Eye and vision (London, England)最新文献

{"title":"A machine learning-based algorithm used to estimate the physiological elongation of ocular axial length in myopic children.","authors":"Tao Tang,&nbsp;Zekuan Yu,&nbsp;Qiong Xu,&nbsp;Zisu Peng,&nbsp;Yuzhuo Fan,&nbsp;Kai Wang,&nbsp;Qiushi Ren,&nbsp;Jia Qu,&nbsp;Mingwei Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s40662-020-00214-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-020-00214-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Axial myopia is the most common type of myopia. However, due to the high incidence of myopia in Chinese children, few studies estimating the physiological elongation of the ocular axial length (AL), which does not cause myopia progression and differs from the non-physiological elongation of AL, have been conducted. The purpose of our study was to construct a machine learning (ML)-based model for estimating the physiological elongation of AL in a sample of Chinese school-aged myopic children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 1011 myopic children aged 6 to 18 years participated in this study. Cross-sectional datasets were used to optimize the ML algorithms. The input variables included age, sex, central corneal thickness (CCT), spherical equivalent refractive error (SER), mean K reading (K-mean), and white-to-white corneal diameter (WTW). The output variable was AL. A 5-fold cross-validation scheme was used to randomly divide all data into 5 groups, including 4 groups used as training data and one group used as validation data. Six types of ML algorithms were implemented in our models. The best-performing algorithm was applied to predict AL, and estimates of the physiological elongation of AL were obtained as the partial derivatives of <i>AL</i> _{<i>predicted</i>} -age curves based on an unchanged SER value with increasing age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the six algorithms, the robust linear regression model was the best model for predicting AL, with a <i>R</i> ^<i>2</i> value of 0.87 and relatively minimal averaged errors between the predicted AL and true AL. Based on the partial derivatives of the <i>AL</i> _{<i>predicted</i>} -age curves, the estimated physiological AL elongation varied from 0.010 to 0.116 mm/year in male subjects and 0.003 to 0.110 mm/year in female subjects and was influenced by age, SER and K-mean. According to the model, the physiological elongation of AL linearly decreased with increasing age and was negatively correlated with the SER and the K-mean.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The physiological elongation of the AL is rarely recorded in clinical data in China. In cases of unavailable clinical data, an ML algorithm could provide practitioners a reasonable model that can be used to estimate the physiological elongation of AL, which is especially useful when monitoring myopia progression in orthokeratology lens wearers.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s40662-020-00214-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38531096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction of a digital near-vision reading test for normal and low vision adults: development and validation.","authors":"Georgios Labiris,&nbsp;Eirini-Kanella Panagiotopoulou,&nbsp;Eleftherios Chatzimichael,&nbsp;Maria Tzinava,&nbsp;Asimina Mataftsi,&nbsp;Konstantinos Delibasis","doi":"10.1186/s40662-020-00216-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-020-00216-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>MNREAD is an advanced near-vision acuity chart that has already been translated and validated in Greek language. Considering that no validated Greek digital near-vision test exists, our primary objective was to develop and validate a digital near-vision reading test based on the fundamental properties of the Greek printed MNREAD (MNREAD-GR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective, comparative study. A digital near-vision chart was developed (Democritus Digital Acuity Reading Test - DDART) with text size calibration, audio recording for automatic reading timing, as well as automatic calculation of reading acuity (RA), maximum reading speed (MRS), critical print size (CPS) and reading accessibility index (ACC). Normal and low vision subjects participated in the validation process, responding to MNREAD-GR and DDART at the same day, at a 40 cm viewing distance. Differences in all parameters between the charts were compared with t-test and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Within 15 days, all participants responded again to DDART in a different set of sentences to assess its test-retest reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred patients (normal vision group - NVG: 70 patients; low vision group - LVG: 30 patients) responded to both reading tests. Non-significant differences were detected for all parameters between DDART and MNREAD-GR except for MRS and ACC that were significantly higher in MNREAD-GR in NVG (<i>p</i> <  0.01). NVG participants demonstrated sufficient ICCs that ranged from 0.854 to 0.963, while LVG demonstrated ICCs for RA, ACC, MRS and CPS equal to 0.986, 0.894, 0.794 and 0.723, respectively. All parameters calculated with DDART demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability (ICCs: 0.903 - 0.956).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed reading test presented comparable validity and repeatability to MNREAD-GR suggesting that it can be used both in normal and low vision Greek patients.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04242836. Registered 24 January 2020 - Retrospectively registered.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s40662-020-00216-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38531097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tomography-based definition of keratoconus for Down syndrome patients.","authors":"Soheila Asgari,&nbsp;Shiva Mehravaran,&nbsp;Mohammadreza Aghamirsalim,&nbsp;Hassan Hashemi","doi":"10.1186/s40662-020-00215-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-020-00215-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To assess the diagnostic ability of Pentacam HR (Oculus Optikgeräte, GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) tomographic indices in discriminating keratoconus (KC) and KC suspect (KCS) in 10- to 30-year-old patients with Down syndrome (DS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, DS patients were enrolled through special needs schools, the National Down Syndrome Society, and relevant non-profit organizations. Diagnoses were made independently by two experienced specialists. Forty Pentacam indices related to corneal thickness, volume, density, keratometry, power, shape, aberration, and elevation were extracted. For each index, the accuracy for KC and KCS diagnosis was evaluated using discriminant analysis and the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). From each enrolled case, data from only one eye was entered in the analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyses were performed on data from 25 KC, 46 KCS, and 154 non-ectatic DS eyes. The best discriminants for KC were anterior higher order aberrations (HOA) (cutoff > 0.643, AUROC = 0.879), posterior vertical coma (cutoff > 0.0702 μm, AUROC = 0.875), anterior vertical coma (cutoff > 0.4124 μm, AUROC = 0.868), and total HOA (cutoff > 0.608, AUROC = 0.867). The difference between AUROCs were not statistically significant (all <i>P</i> > 0.05). For KCS, the best discriminants were minimum corneal thickness (cutoff ≤ 480.0 μm, AUROC = 0.775), corneal volume (cutoff ≤ 55.3 μm, AUROC = 0.727) and Belin Ambrosio display-total deviation (BAD-D) (cutoff > 2.23, AUROC = 0.718) with no significant difference between AUROCs (all <i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this sample of DS patients, best KC discriminators were HOA and coma which showed good diagnostic ability. For KCS, best predictors were minimum corneal thickness, corneal volume, and BAD-D with relatively good diagnostic ability. Defining a new set of KC diagnostic criteria for DS patients is suggested.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s40662-020-00215-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38567069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning helps improve diagnostic ability of subclinical keratoconus using Scheimpflug and OCT imaging modalities.","authors":"Ce Shi,&nbsp;Mengyi Wang,&nbsp;Tiantian Zhu,&nbsp;Ying Zhang,&nbsp;Yufeng Ye,&nbsp;Jun Jiang,&nbsp;Sisi Chen,&nbsp;Fan Lu,&nbsp;Meixiao Shen","doi":"10.1186/s40662-020-00213-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-020-00213-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To develop an automated classification system using a machine learning classifier to distinguish clinically unaffected eyes in patients with keratoconus from a normal control population based on a combination of Scheimpflug camera images and ultra-high-resolution optical coherence tomography (UHR-OCT) imaging data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 121 eyes from 121 participants were classified by 2 cornea experts into 3 groups: normal (50 eyes), with keratoconus (38 eyes) or with subclinical keratoconus (33 eyes). All eyes were imaged with a Scheimpflug camera and UHR-OCT. Corneal morphological features were extracted from the imaging data. A neural network was used to train a model based on these features to distinguish the eyes with subclinical keratoconus from normal eyes. Fisher's score was used to rank the differentiable power of each feature. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated to obtain the area under the ROC curves (AUCs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The developed classification model used to combine all features from the Scheimpflug camera and UHR-OCT dramatically improved the differentiable power to discriminate between normal eyes and eyes with subclinical keratoconus (AUC = 0.93). The variation in the thickness profile within each individual in the corneal epithelium extracted from UHR-OCT imaging ranked the highest in differentiating eyes with subclinical keratoconus from normal eyes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The automated classification system using machine learning based on the combination of Scheimpflug camera data and UHR-OCT imaging data showed excellent performance in discriminating eyes with subclinical keratoconus from normal eyes. The epithelial features extracted from the OCT images were the most valuable in the discrimination process. This classification system has the potential to improve the differentiable power of subclinical keratoconus and the efficiency of keratoconus screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s40662-020-00213-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38420953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological features of anterior segment: factors influencing intraocular pressure after cataract surgery in nanophthalmos.","authors":"Qiang Lu,&nbsp;Wenwen He,&nbsp;Yi Lu,&nbsp;Xiangjia Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s40662-020-00212-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-020-00212-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the anterior segment in nanophthalmic eyes and their association with intraocular pressure after cataract surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two nanophthalmic eyes (axial length [AL] < 18.5 mm) in 18 patients and 35 normal eyes (21 ≤ AL ≤ 24.5 mm) in 35 controls who had undergone uneventful cataract surgery were included. Swept-source optical coherence tomography was used to compare the anterior segment structures between the two groups. The associations between the anterior segment characteristics of nanophthalmic eyes and postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) were also investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IOP-lowering effect of cataract surgery was remarkably insufficient in nanophthalmic eyes. Peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) were observed in 56% (18/32) of nanophthalmic eyes, and a characteristic boomerang-shaped iris was observed in 28% (9/32). The anterior surface of the iris seemed \"smoother\" in nanophthalmic eyes than in normal eyes. Schlemm's canal (SC) diameter, SC area, trabecular meshwork (TM) thickness, TM width, and TM area were generally smaller in the nanophthalmic eyes. Younger age, higher preoperative IOP, broader PAS, and smaller SC area were main contributors to higher postoperative IOP. AL and SC diameter may also be of great importance in IOP prediction in patients without glaucoma surgery and PAS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The morphological features of the anterior segment in nanophthalmic eyes are significantly different from those of normal eyes. Influencing factors such as age, AL, preoperative IOP, extent of PAS, SC and TM size could all be prognostic for IOP after cataract surgery in nanophthalmic eyes.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrails.gov, Trial registration number: NCT02182921, Registered 8 July 2014.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s40662-020-00212-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38420952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated diagnosis and staging of Fuchs' endothelial cell corneal dystrophy using deep learning.","authors":"Taher Eleiwa,&nbsp;Amr Elsawy,&nbsp;Eyüp Özcan,&nbsp;Mohamed Abou Shousha","doi":"10.1186/s40662-020-00209-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-020-00209-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To describe the diagnostic performance of a deep learning algorithm in discriminating early-stage Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) without clinically evident corneal edema from healthy and late-stage FECD eyes using high-definition optical coherence tomography (HD-OCT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this observational case-control study, 104 eyes (53 FECD eyes and 51 healthy controls) received HD-OCT imaging (Envisu R2210, Bioptigen, Buffalo Grove, IL, USA) using a 6 mm radial scan pattern centered on the corneal vertex. FECD was clinically categorized into early (without corneal edema) and late-stage (with corneal edema). A total of 18,720 anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) images (9180 healthy; 5400 early-stage FECD; 4140 late-stage FECD) of 104 eyes (81 patients) were used to develop and validate a deep learning classification network to differentiate early-stage FECD eyes from healthy eyes and those with clinical edema. Using 5-fold cross-validation on the dataset containing 11,340 OCT images (63 eyes), the network was trained with 80% of these images (3420 healthy; 3060 early-stage FECD; 2700 late-stage FECD), then tested with 20% (720 healthy; 720 early-stage FECD; 720 late-stage FECD). Thereafter, a final model was trained with the entire dataset consisting the 11,340 images and validated with a remaining 7380 images of unseen AS-OCT scans of 41 eyes (5040 healthy; 1620 early-stage FECD 720 late-stage FECD). Visualization of learned features was done, and area under curve (AUC), specificity, and sensitivity of the prediction outputs for healthy, early and late-stage FECD were computed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final model achieved an AUC of 0.997 ± 0.005 with 91% sensitivity and 97% specificity in detecting early-FECD; an AUC of 0.974 ± 0.005 with a specificity of 92% and a sensitivity up to 100% in detecting late-stage FECD; and an AUC of 0.998 ± 0.001 with a specificity 98% and a sensitivity of 99% in discriminating healthy corneas from all FECD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Deep learning algorithm is an accurate autonomous novel diagnostic tool of FECD with very high sensitivity and specificity that can be used to grade FECD severity with high accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s40662-020-00209-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38343851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angle-to-angle and spur-to-spur distance analysis with high-resolution optical coherence tomography.","authors":"Robert Montés-Micó,&nbsp;Pedro Tañá-Rivero,&nbsp;Salvador Aguilar-Córcoles,&nbsp;María Ruiz-Santos,&nbsp;María Dolores Rodríguez-Carrillo,&nbsp;Ramón Ruiz-Mesa","doi":"10.1186/s40662-020-00208-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-020-00208-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To measure angle-to-angle (ATA) and spur-to-spur (STS) distances along six meridians using high-resolution swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and to compare those values with horizontal white-to-white (WTW) distance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>68 eyes from 68 patients were quantitatively assessed with the Anterion SS-OCT (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany). ATA and STS distances were measured with the SS-OCT's B-Scan in six cross-sectional images corresponding to the vertical (6-12 o'clock), 1-7 o'clock, 2-8 o'clock, horizontal (3-9 o'clock), 4-10 o'clock and 5-11 o'clock meridians. WTW was measured horizontally with the device's infrared camera. A Pearson correlation analysis was carried out to compare ATA and STS distances with WTW.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The largest values were found for the vertical meridian and the shortest for the 2-8 o'clock meridian, both for ATA and STS distances. No statistically significant differences were found between WTW, ATA and STS along the horizontal meridian (<i>p</i> > 0.1). However, ATA and STS showed statistically significant differences elsewhere, except for the horizontal and the 2-8 o'clock meridians (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Moreover, we found that ATA and STS varied significantly depending on the meridian being assessed, except for ATA at 4-10 versus 3-9 o'clock and for STS at 4-10 versus 3-9 o'clock and at 3-9 versus 2-8 o'clock (<i>p</i> > 0.1). R² values ranged from 0.49 to 0.75 for ATA and STS at the different meridians, showing the best correlation at 3-9 o'clock meridian (0.64 and 0.75, respectively) and the worst at 6-12 o'clock meridian (R² = 0.49 for both ATA and STS).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ATA and STS distances vary radially, thus showing that the anterior chamber is vertically oval. Therefore, it is advisable to measure these two distances along the meridian to be used.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s40662-020-00208-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38285917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An interferometric ex vivo study of corneal biomechanics under physiologically representative loading, highlighting the role of the limbus in pressure compensation.","authors":"Abby Wilson,&nbsp;John Jones,&nbsp;John R Tyrer,&nbsp;John Marshall","doi":"10.1186/s40662-020-00207-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-020-00207-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The mechanical properties of the cornea are complex and regionally variable. This paper uses an original method to investigate the biomechanics of the cornea in response to hydrostatic loading over the typical physiological range of intra-ocular pressure (IOP) fluctuations thereby increasing understanding of clinically relevant corneal biomechanical properties and their contributions to the refractive properties of the cornea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Displacement speckle pattern interferometry (DSPI) was used to measure the total surface displacement of 40 porcine and 6 human corneal-scleral specimens in response to pressure variations up to 1 mmHg from a baseline of 16.5 mmHg. All specimens were mounted in a modified artificial anterior chamber (AAC) and loaded hydrostatically. Areas of high strain in response to loading were identified by comparing the displacements across different regions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The nature of the response of the corneal surface to loading demonstrated high regional topographic variation. Mechanical properties were shown to be asymmetrical, and deformation of the limbal and pre-limbal regions dominated these responses respectively with over 90% (N-T) and 60% (S-I) of the total maximum displacement occurring in these regions indicating high-strain. In contrast, the curvature of the central cornea remained relatively unchanged merely translating in position.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The limbal and pre-limbal regions of the cornea appear to be fundamental to the absorption of small pressure fluctuations facilitating the curvature of the central cornea to remain relatively unchanged. The differential mechanical properties of this region could have important implications for the application of corneal surgery and corneal crosslinking, warranting further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s40662-020-00207-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38300839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA-184 negatively regulates corneal epithelial wound healing via targeting <i>CDC25A</i>, <i>CARM1</i>, and <i>LASP1</i>.","authors":"Qiongjie Cao,&nbsp;Weiwei Xu,&nbsp;Weiwei Chen,&nbsp;Dewei Peng,&nbsp;Qi Liu,&nbsp;Jing Dong,&nbsp;Peter S Reinach,&nbsp;Dongsheng Yan","doi":"10.1186/s40662-020-00202-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-020-00202-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in corneal development and functional homeostasis. Our previous study identified miR-184 as one of the most highly expressed miRNAs in the corneal epithelium. Even though its expression level plummeted dramatically during corneal epithelial wound healing (CEWH), its precise role in mediating corneal epithelial renewal was unresolved. The present study aimed to reveal the function and mechanism of miR-184 in regulating CEWH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Quantitative RT-PCR analysis characterized the miR-184 expression pattern during CEWH in mice. Ectopic miR-184 injection determined its effect on this process in vivo. We evaluated the effects of miR-184 and its target genes on the proliferation, cell cycle, and migration of human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) using MTS, flow cytometry, and wound-healing assay, respectively. Bioinformatic analysis, in conjunction with gene microarray analysis and cell-based luciferase assays, pinpointed gene targets of miR-184 contributing to CEWH.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MiR-184 underwent marked downregulation during mouse CEWH. Ectopic miR-184 overexpression delayed this process in mice. Furthermore, miR-184 transfection into HCECs significantly inhibited cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and cell migration. MiR-184 directly targeted <i>CDC25A</i>, <i>CARM1</i>, and <i>LASP1</i>, and downregulated their expression in HCECs. CARM1 downregulation inhibited both HCEC proliferation and migration, whereas a decrease in LASP1 gene expression only inhibited migration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results demonstrate that miR-184 inhibits corneal epithelial cell proliferation and migration via targeting <i>CDC25A</i>, <i>CARM1</i>, and <i>LASP1</i>, suggesting it acts as a negative modulator during CEWH. Therefore, identifying strategies to suppress miR-184 expression levels has the potential to promote CEWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s40662-020-00202-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38249167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual quality of juvenile myopes wearing multifocal soft contact lenses.","authors":"Xiaopeng Huang,&nbsp;Feifu Wang,&nbsp;Zhiyi Lin,&nbsp;Yifan He,&nbsp;Shuyun Wen,&nbsp;Ling Zhou,&nbsp;Fan Lu,&nbsp;Jun Jiang","doi":"10.1186/s40662-020-00204-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-020-00204-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is unclear whether multifocal soft contact lenses (MFSCLs) affect visual quality when they are used for myopia control in juvenile myopes. The aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate the effect of MFSCLs on visual quality among juvenile myopia subjects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a prospective, intervention study, thirty-three juvenile myopes were enrolled. Visual perception was assessed by a quality of vision (QoV) questionnaire with spectacles at baseline and after 1 month of MFSCL wear. At the one-month visit, the high (96%) contrast distance visual acuity (distance HCVA) and low (10%) contrast distance visual acuity (distance LCVA) were measured with single vision spectacle lenses, single vision soft contact lenses (SVSCLs) and MFSCLs in a random order. Wavefront aberrations were measured with SVSCLs, with MFSCLs, and without any correction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Neither distance HCVA (<i>p</i> > 0.05) nor distance LCVA (<i>p</i> > 0.05) revealed any significant difference between MFSCLs, SVSCLs and single vision spectacle lenses. The overall score (the sum of ten symptoms) of the QoV questionnaire did not show a statistically significant difference between spectacles at baseline and after 1 month of MFSCL wear (<i>p</i> = 0.357). The results showed that the frequency (<i>p</i> < 0.001), severity (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and bothersome degree (<i>p</i> = 0.016) of halos were significantly worse when wearing MFSCLs than when wearing single vision spectacle lenses. In contrast, the bothersome degree caused by focusing difficulty (<i>p</i> = 0.046) and the frequency of difficulty in judging distance or depth perception (<i>p</i> = 0.046) were better when wearing MFSCLs than when wearing single vision spectacle lenses. Compared with the naked eye, MFSCLs increased the total aberrations (<i>p</i> < 0.001), higher-order aberrations (<i>p</i> < 0.001), trefoil (<i>p</i> = 0.023), coma aberrations (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and spherical aberrations (SA) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Compared with the SVSCLs, MFSCLs increased the total aberrations (<i>p</i> < 0.001), higher-order aberrations (<i>p</i> < 0.001), coma aberrations (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and SA (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The direction of SA was more positive (<i>p</i> < 0.001) with the MFSCLs and more negative (<i>p</i> = 0.001) with the SVSCLs compared with the naked eye.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Wearing MFSCLs can provide satisfactory corrected visual acuity (both distance HCVA and distance LCVA). Although the lenses increased the aberrations, such as total aberrations and higher-order aberrations, there were few adverse effects on the distance HCVA, distance LCVA and visual perception after 1 month of MFSCL use.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR-OOC-17012103. Registered 23 July 2017, http://www.chictr.org.cn/usercenter.aspx.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s40662-020-00204-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38189759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}