Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists最新文献

{"title":"A Survey of Sports Concussion Specialists' Clinical Criteria to Determine Concussion Recovery.","authors":"Rosemarie Scolaro Moser, Kaitlin E Riegler, Connor Uhrig, Daniel M Choi, Steven Broglio, Bridget Mayer, Adrian Boltz, Christina L Master, Phillip Schatz","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acag016","DOIUrl":"10.1093/arclin/acag016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We sought to identify criteria used by sports concussion specialists in determining recovery from sport-related concussion. We hypothesized differences in decision-making criteria among three specialist groups, neuropsychologists, physicians, and certified athletic trainers (ATCs), for youth athletes and young adult/adult athletes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We surveyed 156 sports concussion specialists (neuropsychologists = 46, physicians = 42, and ATCs = 68) who rated the importance of specific criteria for determining concussion recovery in youth and young adult/adult athletes. Differences between these specialist groups were examined with Kruskal-Wallis tests. Modal ratings for each age group by specialist were also examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were significant differences (all p < .001) in criteria ratings across specialist groups regarding youth and young adults/adults for \"use of neurocognitive test scores,\" \"balance testing,\" \"physical examination,\" \"no symptom provocation with neurocognitive testing,\" \"athlete report of anxiety about return to sport,\" and \"family member's report of recovery.\" For both age groups, physicians ranked \"use of neurocognitive test scores\" and \"no symptom provocation with neurocognitive testing\" as less important than other providers, while \"physician examination\" was ranked as more important. Neuropsychologists ranked \"balance testing\" and \"athlete report of anxiety about return to sport\" as less important than other providers, and ATCs ranked \"family member's report of recovery\" as less important than other providers. Modal ratings provided more detail.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results advance understanding of multidisciplinary standards of care in determining recovery from sports concussion and suggest the importance of collaboration in establishing clinical criteria common to all sports concussion health care providers.</p>","PeriodicalId":520564,"journal":{"name":"Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147319290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Performance on the Hayling and Brixton tests in older adults: Norms and correlates.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acaf117","DOIUrl":"10.1093/arclin/acaf117","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520564,"journal":{"name":"Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13016976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Neuropsychology Knowledge Base of Publicly Available Large Language Models.","authors":"Oscar R Kronenberger, Matthew Hutnyan, Alyssa N Kaser, Leah Bullinger, Laura H Lacritz, C Munro Cullum","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acaf112","DOIUrl":"10.1093/arclin/acaf112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Assess the neuropsychology knowledge base of open-access large language models (LLMs) and inform potential applications in the field.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We obtained 600 multiple-choice practice questions from the \"Be Ready for ABPP in Neuropsychology\" website of the American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology. We tested OpenAI (GPT-3.5, GPT-4, o3-mini-high) and Google (Gemini 1.0, 2.0 Flash Thinking Experimental [FTE]) models in two trials (T1: used 20-question blocks, T2: single-item re-administration of incorrect questions during T1). We compared AI-estimated to actual accuracy using a paired-samples t-test, while binomial logit generalized linear mixed-effects models (GLMMs) with a random intercept for item compared LLMs and item-level predictors (domain of practice, word count, position-in-block, and higher/lower order question type). Finally, we thematically analyzed the questions missed by the top models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OpenAI o3-mini-high demonstrated the highest accuracy (T1:87.0%, T2:90.3%), followed by Gemini 2.0 FTE (T1:81.7%, T2:88.7%), GPT-4 (T1:74.0%, T2:85.5%), GPT-3.5 (T1:62.5%), and Gemini 1.0 (T1:52.3%). On average, LLMs overestimated their accuracy by 15.8% (87.3% vs. 71.5%, p < .001). In the GLMMs, specific LLM (p < .001) and practice domain (p = .045) were the only significant predictors of accuracy. Chain-of-thought \"reasoning\" models outperformed older models (p < .001) but displayed inaccuracies pertaining to aspects of neuropsychological testing and interpretation, diagnostic reasoning, clinical decision making, and neuroanatomy/neuroimaging.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chain-of-thought \"reasoning\" models displayed the highest accuracy, suggesting they may have utility in neuropsychology education, research, and clinical practice. However, the LLMs displayed persistent neuropsychology content area weaknesses and tended to present inaccurate information with confidence, highlighting the need for caution when interpreting LLM output.</p>","PeriodicalId":520564,"journal":{"name":"Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145710427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disrupting the Frontal Aslant Tract: Network Evidence for Speech Initiation Deficits in a Non-Anglophone Stroke Survivor.","authors":"Majd A AbuAlrob, Khaled Zammar, Fatima Mallat, Nadin Abuozied, Ahmad Elsotouhy, Rand Abdellatif, Tarneem Azzam, Suhail Hussein","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acag017","DOIUrl":"10.1093/arclin/acag017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The frontal aslant tract (FAT) is a direct cortico-cortical intra-frontal pathway linking the inferior frontal gyrus with the pre-supplementary and supplementary motor areas and is implicated in speech initiation and verbal fluency. However, much of the available evidence regarding its role in speech production derives from studies in English-speaking populations, which may limit the generalizability of these findings to underrepresented languages and linguistic contexts.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a 74-year-old Arabic-speaking man who developed acute non-fluent aphasia following a left frontal infarct. Neurological examination demonstrated near-complete speech arrest with relative preservation of receptive language abilities and orofacial praxis, and without limb weakness. MRI localized the lesion to the pars opercularis/middle frontal junction, and diffusion tensor imaging demonstrated focal discontinuity of the left FAT with preservation of the right homolog. Confrontation naming could not be assessed due to the complete absence of verbal output. This clinical-anatomical dissociation, marked impairment of speech initiation in the context of relatively preserved receptive and buccofacial motor functions, supports a critical role of the left FAT in initiating propositional speech.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case provides tract-level evidence that selective FAT disruption can result in profound deficits in speech initiation while sparing posterior language networks, reinforcing network-based models of language production. These findings underscore the importance of anatomically informed and linguistically inclusive diagnostic and rehabilitation approaches for non-Anglophone populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":520564,"journal":{"name":"Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147319348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concussion in the Wild: Clinical Utility of Ambulatory Assessment of Symptoms and Everyday Exposures in Adolescents and Adults with Concussion.","authors":"Kori J Durfee, R J Elbin, Melissa N Womble, Sabrina Jennings, Christina M Dollar, Philip Schatz, Daniel B Elbich, Jonathan G Hakun","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acaf111","DOIUrl":"10.1093/arclin/acaf111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the degree of correspondence between ecological momentary assessment (EMA) symptom ratings and cognitive performance derived from the Mobile Neurocognitive Health Project (MNCH) and clinic-based standard-of-care assessments in adolescents and adults with concussion. Environmental exposures, avoidance behavior, and symptom reactivity data were documented, and the clinical utility of the MNCH protocol for predicting protracted recovery was examined.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>89 patients (13-25 yrs) with concussion enrolled in the MNCH study on their smartphones within one week of injury. Participants completed four brief surveys per day for a 7-day period. The surveys included assessments of environmental exposures, avoidance of symptom-provoking environments, symptom ratings, ultra-brief performance-based cognitive assessments, and ratings of symptom reactivity to the surveys and cognitive assessments. The primary criteria used for determining the utility of EMA-based data were the degree of correspondence with in-clinic symptom ratings and cognitive performance, and the ability of EMA-based measures to predict risk for protracted recovery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Symptom scores and cognitive performance outcomes obtained via EMA were significantly associated with in-clinic symptom ratings (PCSS) and computerized neurocognitive testing (ImPACT). Multiple logistic modeling results indicated that EMA total symptom scores were stronger predictors of protracted recovery than in-clinic symptom ratings. Additionally, ratings of avoidance behavior and reactivity to the EMA surveys and assessments were significantly associated with protracted recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Valid estimates of concussion symptoms may be obtained via remote, unsupervised, high-frequency assessment. In addition to EMA-based symptom scores, avoidance behavior and symptom reactivity may yield prognostic information about risk for protracted recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":520564,"journal":{"name":"Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13368860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145728168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early impairment of narrative discourse complexity in Parkinson's disease without mild cognitive impairment.","authors":"María García Pérez, Antonieta Nieto, Iván Galtier","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acag024","DOIUrl":"10.1093/arclin/acag024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have an increased risk of dementia. Identifying cognitive changes that could be present from the early stages of the disease, or which increase the risk of PD-MCI or dementia development is a highly relevant challenge. To date, investigations focusing on narrative discourse in PD-MCI are extremely scarce. The objective of this research was to investigate narrative discourse with the Cookie Theft (CT) picture in patients with PD, with and without MCI, in addition to other classical measures of language production. Moreover, the authors explore which components of language production are associated with the progression of neurological impairment and the diagnosis of MCI.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This observational study included 27 patients, classified as PD with and without MCI, and 24 controls who were evaluated with a set of linguistic instruments, including the CT picture, verbal fluency test (phonemic and semantic) and naming task.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both PD groups showed a greater number of simple clauses and lower scores in multiclausal utterances and in the complexity index, suggesting decreased discourse complexity. PD-MCI performed poorly in naming and semantic fluency compared to controls. CT picture performance was independent of neurological impairment (Hoehn and Yahr Stage) and global cognition (Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test), in contrast to naming and verbal fluency.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Impairment in narrative discourse in PD can be present regardless of cognitive status and degree of neurological impairment, in contrast to other language production difficulties, which are associated with MCI diagnosis and disease progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":520564,"journal":{"name":"Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147679941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NeBa - Neglect battery: updated norms, new scores, and guidelines of a neuropsychological battery for the assessment of unilateral spatial neglect and associated disorders.","authors":"Francesca Crespi, Irene Rossi, Lorenzo Diana, Paola Fortis, Giuseppe Vallar, Nadia Bolognini, Roberta Ronchi","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acag018","DOIUrl":"10.1093/arclin/acag018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Neuropsychological tests of visuo-spatial exploration, line bisection, and drawing are typically employed for diagnosing unilateral spatial neglect (USN), but updated norms, including those for left and right biases, are still lacking. This study aims to standardize administration and scoring of the most widely used USN tests, providing regression-based norms and equivalent scores (ES) of a comprehensive set of old and new visuo-spatial indexes. These include asymmetry in the allocentric and egocentric spaces, execution times, as well as measures of productive symptoms (e.g., perseverations) and constructional apraxia in an Italian sample.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 270 neurologically healthy participants (139 females, mean age: 60.57 ± 12.79 years) completed a neuropsychological battery including line bisection, line/star/geometrical item cancellations, copy of simple and complex drawings, the clock drawing test, and a new representational neglect test. Multiple regressions estimated the effects of age, education, and gender. Non-parametric tolerance limits and ES were calculated on ranked adjusted scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regression analyses showed significant influences of age and education across tasks; both predicted execution time and spatial asymmetry in cancellations, constructional apraxia in drawings, and clock drawing accuracy. Education specifically predicted perseverations in cancellations, while age specifically predicted cancellation accuracy and perseverations in drawing tasks. Gender only influenced line bisection and, along with age and education, accuracy in the butterfly memory test.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This work provides updated norms for standard and novel visuo-spatial indexes in the assessment of USN and associated disorders, with standardized procedures to guide clinical assessment and support neglect rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520564,"journal":{"name":"Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13011807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147518035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-establishing and refining baseline neuropsychological test data among professional hockey players: part 1 - primary language based normative values and language-based differences.","authors":"Ruben J Echemendia, Kaitlin E Riegler, Willem Meeuwisse, Kimberly G Harmon, Paul Comper, J Scott Delaney, Michael G Hutchison, Jared Bruce","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acag025","DOIUrl":"10.1093/arclin/acag025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To create contemporary, culturally responsive paper-and-pencil (PnP) baseline reference values for evaluating concussed National Hockey League (NHL) players.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Players were stratified by language groups then randomly selected from club rosters to complete the NHL/NHL Players' Association (NHLPA) PnP test battery during 2022-2023 and 2023-2024 pre-season training camps (oversampling Primary Non-English Language Speakers; PNELS). The final sample consisted of 305 players: 114 Primary English Language Speakers (PELS) and 191 PNELS. Using these samples, language specific normative data were created.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall significant test score differences were observed between language groups on: Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R; HVLT-R Total, HVLT-R Delay), Symbol Digit Modality Test (SDMT)-Total Correct, Verbal Fluency, Trails B, Digit Span Forward/Backward. In contrast, Brief Visual Motor Test-Revised (BVMT-R) scores were generally consistent across language groups. Most pairwise differences were observed between PELS and PNELS players. Differences with small to medium effects were also observed between NHL 2024 Renorming data and NHL-Specific Legacy normative data collected between 1997-2000. Differences with medium to large effects were seen between PNELS reference values and published English language general population normative data.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results underscore the importance of considering primary language fluency/preference when interpreting performance on commonly used PnP tests. Comparisons of renormed scores to legacy data suggest periodic renorming may be beneficial. Additionally, medium to large differences between PNELS and population-based English-language normative values suggest that it may not always be appropriate to use English-language normative data with individuals for whom English is not their primary/preferred language.</p>","PeriodicalId":520564,"journal":{"name":"Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147701824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Metacognitive Profiles in Relapsing-Remitting and Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: Associations with Fatigue, Cognition, and Perceived Disability.","authors":"Ozlem Totuk, Merve Turkkol, Hasan Can Gudek, Ipek Gungor Dogan, Damla Cetinkaya Tezer, Sevki Sahin, Serkan Demir","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acaf119","DOIUrl":"10.1093/arclin/acaf119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined metacognitive belief profiles in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) and their associations with cognitive, emotional, and functional outcomes. Specifically, we compared relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), secondary progressive MS (SPMS), and primary progressive MS (PPMS) to determine whether distinct metacognitive patterns characterize different disease phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 504 participants (75.6% RRMS, 9.9% SPMS, 14.5% PPMS) were recruited from a neurology clinic. Participants completed the Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS), Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Short Form-12 (SF-12), and Occupational Self-Assessment (OSA). Group differences were examined using ANOVA, correlations via Pearson coefficients, and hierarchical and ordinal regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Progressive phenotypes, particularly PPMS, showed significantly higher maladaptive metacognitive beliefs than RRMS. RRMS individuals exhibited greater cognitive self-consciousness and need for control, whereas PPMS was associated with lower cognitive confidence and stronger negative beliefs about uncontrollability. No subtype differences emerged in positive beliefs. Maladaptive metacognition correlated with lower cognitive performance, greater fatigue, depressive symptoms, reduced quality of life, and lower self-efficacy. In regression models, depression was the strongest negative predictor of self-efficacy, while cognitive self-consciousness was a positive predictor. Clinical and psychological variables together explained 60% of the variance in self-efficacy. Metacognitive beliefs and fatigue also predicted higher neurological disability (EDSS).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Metacognitive belief patterns differ across MS phenotypes and significantly impact both functional and neurological outcomes. These findings support incorporating metacognitive assessment into routine MS care and underscore the need for tailored psychological interventions addressing cognitive-emotional regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520564,"journal":{"name":"Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145859806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescents Who Are Overweight or Obese Exhibit Weaker Spatial and Verbal Working Memory Compared with Healthy-Weight Peers.","authors":"Leonor García-Gómez, Cesar Romero-Rebollar, Guillaume Ferreira, Lucile Capuron, Ruth Gutiérrez-Aguilar, Salvador Villalpando-Carrión, Gustavo Pacheco-López","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acag015","DOIUrl":"10.1093/arclin/acag015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies link obesity to neurophysiological changes, however cognitive outcomes in adolescents who are overweight or obese, especially with their eating behavior, require further documentation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the association between body mass index (BMI), eating behavior, and cognitive performance in Mexican adolescents.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Urban Mexican adolescents completed CANTAB tasks assessing spatial memory (PAL: Paired Associates Learning; SSP: Spatial Span), verbal memory (VRM: Verbal Recognition Memory), and emotional recognition (ERT: Emotion Recognition Task), as well as eating behavior measures. Cognitive performance was compared between normal-weight and overweight and obesity groups. Hierarchical regressions tested BMI and eating disorder symptoms as predictors of cognition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overweight and obesity group showed significantly poorer performance on PAL and SSP. Multivariate analyses revealed BMI, sex, and age predicted PAL, SSP, and VRM performance. Eating behavior differed by weight group, but only eating disorder symptoms predicted cognition. Neither BMI nor eating behavior predicted ERT performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Spatial working memory is weaker in adolescents who are overweight or obese. Higher BMI also relates to poorer verbal memory, expanding known executive function deficits. Overall, these data reinforce the evidence on the negative effects of hyperadiposity on cognitive performance in adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":520564,"journal":{"name":"Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13017745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147489294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}