{"title":"Resistance and Prevention: Rural local government and the fight against tuberculosis.","authors":"Keir Waddington","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwae034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwae034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With Wales considered 'the blackest spot on the tuberculosis map' of Britain, the Welsh National Memorial Association (WNMA) was founded in 1910 with the aim to rid Wales of the disease within a generation. Although the Association's vision of a national health service was lauded by contemporaries as providing a model for England, as the WNMA took over the running of tuberculosis services from local authorities, it met with resistance from county and rural district councils. This essay explores this resistance. In placing the views and work of county and rural district councils at the centre of analysis this essay uses Wales and opposition to the WNMA as a case study to rethink the marginalization of county councils and rural district councils in histories of local government, public health, and housing policy in a pivotal period of central-location relations. As this essay shows, the opposition county and rural district councils expressed to the WNMA was not a straightforward rejection of centralization by authorities on the margins of 'the modern'. Rather, they put forward a competing vision of health and social welfare that championed local autonomy and a strategy of prevention focused on the material and domestic environment and housing reform. As the essay shows, opponents of the WNMA were not backwoodsmen. They were part of a wider national and progressive social reform movement.</p>","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"35 2","pages":"180-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142516220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Modern British historyPub Date : 2024-05-15eCollection Date: 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1093/tcbh/hwae043
Andrew Burchell
{"title":"The Art of Speech: Elocution, Speech Training, Speech Therapy, and the Performative Limits of Class in Mid-twentieth-century Britain.","authors":"Andrew Burchell","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwae043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwae043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article argues that elocution, speech training, and speech therapy-three professions concerned with the voice-were intimately bound up with a shifting politics of class in early- and mid-twentieth-century Britain. The last two, in particular, attempted to stake new claims in the changed landscape of the post-1945 welfare state. Proponents of speech training distinguished themselves from elocutionists and saw their role to improve children's speech, but they performatively disavowed class as an organizing category within it. This was paralleled by speech therapy, which emerged as a formal profession in Britain in 1945 through the unification of two separate (and often rival) halves of the profession under a single regulatory college, and which found itself having to justify where its pathologizing of vocal production ended and elocution's focus on the aesthetics of accent began. I argue that these disavowals provide a useful framework through which to read class dynamics and consider the performative dimensions of class identities at this time. Mobilising select writers and speech experts-who straddled the boundaries of elocution, speech training, and speech therapy-this article shows how a variety of different categories, from gender to geography, were employed as proxies to allow for the problematization of dialect but not accent and to efface 'class'.</p>","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"35 3","pages":"354-374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11375901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142157154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On Sam Brewitt-Taylor's 'The Invention of a \"Secular Society\"? Christianity and the Sudden Appearance of Secularization Discourses in the British National Media, 1961-4' (2013).","authors":"Alex Hill","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwae012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwae012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"35 1","pages":"91-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142516206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Teaching Modern British History at the University of Derby.","authors":"Ian Whitehead, Cath Feely","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwae023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwae023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"35 1","pages":"75-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142516209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On Stephen Brooke's 'Space, Emotions and the Everyday: The Affective Ecology of 1980s London' (2017).","authors":"Stephen Bentel","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwae014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwae014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"35 1","pages":"100-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142516207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Teaching twentieth-century British History to French undergraduates.","authors":"Lucie de Carvalho","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwae018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwae018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"35 1","pages":"63-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142516210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On David Holland's 'Toffee Men, Travelling Drapers and Black-Market Perfumers-South Asian Networks of Petty Trade in Early Twentieth Century Britain' (2019).","authors":"Guy Ortolano","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwae015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwae015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"35 1","pages":"109-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142516198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erik Linstrum, Peter Clarke, Adrian Bingham, Lawrence Black, Claire Langhamer, Lucy Delap, Jessica Meyer, Guy Ortolano, Susan Pedersen, Jordanna Bailkin, Divya Subramanian
{"title":"Forum: The Past, Present, and Futures of Modern British History.","authors":"Erik Linstrum, Peter Clarke, Adrian Bingham, Lawrence Black, Claire Langhamer, Lucy Delap, Jessica Meyer, Guy Ortolano, Susan Pedersen, Jordanna Bailkin, Divya Subramanian","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwae004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwae004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For the first issue of the renamed journal, Modern British History co-editor Erik Linstrum convened a group of scholars to reflect on the past, present, and possible futures of the field. The resulting contributions make no claim to provide a comprehensive or representative survey. Rather, they offer a variety of perspectives on where modern British history has been and where it might be going. Several contributions, written by former editors of Twentieth Century British History, drawn on the history of the journal as a way of thinking about the direction of the field and its subfields. Others consider the place of modern Britain in the wider discipline of history, grappling with questions of temporality and embodiment; the institutional and material contexts of scholarship; the role of national histories in a transnational world; and the response of historical writing to epidemiological, humanitarian, and ecological crisis. The sequence of contributions mirrors the evolution of the journal since its founding in 1990, beginning with political history and gradually encompassing a much broader range of subjects and methodologies as well as an expanded geographical ambit. Here are archive stories, pleas for new subjects, roadmaps for new approaches to old subjects, and attempts to identify master narratives. Taken together, these contributions demonstrate that modern British history has many houses-which is both a sign of intellectual vitality and a challenge for anyone wishing to generalize about the 'state of the field'. If British modernity remains an abundant resource for 'thinking with', its contours and frontiers are tantalizingly up for grabs.</p>","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"35 1","pages":"7-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142516194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Looking Forward from the Back Catalogue of Twentieth Century British History: Editorial Introduction.","authors":"Christopher Hilliard","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwae007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwae007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"35 1","pages":"83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142516195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Ben Pimlott Memorial Lecture 2022: Patterns of Harm and Resistance: The Early History of Transphobic Algorithmic Bias.","authors":"Mar Hicks","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwae027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwae027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This piece explores an early example of transphobic algorithmic bias in an electronic computing system in the UK government, which was designed to collect taxes and apportion welfare state benefits. It argues that the logic of computation has long been used to obfuscate political decisions and launder government disdain for the rights and needs of marginalized groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"35 1","pages":"133-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142516211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}