was impaired in the Vel1 and Lae1 knock out strains, in which the Na+ was localized in the cell wall membrane. This result supported the significant correlation of the expression of genes with the ionic transportation in T. asperellum. Maize root colonization by the Vel1 and Lae1 gene overexpression strain was increased, which would mitigate the stress caused by the absorption of Na+ in the maize roots and increased the plant growth. Our results highlighted the importance of Vel1 and Lae1 proteins to the salinity stress tolerance of T. asperellum and the mitigation of Na+ stress to plants for sustainable agriculture.","PeriodicalId":520671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9698259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40457634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cuticular Lipids as a First Barrier Defending Ixodid Ticks against Fungal Infection. 表皮脂质作为硬蜱抵抗真菌感染的第一屏障。

IF 4.7

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-11-08 DOI: 10.3390/jof8111177

Cárita S Ribeiro-Silva, Elen R Muniz, Valesca H Lima, Cíntia C Bernardo, Walquíria Arruda, Rosane N Castro, Patrícia S Gôlo, Isabele C Angelo, Éverton K K Fernandes

{"title":"Cuticular Lipids as a First Barrier Defending Ixodid Ticks against Fungal Infection.","authors":"Cárita S Ribeiro-Silva, Elen R Muniz, Valesca H Lima, Cíntia C Bernardo, Walquíria Arruda, Rosane N Castro, Patrícia S Gôlo, Isabele C Angelo, Éverton K K Fernandes","doi":"10.3390/jof8111177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111177","url":null,"abstract":"The chemical composition of tick cuticles acts as a barrier to pathogens and may limit infection by entomopathogenic fungi. This study characterized the cuticular neutral lipids (NL) and hydrocarbons (HCs) of four ixodid ticks that are widely distributed in Brazil. HC extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and used to challenge Beauveria bassiana IP361 and Metarhizium robertsii IP146; the effect of cuticular extracts in fungal growth were evaluated by disk diffusion and conidial viability assays. In addition, conidial germination on the tick cuticle was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, and NL from ticks treated with fungi were assessed by thin layer chromatography. Six HCs were exclusively identified in Amblyomma sculptum. Additionally, cuticle extracts from Dermacentor nitens and A. sculptum inhibited the growth of M. robertsii IP146 and reduced conidial germination of B. bassiana IP361 to 70% and 49%, respectively; the same extracts also produced cytotoxic effects, with conidial death above 30% and 60%. Electron micrographs showed a delayed germination of conidia incubated for 48 h or 72 h on D. nitens and A. sculptum. The lipid profile of A. sculptum treated with fungi was not significantly altered; triacylglycerol was not detected in the cuticle extracts of any other tick species. Finally, A. sculptum and D. nitens cuticles have lipid components that may limit the development of M. robertsii.","PeriodicalId":520671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9698823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40457635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0