Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine最新文献

{"title":"Cerebral Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis: the Role of Neuroglia and Associated Factors (Review).","authors":"A E Khrulev, O M Chernova, V N Grigoryeva, N A Shiianova, N S Khruleva, I V Mukhina","doi":"10.17691/stm2026.18.1.05","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2026.18.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD), which often requires maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), represents a model of accelerated aging. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying cerebral neurodegeneration (CND) and cognitive impairment (CI) in patients undergoing MHD is of particular importance. Brain damage in patients with end-stage CKD is considered a multicomponent process associated with the impact of cerebrovascular, neurodegenerative, and numerous dysmetabolic factors. Special attention is given to CND mechanisms mediated by the activation of microglia and astrocytes. The high prevalence of CI in the general population and especially among patients with end-stage CKD undergoing MHD determines the need to clarify CND risk factors and biomarkers. Furthermore, it is essential to explore therapeutic targets, as well as modifiable modern strategies and technologies aimed at slowing the CND progression. This review synthesizes data on the role of neuroglia and associated factors in the development of CND and CI in MHD patients. It presents the mechanisms and factors affecting neuroglia and involved in the pathogenesis of CND and CI. Particular focus is placed on chronic systemic inflammation, the effects of uremic toxins, and the activation of the cerebral renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. The article studies such chronic systemic inflammatory factors associated with neuroglia as protein S100B, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and fibrinogen. Experimental and clinical data investigating the impact of uremic toxins (indoxyl sulfate, p-cresol sulfate, and imidazole propionate) on microglia and astrocytes, as well as the activation of the cerebral renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, are analyzed. Potential further clinical research fields aimed at slowing the CND and CI progression in this patient population are highlighted.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"18 1","pages":"54-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13003590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147501541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation by Ascorbic Acid and HOO• Radicals of Extracellular DNA Network Formation and Internalization Activity of Mononuclear Cells.","authors":"K M Fiallos Barrionuevo, D Sanogo, E N Gorshkova, I P Ivanova","doi":"10.17691/stm2026.18.3.05","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2026.18.3.05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>The aim of the study</b> was to identify the regulatory potential of ascorbic acid and HOO• radicals in the formation of extracellular DNA networks and the internalization activity of mononuclear cells from rat blood and spleen.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The isolated mononuclear cells from rat blood and spleen were exposed to ascorbic acid (10 and 50 μM), hydroperoxyl radicals (HOO•), and their combination. The following parameters were assessed: membrane toxicity (using the trypan blue exclusion test), internalization activity with latex particles (endocytosis), extracellular DNA networks formation, intracellular reactive oxygen species production kinetics (flow cytometry with the intracellular fluorescent probe dihydrorhodamine 123, DHR123), tryptophan fluorescence, glycated protein levels, and cellular redox balance (NAD+ and NADH).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ascorbic acid at the concentrations of 10 and 50 μM suppressed the formation of extracellular DNA networks. At a concentration of 50 μM, it exerted a membrane-toxic effect, reduced tryptophan fluorescence, increased glycated protein levels, and shifted the redox balance toward oxidation (increased NAD+ and decreased NADH). HOO• radicals at concentrations ≥200 μM demonstrated concentration-dependent effects: stimulation of endocytosis, increased formation of extracellular DNA networks, and elevated intracellular production of reactive oxygen species. At a concentration of 600 μM, HOO• radicals reduced tryptophan fluorescence and depleted both NAD+ and NADH levels. The stimulatory effects on endocytosis and extracellular DNA network formation in response to HOO• radicals were the most pronounced in splenic mononuclear cells.The analysis of the combined action of HOO• radicals and ascorbic acid showed that ascorbic acid at a concentration of 10 μM protected cells from the membrane-toxic effects of HOO• radicals and reduced the formation of extracellular DNA networks induced by HOO• radicals. The ascorbic acid at a concentration of 50 μM enhanced the membrane-toxic effect of HOO• radicals and reduced the internalization activity of mononuclear cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HOO• radicals at concentrations ≥200 μM stimulated the internalization activity of mononuclear cells and the intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species, whereas HOO• radicals at 600 μM caused a decrease in both oxidized and reduced coenzyme levels and increased the formation of extracellular DNA networks. Ascorbic acid at a concentration of 10 μM exhibited antioxidant properties and protected cells from the damaging effects of HOO• radicals, while at 50 μM it acted as a synergistic pro-oxidant, enhancing the membrane-toxic effect of the radicals and reducing the internalization activity of cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"18 3","pages":"47-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13410877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148623631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Suitability Evaluation of Radioimmunoconjugates of Nanobodies against PD-L1 and HER2/neu for Tumor Theranostics.","authors":"K O Avrov, S V Shatik, O A Shashkova, A A Pinevich, L A Terekhina, I V Gryazeva, V V Zaitsev, M A Berlina, A A Stanzhevsky, M P Samoylovich","doi":"10.17691/stm2026.18.2.03","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2026.18.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>The aim of the study</b> was to evaluate the applicability of radioimmunoconjugates (RIC) of nanobodies against PD-L1 and HER2/ neu for the diagnosis and therapy of malignant tumors.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The nanobodies to human biomarkers PD-L1 and HER2/neu were conjugated with radionuclides ⁶⁸Ga and ¹⁷⁷Lu using the chelating agent DOTA. RIC biodistribution was studied in experimental models on F1 (DBA/2xBALB/c) mice, which were inoculated with genetically modified CT26 murine carcinoma cells expressing human PD-L1 or HER2/neu. RICs containing the isotope ⁶⁸Ga and intended for tumor detection were administered to animals intravenously at a dose of 1.0-1.2 MBq. In 0.5, 1.5, and 4 h the radioactivity accumulation in specific tumors carrying human biomarkers was assessed using direct dosimetry compared with control tumors. RICs containing ¹⁷⁷Lu were administered for therapy at a dose of 0.8-1.6 MBq, and studied similarly for 96 h after administration. <b>Results.</b> After RICs containing ⁶⁸Ga were administered to mice, the greatest difference between specific and control tumors was observed in 1.5 h. At the same time, there was a multiple excess of the specific tumor radioactivity over the blood and muscle tissue radioactivity, which should provide high contrast imaging. After administering RICs containing ¹⁷⁷Lu to mice, the radioactivity in specific tumors persisted for 48 h producing a long-term effect of the radioisotope on the tumor. With the introduction of all RICs, there was a rapid elimination of radioactivity from the blood through urine, which was associated with the use of nanobodies with a molecular weight of 13 kDa and not containing sites of interaction with Fc receptors. There were found the significant accumulation and long-term retention of radioactivity in the kidneys. The work revealed a dependence of the radioactivity biodistribution on the isotope used: the time-normalized radioactivity of some organs and tissues, including tumors, after the administration of RICs containing ⁶⁸Ga appeared to be higher than after administering the RICs of the same specificity, but containing ¹⁷⁷Lu radioisotopes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicated the functional suitability of the pairs of RIC nanobodies with ⁶⁸Ga and ¹⁷⁷Lu radioisotopes for theranostics of malignant tumors expressing PD-L1 and HER2/neu biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"18 2","pages":"24-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13178089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147966799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of the Nitinol Framework of an Aortic Valve Bioprosthesis Using Numerical Simulation.","authors":"S V Vladimirov, Yu M Prikhodko, V V Khakhalkin, V P Borodin, A B Mochalova, A V Bogachev-Prokofiev","doi":"10.17691/stm2026.18.4.02","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2026.18.4.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The application of numerical analysis methods when developing novel heart valve bioprostheses is an integral stage of their design; it enables to optimize the bioprosthetic construction and accelerate their development process. <b>The aim of the study</b> was to conduct hydrodynamic tests of a prototype of a self-expandable transcatheter aortic valve bioprosthesis and, based on the findings, using numerical simulation, improve the geometry of the bioprosthetic nitinol frame.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study investigated an aortic valve bioprosthesis with a self-expanding nitinol frame and the leaflet apparatus of three biological leaflets fixed to the frame through the holes in the commissural posts. The bioprosthesis was tested on a test bench to evaluate the hydrodynamic characteristics of heart valve prostheses. A computer model of the valve frame was created for a finite element analysis in the COMSOL Multiphysics software environment, and validated based on the observed deformations of the bioprosthesis in a full-scale experiment. The obtained model was used for parametric optimization of the commissural post geometry to reduce their deformities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bench hydrodynamic tests revealed significant deformities of the bioprosthetic commissural posts (bending up to 5 mm) in leaflet closure under diastolic pressure. The numerical simulation using the finite element method enabled to precise the load on the posts (1.3 N instead of 1.52 N according to preliminary calculations). Based on the results obtained, an optimized frame design was developed with increased width and thickness of the beams in the area of commissural posts (from 0.3 to 0.5 mm and from 0.4 to 0.5 mm, respectively). Finite element analysis showed the suggested modification to significantly increase the structural stiffness, reducing the deformation value to 0.7 mm under the load of 1.3 N.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The suggested approach to the application of numerical simulation demonstrated its effectiveness for optimizing the design of the nitinol frame of a transcatheter aortic valve bioprosthesis. The suggested modification of the commissural post geometry significantly reduced their deformity under the hydrodynamic load on the valve, which contributed to the preservation of the leaflet coaptation, reduced the risk of paravalvular regurgitation and prosthesis dislocation. The findings demonstrate the promise of using numerical simulation methods at a bioprosthetic design stage enabling to reduce the number of necessary physical prototypes and accelerate the development process.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"18 4","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13602026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149042912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Capabilities of Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Morphometry to Diagnose Complex Cases of Focal Cortical Dysplasia (Pilot Study).","authors":"A M Shevchenko, N Y Alsahanova, E L Pogosbekyan, A I Batalov, N E Elagina, A A Kopaneva, A V Bernstein, M G Sharaev, I N Pronin","doi":"10.17691/stm2026.18.4.03","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2026.18.4.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a leading cause of pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Up to 30-50% of cases remain MRI-negative on routine visual assessment. MR morphometry improves dysplasia detection; however, conventional approaches are limited to the analysis of T1-weighted images and only two features (gray-white matter blurring and cortical thickness abnormalities). <b>The aim of the study</b> was to compare the diagnostic efficiency of the conventional T1-based two-feature algorithm and a multimodal multi-feature algorithm incorporating machine learning.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study included four patients with histologically verified FCD (2 patients with type I and 2 patients with type IIB according to the Blümcke classification). All patients underwent MRI using the HARNESS protocol. MR morphometry was performed using two independent algorithms.The conventional method included FreeSurfer-based assessment of 2 features (the analysis of cortical thickening and gray-white matter boundary blurring) on T1-weighted images.The multimodal morphometric algorithm incorporated T1/T2-weighted images and FLAIR, and included the following features: gray-white matter transition abnormalities on T1, T2, and T2-FLAIR images (Blurring_T1/T2/FLAIR); detection of local T2- and FLAIR-hyperintense signal abnormalities (CR_T2/FLAIR); assessment of FLAIR intensity distribution heterogeneity to identify blurred boundaries or the transmantle sign (Variance); measurement of signal irregularity on FLAIR images to detect the regions of increased contrast (Entropy). Machine learning models integrating all extracted features were used to generate final FCD prediction maps (MLP and XGBoost).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In two cases, where FCD had typical T1-signs (cortical thickening or well-defined demarcation impairment), both algorithms demonstrated equal diagnostic performance. In the third case, the classical approach failed to detect pathology, since only T1-weighted images were analyzed, whereas the multimodal approach enabled to identify dysplastic areas (only T2/FLAIR images showed the changes). In the fourth case, the conventional algorithm detected a single lesion, while the multimodal algorithm identified an additional second lesion, which influenced the surgical treatment strategy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Multimodal MR morphometry with artificial intelligence outperforms the conventional approach in complex cases (MRI-negative and multifocal lesions) and should be considered an important supplementary technique in preoperative planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"18 4","pages":"22-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13602025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149043047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Potential of New Systemic Inflammation Markers (MLR, SIRI, CAR, dNLR, ALB/dNLR) in Predicting the Severity of Pathogenic Signs of Rheumatoid Arthritis.","authors":"E G Pukhaeva, A K Badtiev, S G Dzgoev, F E Salamova, A V Alborova","doi":"10.17691/stm2026.18.2.04","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2026.18.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>The aim of the study</b> was to histologically validate the diagnostic potential of new systemic inflammation biomarkers (MLR, SIRI, CAR, dNLR, ALB/dNLR) in assessing the severity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) induced in warm-blooded animals with genetically determined resistance to hypoxia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An autoimmune RA model (experimental groups) was induced by subcutaneous injection of complete Freund's adjuvant into the right hind limbs of 8-month-old male rats of strains with high (HR/SmY) and low (LR/SmY) resistance to hypoxia. Rats in the control groups received only the solvent. After 35 days, blood was collected from the hearts of all the rats. To calculate the new inflammation biomarkers - CAR, ALB/dNLR, SIRI, dNLR, NC/LC, and MLR - the following laboratory parameters were used: ALB (albumin), CRP (C-reactive protein), MC (monocytes), LC (lymphocytes), and NC (neutrophils). The effectiveness of disease severity assessment using these biomarkers was determined based on histological examination of plantar sections of the tarsal and metatarsophalangeal joints of control and experimental rats.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genetically determined resistance to hypoxia is an important factor in the onset of the pathogenetic RA mechanisms. Low hypoxia resistance was associated with more severe connective tissue pathology compared to high resistance: LR/HR - 164 points/113 points, p≤0.05. The severity of pathomorphological RA changes (considering the organism's resistance to hypoxia), identified histologically (cartilage degeneration: LR/HR - 29 points/18 points, p≤0.01; general joint inflammation: LR/HR - 37 points/26 points, p≤0.01; osteolysis: LR/HR - 6 points/0 points, p≤0.01), was most effectively reflected by the following integral inflammation indices: CAR (LR/HR - 11.55·10^-6 units/12.73·10^-6 units), ALB/dNLR (LR/HR - 86.93 units/78.51 units), and SIRI (LR/HR - 0.14 units/ 0.19 units).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The severity of pathomorphological RA signs depends on genetically determined resistance to hypoxia. For effective prediction of the disease, risk of complications, and treatment efficacy, it is advisable to use the new systemic inflammation biomarkers CAR, ALB/dNLR, and SIRI.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"18 2","pages":"39-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13178091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147966752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency of Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks in Small Medical Samples (Case Study of 2D Brain MRI Image Segmentation).","authors":"G Yu Manzhos, I V Tomilov, V V Goncharov, K S Yashin","doi":"10.17691/stm2026.18.2.01","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2026.18.2.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>The aim of the study</b> was to evaluate the efficiency of the KANU-Net 2D architecture based on U-Net in medical segmentation tasks of 2D brain MRI images on BraTS dataset with a limited number of training samples.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The experiments were carried out using the subsamples containing 50, 100, and 150 images. The study described the data preprocessing steps, including normalization, gamma correction, cropping, and augmentation. A combination of Dice loss and BCE loss was used as a loss function. The network was optimized using AdamW. The network operation performance was evaluated using Accuracy and Dice coefficient for each region and its mean Dice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>KANU-Net 2D was experimentally demonstrated to achieve competitive performance comparable to current SOTA models of convolutional neural networks when trained on small samples. Specifically, the mean Dice coefficient reached 0.851 when using 100 training samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The conducted studies showed KANU-Net 2D network to outperform the Med-DANet segmentation model both in terms of a mean value and region classes. The model effectiveness for different tumor regions highlighted the ability of the KAN-based (Kolmogorov-Arnold network) approach to adapt to various image characteristics in medical segmentation tasks. The obtained results demonstrated the undeniable promise of applying KAN for medical image segmentation in small samples and can lay the foundation for further research in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"18 2","pages":"5-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13178090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147966811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"16S rRNA Metabarcoding Used to Identify the Etiology of Infective Endocarditis Agents.","authors":"A V Sinitskaya, A E Kostunin, M V Khutornaya, A O Poddubnyak, O N Hryachkova, M A Asanov, A E Tupikin, M R Kabilov, A N Stasev, M Y Sinitsky","doi":"10.17691/stm2026.18.1.04","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2026.18.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>The aim of the study</b> was to estimate the efficiency of identifying bacterial agents in native cardiac valves affected by infective endocarditis using 16S rRNA metabarcoding.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study material involved 20 native cardiac valve samples from 16 patients. Sequencing was carried out in the Center for Collective Use \"Genomics\" (Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia) on a sequenator MiSeq (Illumina, USA) using MiSeq Reagent Kit v3 (2×300 bp; Illumina, USA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed major microorganisms (their portion in the sample under study was over 5% from all identified bacterial agents) belonging to <i>Streptococcus</i> (40% of all valves studied), <i>Sphingomonas</i> (35%), <i>Pseudomonas</i> (35%), <i>Roseateles</i> (25%), <i>Phyllobacterium</i> (25%), and <i>Enterococcus</i> (15%). Moreover, the studied valves were found to have rare cases of <i>Ralstonia pickettii</i>, as well as <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Klebsiella</i> representatives.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings demonstrated the efficiency of 16S rRNA metabarcoding in identifying bacterial agents compared to routine noninvasive diagnostic methods. Native cardiac valves isolated from the patients with infective endocarditis were characterized by numerous opportunistic pathogenic bacteria in negative blood cultures.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"18 1","pages":"45-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13003589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147501574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Portable Bioprinter in Ischemic Wound Therapy: a Pilot Study.","authors":"D P Revokatova, Y I Khristidis, A L Fayzullin, B P Ershov, D I Larionov, I V Nesterenko, A I Shpichka, P S Timashev","doi":"10.17691/stm2026.18.1.02","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2026.18.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>The aim of the study</b> was to develop a novel approach to treatment of non-healing wounds by using a portable Biogan bioprinter and an ink based on fibrin-gelatin hydrogel and spheroids derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from adipose tissue in a model of ischemic pig wound.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>To simulate the wound, titanium sealing rings were used, which mechanically compressed the skin to create a local ischemic wound. A day after, the rings were removed, and the epidermis of the skin was excised. The wound was treated one day and 2 weeks after the wound infliction. For this purpose, a combined ink was applied to the wound surface using a portable Biogan bioprinter (the prototype was developed by the authors). An adapted passive mixer allowed uniform mixing of the bioink based on a fibrin-gelatin hydrogel and spheroids derived from human adipose MSCs. Wound closure rates were assessed over 36 days, followed by histological analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The use of inks based on fibrin-gelatin hydrogel and spheroids from adipose MSCs significantly accelerated healing, as evidenced by the reduction in the wound area compared to the control group and hydrogel-only group, as well as the complete restoration of all skin layers by day 36. The therapeutic effect of the developed approach was due to the spheroids in the bioinks and not to the hydrogel. The use of the developed mixer did not reduce the cell viability and ensured convenient ink application to the wound surface.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"18 1","pages":"23-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13003592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147501595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone Defect Regeneration Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Bichat's Fat Pad.","authors":"S V Ostapets, O S Kosareva, M N Drovosekov, E V Nikitenko, M A Surovtseva, I I Kim, O V Poveshchenko","doi":"10.17691/stm2026.18.3.04","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2026.18.3.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>The aim of the study</b> was to assess the efficiency of the mandibular bone defect regeneration by administering mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from the Bichat's fat pad (B-MSC), as well as the osteoblasts differentiated from them, according to the morphological findings.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The experimental study was carried out on male Wistar rats (n=120) aged 2 months, weighing 250-300 g. B-MSCs and the osteoblasts differentiated from them were used for the regeneration of rat mandibular bone defects formed by a round bur. In the control group, the defect was not filled, the defect was healing under the blood clot. The biopsy specimens were histologically examined on days 14, 30, and 90 after the injury formed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The infiltration of the bone defect site by inflammatory cells was revealed for all study groups 14 days after the injury. The groups with cell administration showed the resorption of bone trabeculae (B-MSC and osteoblast groups) and a large number of capillaries (an osteoblast group). On day 30 after the injury, the preparations of the groups with cell administration demonstrated a large number of capillaries (B-MSC and osteoblast groups) and primitive bone trabeculae with osteoblasts (an osteoblast group). Active osteoclastic resorption and inflammatory infiltration were revealed in the control group. The groups with cell administration 90 days after the injury, in contrast to the control group, were found to have the formation of spongy mature bone tissue (B-MSC and osteoblast groups), the presence of bone mineralization and myeloid bone marrow (an osteoblast group) in the bone defect zone. It indicated high regenerative potential of the cells used when replacing a bone defect and the significant reduction of a regeneration period.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"18 3","pages":"39-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13411062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148623529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}