{"title":"Local heroes? Activism against North Sea oil developments and the conceptual ambiguity of the term 'environment' in Scotland, 1973-4.","authors":"Maya Ström","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwag034","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tcbh/hwag034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Described as the 'cause célèbre' of North Sea oil developments, this article focuses on the unexpected alliance provoked by a proposal for a concrete platform construction yard at Drumbuie, Wester Ross, on the Scottish northwest coast. This land was owned inalienably by the National Trust for Scotland, which teamed up with a local action group to argue against the development proposals primarily on the basis of perceived damage to the social fabric of the community. Previous descriptions of the Drumbuie Inquiry have been fleeting and have missed the centrality of the social to the objectors, assuming it to be a straightforward 'environmentalist' case. This article details the arguments against the development and the consequences this had on larger Scottish planning issues, such as creating the first National Planning Guidelines. It also discusses how the 'environment' as a concept was used during the inquiry, arguing that this lacked conceptual coherence other than being used as a synonym for 'amenity'.</p>","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148551979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"British multiculturalism and Tom Nairn's Two Englands.","authors":"Camilla Schofield","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwag015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwag015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This roundtable contribution begins with a brief letter exchange between Tom Nairn and Yasmin Alibhai-Brown in 2000. It explores how Nairn's nationalism challenged the liberal optimism of Britain's multiculturalist moment-and what he saw as its London-centric assumptions. Returning to Nairn's account of 'Two Englands', it suggests that his Marxist-nationalist commitments, though not without problems and limits, can help us think in new ways about the spatial politics of economic life in late twentieth-century Britain. Nairn's nationalism draws attention to the territorial dimensions of inequality and political identity, urging us to bring into a single frame the racial and regional peripheries of British rule.</p>","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147825882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"'Perhaps only Children's Corners': spaces for children in British museums from c. 1900 to 1939†.","authors":"Kate Hill","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwaf024","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tcbh/hwaf024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article examines the brief flowering of spaces for children in British museums in the first half of the twentieth century. It argues that managing museum space for both adults and children became an important issue for curators, merging with and to an extent replacing nineteenth-century concerns with managing space to accommodate different class groups. It investigates the children's galleries, 'corners' and museums which emerged between 1900 and 1950, comparing them with fuller provision in the USA. In the UK, children's museum spaces were constrained by a lack of space, expertise and money, and a concern not to make the museum childish; and by an association of children's provisions with slum areas and women experts. Curators were unsure how far to adopt a child-focused approach, or for which age groups they should provide. For a few commentators, children's presence was seen as incompatible with adult use of museums, to the point where they should be totally barred. Thus, children's spaces were partly a way of separating children and adults in museums, and reinforced a sense of difference between adult and child visitors. Most children's spaces disappeared after the Second World War, as slums and unaccompanied child visitors declined, and a focus on more 'professional' curating emerged. Fewer children seem to have visited, a trend accelerated by the wider context of familial and leisure change. The development of more engaging displays for all, not just children, served to narrow the apparent intellectual gulf between adult and child.</p>","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145937263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"'Globalization' and the dream of progress.","authors":"James Stafford","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwag018","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tcbh/hwag018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This roundtable reflects on the intellectual contribution of the Scottish activist, journalist, and theorist Tom Nairn, who died in 2023. Nairn was a leading figure in the British New Left and the movement for Scottish autonomy and independence. His writings had a formative impact on two major strands in the writing of modern British history: the turn to a 'Four Nations' historiography and the debate over British 'decline' and modernization. This roundtable interrogates the extent to which his work still speaks to current and future agendas for our field. Individual contributions address Nairn's role in the history of the Scottish left, his examinations of monarchy and empire, and his complex interpretations of millennial discourses of multiculturalism and globalisation. What emerges is a picture of a flawed but indispensable shaper of modern British historiography, who inspired and may continue to inspire new work and new insights: not despite, but because of, his polemical style, his powerful political commitments, and his restless appetite for provocation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148145949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The deportation of two hoteliers: a microhistory of brothel keepers in interwar Britain.","authors":"Vivian Kong","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwag040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwag040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 1937, the Home Office deported two residents of Chinese descent, Amy and George Doo, for running hotels that sex workers frequently used to sell sex. As the British state intensified its criminalization of the sex trade in the interwar years, it limited options for where sex work could take place, and made hotel owners like the Doos an ever more important stakeholder within the illicit sexual economy. Yet, within the growing scholarship on prostitution in modern Britain, we know very little about the lives and networks of this key facilitator of the sex trade. This article therefore offers a double biography of the Doos. Using oral history, historical newspapers, and scattered archival records in London, Cornwall, and Singapore, this article reconstructs the lives of two brothel keepers (as legally broadly defined) and explains what brothel keeping entailed within the context of clandestine commercial sex. It unravels how brothel keepers straddled licit and illicit economies and mitigated against increasing prosecution. It also interrogates how racial prejudice shaped how state authorities policed those involved in the sex trade, and how the couple attempted to counteract such prejudice.</p>","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149140164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conspiracy, prejudice, and popery: anti-Catholicism in England and Wales 1940-1960.","authors":"Erin Geraghty","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwag044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwag044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Throughout the 1940s and 1950s, traditional criticisms of the Catholic Church in England and Wales were reformulated and rearticulated in the context of the rise and fall of totalitarianism and autocratic political regimes. Anti-Catholicism was expressed not only in fringe Protestant groups, but increasingly by those who criticized the Catholic Church and its followers from a secular perspective. Anti-Catholicism of the mid-twentieth century was less theological and grounded in historical stereotypes that were well established by this period. It was a prejudice that had long historical roots yet was repackaged to suit an era of war and global hostilities. The experiences and rhetoric of Mass Observation participants, in tandem with radical religious groups and letters to newspapers, are useful in showing the variety of anti-Catholic prejudice still present in mid-twentieth century England and Wales.</p>","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149229683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Communities of the future? Telecottages and the televillage in 1990s Britain.","authors":"Rose Dryzek","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwag014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwag014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the early 1990s, it seemed that new technologies were opening up new possibilities for the organization of work and community life. This article focuses on the development of telecottages and the televillage through the decade to explore one vision of a new kind of rural community life based around these technologies, which gained support from a range of rural development interests, and how they worked in practice. The telecottage was designed to be a hub for teleworking, also offering training and computer hire for locals. However, telecottages soon became a bubble, as upwards of a hundred opened around the UK through the decade, yet struggled to find their niche in an increasingly competitive marketplace of internet cafes and affordable home computers. Though propped up by funding from local authorities, most failed to become self-sufficient. Alongside this, the development of the first televillage, in Wales, intended to house teleworkers, also demonstrates how hopes of innovative forms of in-person community would fail to materialize. This story of techno-optimism shines a light on how technology was seen as a pathway to rural regeneration in the 1990s.</p>","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148371715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction.","authors":"James Stafford","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwag016","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tcbh/hwag016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This roundtable reflects on the intellectual contribution of the Scottish activist, journalist, and theorist Tom Nairn, who died in 2023. Nairn was a leading figure in both the British New Left and the movement for Scottish autonomy and independence. His writings had a formative impact on two major strands in the writing of modern British history: the turn towards a 'Four Nations' historiography and the debates over British 'decline' and modernization. This roundtable interrogates the extent to which his work still speaks to current and future agendas for our field. Individual contributions address Nairn's role in the history of the Scottish left, his examinations of monarchy and empire, and his complex interpretations of millennial discourses of multiculturalism and globalization. What emerges is a picture of a flawed yet indispensable shaper in modern British historiography, whose work inspired and may continue to inspire new work and new insights: not despite, but because of, his polemical style, his powerful political commitments, and his restless appetite for provocation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148255380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The state of the forests: empire, unemployment and the creation of forest work, 1916-45.","authors":"Alice Gorton","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwag026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwag026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article examines the social and political context surrounding the creation of the Forestry Act (1919) and the establishment of the Forestry Commission, showing how the demands of the First World War prompted the British government to pass its first piece of state forest policy. I argue that afforestation efforts in the empire offered a template for what British administrators hoped to achieve across the four nations, but I explore how lessons drawn from the colonies, especially in India, circulated in a domestic landscape characterized by a different set of constraints and priorities than Britain's occupied territories. In Britain, the afforestation program, which began as a wartime strategy for securing scarce timber supplies, was refashioned into a plan for reducing rural unemployment and providing work and housing during the difficult interwar years. These activities saw the state extend its territorial reach across Britain and were part of an extraordinary expansion in state capacity that radically reconfigured the British state's relationship with land ownership.</p>","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148682073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Disenchanting the monarchy.","authors":"Emily Robinson","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwag012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwag012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The persistence of the British monarchy through the arrival of mass democracy, decline of deference, dissolution of Empire, and a series of Royal scandals is one of the great puzzles of modern British politics. Yet, it has received comparatively little attention. In his 1988 book, The Enchanted Glass, Tom Nairn dissected the paradoxical and almost magical appeal of the British monarchy, but also suggested that it could not long withstand the onset of neoliberal values. By 2011, he had revised this judgement. More recent work has followed his lead in showing that the contradictions and absurdities of monarchy not only conceal its serious political effects, but deepen them. That such an institution, with all its historical and imperial baggage, should remain so under-examined a part of national life is extraordinary. This paper suggests that we follow Nairn in taking it seriously. It has a great deal to tell us about the entwining of affective discourses of pride, nationhood, and nostalgia with those of ordinariness, merit, and inequality. This seems key to understanding our contemporary political moment.</p>","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147985038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}