JBRA assisted reproduction最新文献

{"title":"The influence of melatonin supplementation on in vitro culture of murine embryos from polycystic ovary syndrome experimental models.","authors":"Marcela de Oliveira Pinheiro, Fernanda Bertuccez Cordeiro, Giuliana Camila Ramirez Ramos, Dóris Ferreira Moriyama, Gabrielle Ferrante Alves de Moraes, Karla Pacheco de Melo, Maurício de Rosa Trotta, Fernando Prado Ferreira, Edson Guimarães Lo Turco","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20250164","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20250164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) negatively impacts oocyte and embryo quality. However, melatonin supplementation in assisted reproduction may enhance oocyte and embryo quality. This study aimed to analyze the effect of melatonin supplementation in embryo culture, by assessing embryos quality and development in murine models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>C57BL/6J mice strain were divided into 6 groups: PCOS; PCOS with melatonin; placebo; placebo with melatonin; controls; and controls with melatonin. Embryo classification was performed during all developmental phases. TUNEL assay analysis was carried out in blastocysts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The melatonin supplementation showed a positive influence during cleavage and morula development for all groups. The blastocyst rate was lower in the PCOS group when compared to placebo and controls. For the TUNEL assay, placebo and control groups supplemented with melatonin had a lower number of apoptotic cells compared to their respective non-supplemented groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Melatonin supplementation exerts a beneficial impact on cleavage and morula development for all groups. For PCOS, the poor blastocyst quality and high apoptosis rate emphasizes the inherent challenges associated with this condition. Melatonin potentially mitigates apoptotic events during early embryo development, suggesting its relevance as a supplementary therapeutic approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":520656,"journal":{"name":"JBRA assisted reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"56-63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13055175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145812614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L-arginine attenuates cisplatin-induced sexual dysfunction in male Wistar rats by modulating circulating testosterone and NO/cGMP signaling.","authors":"O O Obembe, A A Oladipo, O Ajao, T M Akhigbe, W A Saka, R E Akhigbe","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20250166","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20250166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cisplatin is a highly potent and commonly used antineoplastic agent. However, it has been reported to induce male sexual dysfunction (SD) via the downregulation of testosterone and nitric oxide (NO)/ cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling. On the other hand, L-arginine upregulates NO/cGMP signaling and may attenuate cisplatin-induced male sexual dysfunction. Thus, the current study examined the effect of L-arginine on cisplatin-induced male SD with a focus on testosterone bioavailability and NO/cGMP as a potential target pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four male Wistar rats were allotted randomly to four groups: control, L-arginine-treated, cisplatin-treated, and cisplatin co-treatment with L-arginine.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cisplatin therapy significantly lowered libido and sexual vigor, evinced by extended mount, intromission, and ejaculation latencies and reduced motivation to mate and mount, intromission, and ejaculation frequencies, as well as penile reflex. Moreover, cisplatin downregulated circulating testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). In addition, cisplatin exposure markedly reduced dopamine and cavernosal levels of NO and cGMP and increased cavernosal acetylcholinesterase, monoamine oxidase, and arginase. Also, cisplatin increased cavernosal malondialdehyde, NF-kB, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 but reduced GSH, SOD, and catalase. However, co-administration of L-arginine attenuated cisplatin-induced SD by improving the indices of the male sex act and upregulating testosterone, LH, FSH, NO, cGMP, and dopamine. Arginine co-therapy also suppressed cytokine levels and improved penile redox state.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>L-arginine attenuates cisplatin-induced male SD by modulating circulating testosterone and NO/cGMP signaling.</p>","PeriodicalId":520656,"journal":{"name":"JBRA assisted reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"89-98"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13055187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145544815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute stress induction downregulates RHOX-5 gene expression causing altered fertility indices in MALE Wistar rats.","authors":"Onyinye Cynthia Okeke, Olutayo Ifedayo Ajayi","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20250184","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20250184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Stress has been implicated in the onset and development of various diseases and conditions including cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, obesity and infertility. The effects of stress on fertility were studied to elucidate possible mechanisms of stress-induced infertility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Stress was induced using the flowerpot technique. Plasma concentration of fertility hormones, inflammatory and oxidative markers, sperm profile, histological studies and molecular studies were carried out in selected tissues from the study and control groups. Statistical analysis was carried out using the GraphPad Prism 8.0.1 version. Results were presented as Mean±SEM. The Student t-test was used to compare the means obtained; and p-values lower than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Plasma concentration of testosterone, percentage of progressively motile sperm cells, percentage of normal sperm cells and relative expression of Rhox-5 gene were significantly decreased, while the C-reactive protein concentration was significantly increased in the stressed group when compared with the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Stress reduces fertility through suppressed fertility hormone secretion and reduced genetic expression of the relevant genes, causing poor-quality spermatogenesis in male Wistar rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":520656,"journal":{"name":"JBRA assisted reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"120-131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13055165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145812706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Outcomes of Gamete Donation in Assisted Reproductive Technology: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Sofia Soares, Carla Leal, Márcia Barreiro, Emídio Vale-Fernandes","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20250056","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20250056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to evaluate and characterize Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) cycles, as well as the associated obstetric and neonatal outcomes, in pregnancies resulting from gamete donation at the Public Gamete Bank of the Centro Materno Infantil do Norte Dr. Albino Aroso (CMIN), Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António (ULSSA), in Porto, Portugal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of 238 gamete donation cycles from 2011 to 2021. Collected variables included recipient age, duration and cause of infertility, number of attempts, ART techniques employed, embryo transfer details, beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) values, live birth rates, gestational age, mode of delivery, and birth weight. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 27, with a significance threshold set at p<0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among sperm donation cases, 29.4% resulted in preterm deliveries, with 24.3% of pregnancies being non-ongoing and 47.7% leading to cesarean sections. Low birth weight was observed in 29.3% of singletons and 69% of twins. Multiple gestations occurred in 24.5% of cases, with a significant increase when two embryos were transferred (p=0.027). In oocyte donation situations, 40% of pregnancies resulted in preterm deliveries and 43.4% experienced low birth weight. Multiple pregnancies increased the risk of preterm delivery and low birth weight.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The high incidence of multiple gestations underscores the need for single embryo transfer, particularly for older oocyte recipients. It is crucial for couples to be educated about the associated risks and benefits of this approach, alongside the implementation of comprehensive maternal and fetal monitoring throughout the reproductive process.</p>","PeriodicalId":520656,"journal":{"name":"JBRA assisted reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"19-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13055167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145403676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 3PN zygote can be transferred after PGT-A and embryo ploidy analysis: A case report of a healthy neonate.","authors":"Eliana Margarita Retamoso-Paz, Marisol Martínez-Martínez, Luz Sthefany Chavarro-Tello, Clara Inés Esteban-Pérez","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20250182","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20250182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report describes a healthy live birth following in vitro fertilization (IVF) resulting from the transfer of a euploid embryo derived from a tri-pronuclear zygote (3PN), along with a review of related literature. The case occurred at a private IVF center. It involves a nulliparous 29-year-old woman with abnormal ovarian reserve and male factor infertility who underwent IVF. Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy and noninvasive prenatal testing with cell-free fetal DNA indicated normal ploidy. This report provides evidence that transferring a euploid embryo from an abnormally fertilized oocyte (tri-pronuclear zygote) can lead to a clinical pregnancy and a healthy live birth.</p>","PeriodicalId":520656,"journal":{"name":"JBRA assisted reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"225-228"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13055190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145812713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing the Blastocyst Fragmentation Indicator (BFI): A Novel Time-Lapse Metric for Enhanced Aneuploidy Risk Stratification in Non-Invasive Embryo Assessment.","authors":"Hamilton de Martin, Eduardo Gomes Sá, Andrea Mesquita Lima, Ellayne Cavalcanti Queiroz, Gleicyane Sousa Dos Santos Alam, Tulius Augustus Ferreira de Freitas, Gabriel Acácio de Moura, Eduardo de Paula Miranda, Sebastião Evangelista Torquato","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20250171","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20250171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To propose an improved blastocyst grading system by integrating dynamic time-lapse parameters with conventional morphological criteria, aiming to enhance embryo selection during assisted reproduction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study evaluated 1,182 embryos derived from 433 cycles of intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Time-lapse parameters included morula compaction status, blastocyst collapse frequency, and fragmentation of the inner cell mass and trophectoderm. These findings were analyzed in conjunction with standard morphological grading and embryo scoring systems based on implantation data. Embryo outcomes were stratified by chromosomal status determined through preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fully compacted morulae were associated with higher morphological grades; however, the proportion of chromosomally normal embryos did not differ significantly when compared to those derived from partially compacted morulae, suggesting that static morphology alone may not accurately reflect developmental potential. Although most blastocyst collapse events were minor, they correlated with increased fragmentation and reduced embryo quality. Fragmentation of the inner cell mass and/or the trophectoderm was associated with significantly lower rates of chromosomal normalcy. Logistic regression analysis confirmed fragmentation as the strongest predictor of aneuploidy, outperforming both conventional grading systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This integrated evaluation model, combining static morphology with dynamic developmental events, offers a more comprehensive and accurate approach to assessing embryo viability. By identifying embryos with higher risk of chromosomal abnormalities, this strategy may enhance embryo selection, improve reproductive outcomes, and contribute to more individualized care in assisted reproduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":520656,"journal":{"name":"JBRA assisted reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"132-141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13059644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145403674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of simplified versus the original media in standard vapor freezing and in-house vitrification of human sperm.","authors":"Natpat Jansaka, Ubol Saeng-Anan, Waraporn Piromlertamorn, Teraporn Vutyavanich, Usanee Samee","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20250154","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20250154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We compared post-cryopreserved outcomes of normozoospermic semen samples after cryopreservation by vitrification and liquid nitrogen vapor freezing, using the original and the simplified preservation media.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty normozoospermic semen samples were used in the study. Post-prepared semen samples were divided into five aliquots: one served as non-cryopreserved control; two were vitrified using in-house (In-house-V) or sucrose media (Simp-V); and the last two aliquots were frozen in liquid nitrogen vapor, using commercial (Com-L) or sucrose media (Simp-L).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sperm after cryopreservation regardless of the media and method used, significantly decreased in motility, viability, and increased ROS level without changes in sperm morphology and DNA fragmentation. Simplified sucrose freezing medium significantly increases post-thawed motility (57.6% (53.2-68.9) vs. 34.5% (27.3-43.6) in Simp-L and Com-L) and viability (61.0% (52.0-67.8) vs. 37.0% (29.3-46.0) in Simp-L and Com-L) in vapor freezing but significantly decrease post-thawed motility (58.8% (51.4-63.3) vs. 77.8% (70.8-81.3) in Simp-V and In-house-V) and viability (59.0% (53.2-66.0) vs. 75.5% (68.0-83.0) in Simp-V and In-house-V) in vitrification. A simplified medium does not affect sperm morphology, ROS level, and DNA fragmentation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In liquid nitrogen vapor freezing, a simplified medium significantly improved sperm motility and viability compared with commercial medium. In vitrification, the simplified medium gave inferior results on sperm motility and viability compared to the original preservation medium.</p>","PeriodicalId":520656,"journal":{"name":"JBRA assisted reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"39-46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13055179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147314538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PGT-A in Advanced Maternal Age: The probability of pregnancy is increased?","authors":"M Valeria Paz, Paula Hovanyecz, Patricia Perfumo, Luciana Domenech, Viviana Ventura","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20250170","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20250170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the probability of achieving a successful pregnancy transferring a euploid embryo per follicular aspiration in women of advanced reproductive age and based on these results to provide an additional clinical tool to support patient counseling in assisted reproductive treatments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All patients undergoing follicular aspiration and requiring PGT-A from January 2016 to March 2023 were included. Patients were divided into 4 groups based on age: <35, 35-37, 38-40, and 41 or older. It was calculated for each group the percentage of aspirated cycles with at least one blastocyst for biopsy and the percentage of these cycles with at least one euploid embryo. Ongoing pregnancy rate was calculated for the first euploid embryo transfer. The probability of achieving a successful pregnancy per aspirated cycle was finally determined and it was compared between age groups with Chi-square analysis (significance level of 5%).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences in pregnancy rate per transfer across age groups when euploids embryos were transferred (p=0.61). As patient age increases, the chance of obtaining a blastocyst suitable for biopsy per PGT-A aspirated cycle, and the chance of this embryo being euploid and transferred decrease. Finally, the probability of achieving a successful pregnancy per PGT-A aspirated cycle decreases from 29% in patients younger than 35 years old, to 5% in patients over 40 years old.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Only 5% of women aged 41 or older would achieve pregnancy by transferring a euploid embryo per follicular aspiration. Providing accurate counseling that aligns with the perspective and expectations of these patients will be a challenge for healthcare professionals, even when utilizing the PGT-A technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":520656,"journal":{"name":"JBRA assisted reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"142-145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13055160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145544894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"JBRA Assisted Reproduction: three decades of science, innovation, and leadership in Latin America.","authors":"Paulo Franco Taitson, Maria do Carmo Borges de Souza, Roberto de Azevedo Antunes, João Batista Alcantara Oliveira","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20260013","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20260013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520656,"journal":{"name":"JBRA assisted reproduction","volume":"30 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13060014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147597620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Vitex Agnus - Castus Plant on Some Markers of Oxidative Stress, Lipid Profile and Insulin Resistance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind Controlled Clinical Trial Study.","authors":"Aniseh Hatami, Fateme Seidi, Ali Khosrowbeygi, Azam Moslemi, Farideh Jalali-Mashayekhi","doi":"10.5935/1518-0557.20250165","DOIUrl":"10.5935/1518-0557.20250165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This randomized controlled trial investigated the efficacy of standardized Vitex agnus-castus extract in managing features of PCOS. The primary aim was to assess changes in oxidative stress markers; secondary outcomes included lipid profile, insulin resistance, and clinical signs such as hirsutism and menstrual frequency.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty women with PCOS were randomly assigned to a Vitex group (5.8 mg daily, standardized to 0.42-0.82 mg Aucubin) or placebo for 12 weeks. Dietary habits and physical activity and physical activity were maintained throughout the study. Serum total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione, and other biochemical and clinical parameters were assessed preand post-intervention. Between-group differences were analyzed using independent t-tests and ANCOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to placebo, Vitex significantly increased total antioxidant capacity (effect size = 13.01), glutathione peroxidase (3.35), reduced glutathione (3.88), total thiol (3.34), and HDL (5.74) (all p<0.05). It decreased total oxidant status (-6.49), oxidative stress index (-9.30), malondialdehyde (-5.29), fasting blood sugar (-5.10), HOMA-IR (-0.31), LDL (-2.85), ALT (-3.51), and mFG score (-5.38). Menstrual frequency improved (3.51), and left ovarian volume reduced (-0.80).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vitex agnus-castus improved oxidative stress markers and insulin resistance and favorably modulated clinical manifestations of PCOS. These findings suggest a clinically meaningful benefit and support further investigation into Vitex as an adjunctive therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":520656,"journal":{"name":"JBRA assisted reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"70-78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13055162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145812592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}