Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine最新文献

{"title":"Study of Minor Chromophores in Biological Tissues by Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy (Review).","authors":"K A Bylinskaya, V V Perekatova, I V Turchin","doi":"10.17691/stm2025.17.1.12","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2025.17.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) is a rapidly advancing non-invasive diagnostic technique to investigate biological tissue, based on probing the target object with optical radiation in the visible and/or near-infrared wavelength range and detecting the diffusely scattered light from the tissue. The signals obtained through DOS provide extensive information about the biochemical composition of tissues due to the presence of light-absorbing compounds known as chromophores. To date, DOS is widely employed to detect major chromophores such as deoxygenated (Hb) and oxygenated (HbO₂) hemoglobin, water, lipids, and melanin. The concentrations of Hb and HbO₂ in biological tissues are highly significant in clinical research, as they offer valuable insights into tissue oxygenation status and enable the detection of hypoxia. However, biological tissues also contain less-studied chromophores - minor chromophores - which also contribute to the overall absorption spectrum. These include various globins, such as methemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin, and myoglobin, as well as cytochromes and cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase. Identifying minor chromophores using DOS is challenging due to their relatively low absorption contributions compared to major chromophores, as well as the limited understanding of their specific absorption spectra. Nevertheless, the simultaneous detection of both major and minor chromophores could provide a comprehensive understanding of metabolic processes within vascular, intracellular, and mitochondrial compartments of tissues. This would substantially expand the potential applications of DOS in both research and clinical studies. In this review we examine literature sources that explore the investigation of minor chromophores in biological tissues by DOS, discuss the role of major chromophores, and evaluate the potential for simultaneous detection of both major and minor chromophores with DOS.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"17 1","pages":"146-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of DNA Microarray for Indication of Viral Community-Acquired Pneumonia Pathogens.","authors":"N A Sakharnov, E N Filatova, M I Popkova, L B Lukovnikova, M O Bahmeteva, S L Slavin, O V Utkin","doi":"10.17691/stm2025.17.3.02","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2025.17.3.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>The aim of the study</b> is to develop a DNA microarray for the indication of viral pathogens causing community-acquired pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study materials were swab samples from the nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal mucous membranes of patients aged 2 months to 18 years with X-ray confirmed pneumonia. The selection of DNA probes for the specific detection of viral community-acquired pneumonia pathogens and development of the microarray design were carried out using our previously developed disprose program. The nucleotide sequences of pathogens were obtained from the NCBI Nucleotide and GISAID databases. The selected DNA probes were synthesized on CustomArray slides (USA). The optimal hybridization temperature was selected on a model pooled sample containing adenovirus DNA and SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus RNA. The selection criteria were the percentage of effective probes with a standardized hybridization signal (SHS) ≥3 Z and the excess of SHS levels of effective specific probes compared to SHS of effective non-specific probes. The DNA probes were selected for the specific detection of viral community-acquired pneumonia pathogens, characterized by an effective hybridization signal under the identified conditions. Using ROC analysis, threshold values of specific probe signals were established, the excess of which was interpreted as the evidence of the pathogen presence in a sample.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A microarray design included 544 DNA probes for the detection of adenovirus, bocavirus, respiratory syncytial virus, metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus, rhinovirus, and coronavirus. The DNA probes were synthesized on slides. The optimal DNA hybridization temperature on microarrays was established (47°C). A list of probes for specific detection of adenovirus group B, bocavirus, parainfluenza virus type 3, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, and SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, characterized by an effective hybridization signal under the identified conditions, was selected. The threshold values of probe signals for specific detection of these pathogens in clinical samples were determined.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A DNA microarray for the indication of viral community-acquired pneumonia pathogens was developed and synthesized. The interpretation of the hybridization results corresponds to the results obtained by the PCR method. The developed microarray can be used to improve laboratory diagnostics of viral community-acquired pneumonia pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"17 3","pages":"17-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Variants of 786T>C (rs2070744) Polymorphism of the <i>NOS3</i> Gene with Age-Dependent Electrophysiological Disorders in Myocardium.","authors":"I V Averyanova, A N Loskutova, I N Bezmenova","doi":"10.17691/stm2025.17.5.06","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2025.17.5.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>The aim of the study</b> was to examine associations of ECG signal micro-alternations values with various variants of the 786T>C (rs2070744) polymorphism of the <i>NOS3</i> gene in cohorts of mature and elderly male Northerners.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>One hundred forty male residents of the Magadan Region (Russia) aged 25-80 were included in the study. All the examinees were classified into mature and elderly. Men of different ages were divided into two groups based on the presence/ absence of the <i>NOS3*</i>C allele in their genotypes: group 1 consisted of homozygous men (TT genotype); group 2 - of heterozygous and homozygous carriers of the <i>NOS3*</i>C allele (TC+CC genotypes). Genetic SNP testing and methods for assessing the characteristics of cardiac variance mapping were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed age-associated impairment of dispersion characteristics of ECG signal, the \"Myocardium\" and \"Rhythm\" indices, as well as myocardial electrophysiological disorders, which were more characteristic of the elderly men who were carriers of the minor <i>NOS3*</i>C allele (genotypes TC+CC). This was accompanied by a synchronous increase in the \"rigidity\" of the matrix of ECG dispersion mapping indicators. The two-factor dispersion analysis showed that the 786T>C (rs2070744) polymorphism of the <i>NOS3</i> gene significantly influenced the ventricular hypertrophy (G9) at simultaneous cumulative impact with the age factor: the \"Age\" factor on the \"Myocardium\" index, right and left ventricular repolarization (G5, G6), and their depolarization symmetry (G7).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results indicate that monitoring studies of the main characteristics of ECG dispersion mapping parameters in addition to the evaluation of 786T>C (rs2070744) polymorphism of the <i>NOS3</i> gene must be given emphasis since it is crucial for the formation of personalized and preventive medicine. It has been established that the presence of the minor allele <i>NOS3*</i>C of the polymorphism 786T>C (rs2070744) of the <i>NOS3</i> locus can be considered as an additional risk factor for age-associated electrophysiological disorders of the myocardium.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"17 5","pages":"87-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12715491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145807275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of Platelet-Rich Gel Using Allogeneic Platelets Isolated from Donor Whole Blood.","authors":"M S Makarov, M V Storozheva","doi":"10.17691/stm2025.17.6.04","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2025.17.6.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>The aim of the study</b> was to perform a morphofunctional analysis of allogeneic platelets isolated from donor whole blood and to assess the possibility of producing platelet-rich gel based on them.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study investigated donor blood platelets, platelets collected from donors via apheresis, and platelets isolated from donor whole blood (platelet-leukocyte concentrates, PLC). Platelet quality was assessed before and after centrifugation at 2500-4000 g, as well as the feasibility of producing platelet gel from platelet-rich plasma isolated from whole blood. Morphofunctional analysis of platelets was performed using an original method based on the examination of vitally stained cells by fluorescence microscopy. The cytokine profile in the platelet concentrates isolated from whole blood was evaluated using multiplex analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following centrifugation at 2500-4000 g, the platelet population exhibited an increased number of platelets with damaged membranes, procoagulant platelets, and platelets prone to spontaneous activation. Centrifugation at 2500-2700 g was less damaging than centrifugation at 2701-4000 g and allowed to preserve a significant volume of growth factors within the platelets. Platelet-rich plasma isolated from PLC can be used to produce platelet gel and thrombofibrin clot <i>in vitro</i> at 20-22°C without the use of platelet activation inducers. The most effective PLC samples for producing platelet gel were those without platelet conglomerates, containing over 20% platelets with granules and less than 20% platelets with damaged membranes, with a level of procoagulant platelets below 5%, and with an increased or high adhesion rate of platelets with granules to glass. The use of platelets from allogeneic PLC enables the production of platelet gel within 20-30 min.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was developed a method for producing platelet gel and a thrombofibrin clot at 20-22°C based on allogeneic platelets isolated from donor whole blood. These materials can be used as wound dressings, applicative biological constructs for treating tissue defects of various origins, and in the creation of composite biological designs intended for use in regenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"17 6","pages":"35-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12892845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146184077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Macrophages in Implementing the Effects of Secretome of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Spermatogonial Stem Cell Niche.","authors":"A O Monakova, N A Basalova, V Yu Balabanyan, K L Kryshen, A A Matichin, G D Sagaradze, V S Popov, A Yu Efimenko","doi":"10.17691/stm2025.17.2.04","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2025.17.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postnatal stem cells surrounded by a niche support the renewal and regeneration of tissues and organs throughout life. The dysfunction of niche components can lead to the development of diseases, which are hard to cure. We previously showed that the subtunical injection of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) secretome induced the spermatogonial stem cell niche restoration, although the mechanisms of the process are not fully revealed. <b>The study aimed</b> at analyzing the effect of the MSC secretome on resident macrophages in animal models of male infertility and on peritoneal macrophages of intact animals.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>To study the effect of the MSC secretome on resident macrophages, doxorubicin-induced damage of murine spermatogenesis was modeled by intraperitoneal injections of 1 mg/kg of doxorubicin once in two days to reach a cumulative dose of 10 mg/kg. The second animal model of spermatogenesis injury was the abdominal cryptorchidism in rats. The MSC secretome was injected under the tunica albuginea. The animals were divided into the following groups: \"intact\", \"damage\", \"MSC secretome\". After isolating the testes, the number of macrophages was estimated using the immunohistochemical analysis. To investigate the phagocytic activity of macrophages mice were intramuscularly injected into the thigh with the MSC secretome with the following isolation of peritoneal macrophages. The ability of peritoneal macrophages to absorb FITC latex particles was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In cryptorchidism model the number of CD163⁺ M2 macrophages in the interstitium of testes increased significantly. The MSC secretome injection under the tunica albuginea of the testicle led to decreasing the number of CD163⁺ M2 macrophages. In the model of the toxic damage of spermatogenesis with doxorubicin the number of CD163⁺ M2 macrophages in the interstitium increased, however, there were no effects in the group with the MSC secretome injection. The number of M2 macrophages in this model, positive for another classical marker CD206, also increased, but the administration of MSC secretome reduced their number neither during the early nor in the late periods after damage. The study of MSC secretome effects on peritoneal macrophages demonstrated that a single intramuscular injection of MSC secretome in doses lower and higher than the therapeutic dose didn't reduce, but conversely increased the phagocytic activity of macrophages.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate the impact of the damage etiology and pathogenesis on the involvement of M2 macrophages in the implementation of the MSC secretome effects and the absence of its systemic immunotoxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"17 2","pages":"37-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12096361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation Analysis of Acute Psychotic Symptom Domain Severity and Fractional Anisotropy of Brain White Matter Tracts in Schizophrenia.","authors":"V L Ushakov, N V Zakharova, L V Bravve, G Sh Mamedova, S I Kartashov, G P Kostyuk","doi":"10.17691/stm2025.17.4.01","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2025.17.4.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain white matter tracts (connectomes) have been analyzed in patients with schizophrenia whose condition was determined in the paradigm of dimensional approach. <b>The aim of the investigation</b> is to study the connectivity of brain regions depending on the severity of the psychosis clinical picture in schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>46 patients (22 women and 24 men, average age - 26.5±5.3 years) with the diagnosis of schizophrenia have been examined in the period of the remission onset after a first psychotic episode. The condition severity was determined by assessing scores on the following psychometric scales: PANSS, CRDPSS, BFCRS, NSA-4, FAB. Diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was performed using 3Т MRI Magnetom Verio (Siemens Healthineers, Germany). Significant connections between the indicators of generalized fractional anisotropy of the brain pathways and the severity of the psychosis clinical picture were calculated based on the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Specific structural features of the brain connectome correlating with symptom severity were identified for each symptom domain. Additionally, tracts in which changes were associated with the severity of several symptom domains simultaneously, were visualized. Alterations in the tracts of the right frontal parietal and parolfactory cingulum correlate with the severity of hallucinatory, negative, and catatonic symptoms. Changes in the tracts of the left frontal parahippocampal cingulum correlate negatively with the severity of hallucination and delusion, while changes in the right frontal parahippocampal cingulum correlate with the severity of delusion and catatonia. In cases of severe hallucinations, delusional disorders, and disorganization, the most significant changes are manifested in the tract structures of the left and right fornix. Significant changes in the pathways of the corpus callosum correlate with the intensity of catatonic symptoms and negative symptomatology. Manifestation severity of various domains of psychosis is associated with differences in structural organization of the brain tracts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There have been received new data on possible differential involvement of the brain structures in the pathogenesis of various schizophrenia manifestations such as hallucinations, delusions, disorganization phenomena, catatonia, and negative disorders, which may be considered as objective neurophysiological markers of the given disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"17 4","pages":"5-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12715486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145807266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein Misfolding in the Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases (Review).","authors":"P P Tregub, N A Kolotyeva, P A Chekulayev, A A Groshkov, S N Illarioshkin, A B Salmina, M A Piradov","doi":"10.17691/stm2025.17.4.06","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2025.17.4.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review systematizes existing data on protein misfolding in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (with a focus on α-synuclein, β-amyloid, and tau protein). Modern laboratory and neuroimaging methods used for clinical diagnosis and scientific research of proteinopathies are discussed. The paper describes promising protein amplification techniques that enable the detection of ultra-low concentrations of aberrant protein forms in biological fluids. The challenges and prospects of early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases through protein misfolding detection are also shown.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"17 4","pages":"60-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12715484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145807301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redox-Sensitive Fluorescent Nanoparticles for Biovisualization of Malignant Tumors.","authors":"O Peltek, E A Kopoleva, M V Zyuzin","doi":"10.17691/stm2025.17.1.05","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2025.17.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Application of fluorescent redox-sensitive nanoparticles in current biomedicine ensures high sensitivity and accuracy of biovisualization. Nanoparticles are potent as they can long circulate in the blood, where the level of glutathione is relatively low, and are destroyed in tumor cells, releasing loaded dyes or drugs. <b>The aim of the study</b> was to develop new nanoparticles based on trithiocyanuric acid for biovisualization of malignant tumors and study capabilities of the developed nanoparticles.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Nanoparticles were obtained by polycondensation of trithiocyanuric acid using iodine. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy was used for their characterization, the loading of fluorescent dyes was assessed by means of spectrophotometry. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was applied to study the impact of nanoparticles on the viability of the 4T1 and A549 cell lines as well as their interaction with cells. The distribution of nanoparticles in tissues and organs of BALB/c model mice with grafted tumors was performed using fluorescence visualization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to scanning microscopy, the size of the synthesized particles reached 100±20 nm. The adsorption isotherm demonstrated that adsorption of 0.27 mg of the RhB fluorescent dye per 1 mg of nanoparticles could be achieved. Enhanced release of the packed fluorescent dye was seen in the presence of glutathione and acetylcysteine. The particles did not significantly affect the viability of 4T1 and A549 cells. After intratumoral administration, they ensured a more intense fluorescent signal in the tumor area compared to a regular fluorescent dye solution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The developed system of trithiocyanuric-acid-based nanoparticles demonstrated high efficiency in biovisualization of malignant tumors and has a potential for targeted delivery of treatment agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"17 1","pages":"50-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Silicon Nanoparticle Porosity on Their Ability to Sensitize Low-Intensity Medical Ultrasound.","authors":"L A Osminkina, P A Tyurin-Kuzmin, M V Sumarokova, A A Kudryavtsev","doi":"10.17691/stm2025.17.1.04","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2025.17.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the role of porosity in silicon nanoparticles' ability to act as sonosensitizers for sonodynamic therapy of malignant tumors. Structural analysis showed that porous nanoparticles are composed of nanocrystals approximately 4 nm in size and contain 15 nm pores, whereas non-porous nanoparticles have a dense structure with nanocrystals ranging from 10 to 50 nm. Porous nanoparticles exhibit pronounced photoluminescent properties, associated with quantum confinement effects in their small nanocrystals. The cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was investigated in vitro using Hep2 cells. The results showed that both porous and non-porous nanoparticles in the studied concentration range (2-500 μg/ml) are non-toxic. Low-intensity ultrasound (0.88 MHz, <1 W) also does not have a toxic effect on the cells. However, the combined use of porous nanoparticles and ultrasound led to a significant decrease in cell viability, which was not observed when non-porous nanoparticles were used. This effect is associated with mechanical destruction of the cell membranes, as well as the potential activation of additional cell death mechanisms, such as apoptosis. The results highlight the importance of porosity as a key factor determining the effectiveness of silicon nanoparticles as sonosensitizers. The high efficiency, low toxicity, and unique structural properties of porous nanoparticles make them a promising material for further research and development of targeted, non-invasive treatments for malignant tumors in the context of sonodynamic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"17 1","pages":"40-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Potential of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy as a Therapeutic Tool Following a Stroke (Review).","authors":"O A Mokienko","doi":"10.17691/stm2025.17.2.07","DOIUrl":"10.17691/stm2025.17.2.07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The advancement of novel technologies for the rehabilitation of post-stroke patients represents a significant challenge for a range of interdisciplinary fields. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an optical neuroimaging technique based on recording local hemodynamic changes at the cerebral cortex level. The technology is typically employed in post-stroke patients for diagnostic purposes, including the assessment of neuroplastic processes accompanying therapy, the study of hemispheric asymmetry, and the examination of functional brain networks. However, functional NIRS can also be used for therapeutic purposes, including the provision of biofeedback during rehabilitation tasks, as well as the navigation method during transcranial stimulation. The effectiveness of therapeutic NIRS application in stroke patients remains insufficiently studied, despite existing scientific evidence confirming its promising potential as a treatment method. The review examines the published literature on the therapeutic applications of NIRS after stroke, evaluating its potential role in the rehabilitation process. The paper describes NIRS features, advantages, and disadvantages, determining its position among other neuroimaging technologies; analyzes the findings of neurophysiological studies, which justified the clinical trials of NIRS technology; and evaluates the results of the studies on the therapeutic use of NIRS in post-stroke patients. Two potential applications of NIRS for therapeutic purposes following a stroke were suggested: the first was to provide real-time feedback during movement training (motor or ideomotor ones, including that in brain-computer interface circuits), and the second was to facilitate navigation during transcranial stimulation. Based on a comprehensive literature review, there were proposed and justified further research lines and development in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":520289,"journal":{"name":"Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine","volume":"17 2","pages":"73-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12096357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}