Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine最新文献

{"title":"Redox-Sensitive Fluorescent Nanoparticles for Biovisualization of Malignant Tumors.","authors":"O Peltek, E A Kopoleva, M V Zyuzin","doi":"10.17691/stm2025.17.1.05","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2025.17.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Application of fluorescent redox-sensitive nanoparticles in current biomedicine ensures high sensitivity and accuracy of biovisualization. Nanoparticles are potent as they can long circulate in the blood, where the level of glutathione is relatively low, and are destroyed in tumor cells, releasing loaded dyes or drugs. <b>The aim of the study</b> was to develop new nanoparticles based on trithiocyanuric acid for biovisualization of malignant tumors and study capabilities of the developed nanoparticles.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Nanoparticles were obtained by polycondensation of trithiocyanuric acid using iodine. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy was used for their characterization, the loading of fluorescent dyes was assessed by means of spectrophotometry. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was applied to study the impact of nanoparticles on the viability of the 4T1 and A549 cell lines as well as their interaction with cells. The distribution of nanoparticles in tissues and organs of BALB/c model mice with grafted tumors was performed using fluorescence visualization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to scanning microscopy, the size of the synthesized particles reached 100±20 nm. The adsorption isotherm demonstrated that adsorption of 0.27 mg of the RhB fluorescent dye per 1 mg of nanoparticles could be achieved. Enhanced release of the packed fluorescent dye was seen in the presence of glutathione and acetylcysteine. The particles did not significantly affect the viability of 4T1 and A549 cells. After intratumoral administration, they ensured a more intense fluorescent signal in the tumor area compared to a regular fluorescent dye solution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The developed system of trithiocyanuric-acid-based nanoparticles demonstrated high efficiency in biovisualization of malignant tumors and has a potential for targeted delivery of treatment agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"17 1","pages":"50-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Silicon Nanoparticle Porosity on Their Ability to Sensitize Low-Intensity Medical Ultrasound.","authors":"L A Osminkina, P A Tyurin-Kuzmin, M V Sumarokova, A A Kudryavtsev","doi":"10.17691/stm2025.17.1.04","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2025.17.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the role of porosity in silicon nanoparticles' ability to act as sonosensitizers for sonodynamic therapy of malignant tumors. Structural analysis showed that porous nanoparticles are composed of nanocrystals approximately 4 nm in size and contain 15 nm pores, whereas non-porous nanoparticles have a dense structure with nanocrystals ranging from 10 to 50 nm. Porous nanoparticles exhibit pronounced photoluminescent properties, associated with quantum confinement effects in their small nanocrystals. The cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was investigated in vitro using Hep2 cells. The results showed that both porous and non-porous nanoparticles in the studied concentration range (2-500 μg/ml) are non-toxic. Low-intensity ultrasound (0.88 MHz, <1 W) also does not have a toxic effect on the cells. However, the combined use of porous nanoparticles and ultrasound led to a significant decrease in cell viability, which was not observed when non-porous nanoparticles were used. This effect is associated with mechanical destruction of the cell membranes, as well as the potential activation of additional cell death mechanisms, such as apoptosis. The results highlight the importance of porosity as a key factor determining the effectiveness of silicon nanoparticles as sonosensitizers. The high efficiency, low toxicity, and unique structural properties of porous nanoparticles make them a promising material for further research and development of targeted, non-invasive treatments for malignant tumors in the context of sonodynamic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"17 1","pages":"40-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoparticles for Creating a Strategy to Stimulate Liver Regeneration.","authors":"S A Rodimova, D S Kozlov, D P Krylov, L V Mikhailova, V A Kozlova, A I Gavrina, A M Mozherov, V V Elagin, D S Kuznetsova","doi":"10.17691/stm2024.16.3.04","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2024.16.3.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Presently, there is a need in the developing new approaches to stimulate liver regeneration, which would make its recovery more effective after resection. Application of nanoparticles, loaded with small bioactive molecules, with their targeted delivery into the liver is a promising approach. <b>The aim of the investigation</b> is to study the interaction of nanoparticles with various types of hepatic cells on the models of liver slices and primary hepatic cell cultures using the methods of multiphoton microscopy with fluorescence lifetime imaging.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Nanoparticles have been synthetized from polylactide (PLA), gold (Au), and silicon (SiO₂), and characterized using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. These types of particles were labeled with a fluorescent Cy5 dye for their visualization. Liver slices and a primary hepatocyte culture were used as models for biological testing of nanoparticles. Biodistribution of the nanoparticles in the tissue and cells, their cytotoxicity, and the effect on the cell metabolism were assessed using optical bioimaging methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The silicon nanoparticles are accumulated mainly by macrophages, which generate reactive oxygen species in a large amount and impair the native metabolic state of hepatocytes. The gold nanoparticles accumulate in all types of the liver cells but possess a marked toxic effect, which is indicated by the appearance of necrotic and apoptotic cells and a sharp change in the hepatocyte metabolic state. The polylactide nanoparticles accumulate most effectively in the liver cells, preferably in hepatocytes, do not change their native metabolic state, making this type of nanoparticles most promising for creating the bioactive molecule delivery systems to stimulate liver regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"16 3","pages":"31-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11618528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peritumoral Brain Zone in Astrocytoma: Morphology, Molecular Aspects, and Clinical Manifestations (Review).","authors":"A S Grishin, K A Achkasova, L S Kukhnina, V A Sharova, M V Ostapyuk, K S Yashin","doi":"10.17691/stm2024.16.2.08","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2024.16.2.08","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A peritumoral brain zone is an area between a tumor and nontumorous brain tissue with tumor cell infiltration. The identification of this area is sufficiently difficult due to the lack of clear morphological or some other criteria. Besides, its dimensions may vary considerably. In the present review, we have analyzed the available data on the morphological structure and metabolism of peritumoral zone in astrocytomes, and considered the main molecular and genetic aspects and clinical manifestations. Exploration of the peritumoral zone is of great importance for determining the extent of resection to prevent recurrence and to reveal the causes and mechanisms of continued tumor growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"16 2","pages":"79-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Major Mutations in <i>CFTR, SERPINA1, HFE</i> Genes in Benign Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia Phenotype.","authors":"A A Ivanova, N E Apartseva, A P Kashirina, E G Nemtsova, Y V Ivanova, M V Kruchinina, S A Kurilovich, V N Maksimov","doi":"10.17691/stm2024.16.4.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17691/stm2024.16.4.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>The aim of the study</b> was to search for the associations of benign unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia phenotype with rs1799945 (H63D), rs1800562 (C282Y), rs1800730 (S65C) mutations of <i>HFE</i> gene, rs113993960 (ΔF508) of <i>CFTR</i> gene, rs28929474 (PIZ), rs17580 (PIS) mutations of <i>SERPINA1</i> gene.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study design is case-control. The group with Gilbert's syndrome (GS) phenotype (n=414; mean age - 36.7±15.9 years; 49.8% men) was formed by gastroenterologists, and included the individuals with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia who underwent a standard clinical examination. The individuals with known causes of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia were excluded from the group. The control group (n=429; mean age - 38.5±14.3 years; 52.2% men) was a random sampling from DNA banks of MONICA project participants, the screening of young people aged 25-44 and a one-time study of schoolchildren in Novosibirsk (Russia). DNA was isolated by phenol-chloroform extraction or by the express method (PROBA-RAPID-GENETIKA; DNA-Technology, Moscow, Russia) from venous blood. Genotyping of groups by nucleotide sequence rs1799945 (H63D), rs1800562 (C282Y), rs1800730 (S65C) of <i>HFE</i> gene, rs113993960 (ΔF508) of <i>CFTR</i> gene, rs28929474 (PIZ), rs17580 (PIS) of <i>SERPINA1</i> gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction followed by the analysis of fragment length polymorphism on a polyacrylamide gel.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the genotypes and alleles of the variants rs1799945 (H63D), rs1800562 (C282Y), rs1800730 (S65C) of <i>HFE</i> gene, rs113993960 (ΔF508) of <i>CFTR</i> gene, rs28929474 (PIZ), rs17580 (PIS) of <i>SERPINA1</i> gene, no statistically significant differences were found between the GS group and the control group (p>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nucleotide sequence variants rs1799945 (H63D), rs1800562 (C282Y), rs1800730 (S65C) of <i>HFE</i> gene, rs113993960 (ΔF508) of <i>CFTR</i> gene, rs28929474 (PIZ), rs17580 (PIS) of <i>SERPINA1</i> gene, or their combinations with rs3064744 of <i>UGT1A1</i> gene were found to have no association with GS.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"16 4","pages":"38-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143070665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience of Using Neural Networks to Assess Age-Related Changes in Some Structures of the Skull and Cervical Vertebrae Based on CT Scans (Pilot Project).","authors":"G V Zolotenkova, D K Valetov, M P Poletaeva, Yu V Vassilevski","doi":"10.17691/stm2024.16.2.03","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2024.16.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>The aim of the investigation</b> is to study the possibility of using artificial intelligence technologies for age prediction based on CT studies of some structures of the skull and cervical vertebrae.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 223 tomograms of the head and neck in sagittal projection from patients without any pathology of the studied structures. Morphometric analysis was carried out using PjaPro and Gradient programs, statistical analysis was performed by SPSS Statistics software. A fully convolutional EfficientNet-B2 neural network was used, which was trained in two stages: selection of the area of interest and solution of regression tasks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Morphometric assessment and subsequent statistical analysis of the selected group of features have shown presence of the strongest correlation with age in the indicator characterizing the involution of the median atlantoaxial joint. A deep learning method using the convolutional network, which automatically selects the desired area in the image (the area of the vertebral junction), classifies the sample, and makes an assumption about the age of the unknown individual with an accuracy of 7.5 to 10.5 years has been tested.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As a result of the study, a positive experience has been obtained indicating the possibility of using convolutional neural networks to determine the age of the unknown person, which expands the evidence base and provides new opportunities for determining group-wide personality traits in forensic medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"16 2","pages":"29-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-adhesive Properties of Epoxy-Treated Xenopericardium Modified with Polyvinyl Alcohol: <i>in vitro</i> Study of Leukocyte Adhesion in the Pulsatile Flow Model.","authors":"E A Ovcharenko, T V Glushkova, D K Shishkova, M A Rezvova, E A Velikanova, K Yu Klyshnikov, T N Akentyeva, A E Kostyunin","doi":"10.17691/stm2024.16.2.04","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2024.16.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>The aim of the study</b> is to assess protective capabilities of the polymer coating made of polyvinyl alcohol to prevent leukocyte adhesion to epoxy-treated bovine pericardium, which is used in production of bioprosthetic heart valves.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fragments of unmodified (control) and modified with polyvinyl alcohol epoxy-treated bovine pericardium were incubated in the dedicated chambers connected to a pulsatile flow system (Ibidi GmbH, Germany). During 48 h incubation was conducted in whole donor plasma containing 3<b>·</b>10⁶ of mononuclear fraction cells. To simulate plasma flow, the shear stress on the inflow and outflow sides of of bioprosthetic heart valve in the aortic position was set to 50 and 20 dynes/cm², respectively. After the experiment was completed, the surface of the studied samples was subjected to scanning electron microscopy and immunofluorescence using antibodies to the pan-leukocyte marker CD45.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adhesion of leukocytes (CD45⁺) was seen for both the serous (outflow side) and fibrous (inflow side) surfaces of the control epoxy-treated bovine pericardium, whereas both surfaces of the material modified with polyvinyl alcohol were clear of immune cells. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the adhesion of leukocytes to intact biological tissue: the cells on the surface of the control xenopericardium were of an irregular shape and formed numerous pseudopodia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The suggested modification of epoxy-treated bovine pericardium with polyvinyl alcohol prevents the adhesion of immune cells to the implant surface and can potentially protect bioprosthetic heart valves from immune rejection.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"16 2","pages":"40-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Neuroanesthetic Protocol of Rendering Specialized Care in Treating Degenerative Lumbar Spine Diseases in High-Risk Patients: Prospective Analysis of the Results.","authors":"A A Kalinin, V Yu Goloborodko, Yu Ya Pestryakov, R A Kundubayev, M Yu Biryuchkov, A V Shchegolev, V A Byvaltsev","doi":"10.17691/stm2024.16.3.06","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2024.16.3.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>The aim of the study</b> is to assess the effectiveness of a new neuroanesthetic protocol for treating degenerative lumbar spine diseases in high-risk patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Two groups of patients with a high risk of anesthesia and surgery determined by the authors' clinical decision support system (CDSS) have been prospectively studied. A new neuroanesthetic protocol was used in the experimental group (EG, n=25), while the control group (CG, n=25) underwent intravenous anesthesia based on propofol and fentanyl. Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion was performed in all cases. Changes of the intraoperative mean arterial pressure and heart rate, intensity of the local pain syndrome, amount of the opiates used, presence of cognitive disorders, adverse effects of anesthesia, and surgical complications have been compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The groups were representative (p>0.05) in terms of the age-gender parameters, anthropological data, comorbid background, involvement in smoking, preoperative characteristics of the lumbar spine, as well as the level of cognitive functions. No statistically significant changes of the mean arterial pressure (p=0.17) were registered in EG patients relative to the CG (p=0.0008). Intraoperative reduction of the heart rate in patients of the CG was not noted (p=0.49) in comparison with the EG (p=0.03). In the postoperative period, the best indicators of cognitive functions on the FAB test (p=0.02) and MoCA test (p=0.03) were revealed in EG. A significantly less amount of perioperative opiates (p=0.005) at a low level of the local pain syndrome was also noted (p=0.01). The intergroup analysis has shown fewer adverse effects of anesthesia in EG compared to CG (p=0.01) with a comparable number of postoperative surgical complications (p=0.42).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A new neuroanesthetic protocol of rendering a specialized care to patients with a high risk of anesthesia and surgery, assessed by the authors-developed CDSS, has resulted in effective elimination of the local postoperative pain syndrome, reduction of perioperative application of opioids, and stabilization of intraoperative indicators of cardiovascular activity. In addition, no postoperative cognitive disorders, anesthetic side-effects, adverse pharmacological consequences of the complex usage of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, prolonged local anesthetics, alpha-2-agonist, and non-narcotic analgesics have been registered.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"16 3","pages":"51-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11618530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visualization of Gastric Adenocarcinoma Lymph Node Metastases by Microscopy with Ultraviolet Surface Excitation.","authors":"G M Denisenko, Y M Valieva, S E Solovyeva, N B Serejnikova, V A Petrov, G S Budylin, P S Timashev, A L Fayzullin","doi":"10.17691/stm2024.16.6.03","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2024.16.6.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The detection of lymph node metastases is crucial in oncopathology, as it makes it possible to determine the TNM stage, to design a treatment plan, and predict the survival for cancer patients. The current gold standard for this process is hematoxylin and eosin staining. However, new alternative methods leveraging the unique optical properties of tissue structures are being developed for rapid intraoperative or postoperative application. <b>The aim of the study</b> is to evaluate the effectiveness of identifying lymph node metastases using microscopy with ultraviolet surface excitation (MUSE).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>17 lymph nodes from the Sechenov University archive (Russia) collected intraoperatively from 6 patients with gastric cancer have been investigated.In this study, we utilized a MUSE optical system consisting of three UV light-emitting diodes (265 nm) and the Axio Scope A1 microscope (Carl Zeiss, Germany) with various objectives. We introduced a novel combination of fluorescent dyes - Nile red and Hoechst - that had not been previously used with MUSE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combination of fluorescent dyes yielded high-contrast images with blue-stained nuclei and orange-to-red stained cytoplasm, effectively visualizing gastric adenocarcinoma cells characterized by abundant cytoplasmic components and large polymorphic nuclei. The presence of irregularly shaped cavities, formed by adenocarcinoma metastases, was also detectable by MUSE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Biophotonics provides alternative methods for tissue imaging. However, traditional methods are still unsurpassed in the accuracy of detecting cancer metastases and other pathologies. Further refinement of imaging protocols and expanded research into other cancer types are needed to make methods like MUSE applicable for intraoperative diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"16 6","pages":"25-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11780589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143082933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Deep Learning Algorithms Based on the Multilayer Y0L0v8 Neural Network to Identify Fungal Keratitis.","authors":"A V Sitnova, E R Valitov, S N Svetozarskiy","doi":"10.17691/stm2024.16.4.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17691/stm2024.16.4.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>The aim of the study</b> is to develop a method for diagnosing fungal keratitis based on the analysis of photographs of the anterior segment of the eye using deep learning algorithms with subsequent evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of the method on a test data set in comparison with the results of practicing ophthalmologists.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study has included the stages of data acquisition, image pre-training and markup, selection of training approach and neural network architecture, training with input data augmentation, validation with hyperparameter correction, evaluation of algorithm performance on a test sample, and determination of sensitivity and specificity of fungal keratitis detection by practicing doctors. A total of 274 anterior segment images were used, including 130 photographs of the eyes affected by fungal keratitis and 144 photographs illustrating normal eyes, keratitis of other etiologies, and various anterior segment pathologies. Photographs taken after the treatment onset, illustrations of keratitis of mixed etiology and corneal perforation were excluded from the study. Images of the training sample were marked up using the VGG Image Annotator web application and then used to train the YOLOv8 convolutional neural network. Images from the test data set were also offered to practicing ophthalmologists to determine the diagnostic accuracy of fungal keratitis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sensitivity of the model was 56.0%, the specificity level reached 96.1%, and the proportion of correct answers of the algorithm was 76.5%. The accuracy of image recognition by practicing ophthalmologists was 50.0%, specificity - 41.7%, sensitivity - 57.7%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study showed the high potential of deep learning algorithms in the diagnosis of fungal keratitis and its advantages in accuracy compared to expert judgment in the absence of metadata. The use of computer vision technologies may find application as a complementary diagnostic method in decision making in complex cases and in telemedicine care settings. Further research is required to compare the developed model with alternative approaches, to expand and standardize databases.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"16 4","pages":"5-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143070657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}