Modern British history最新文献

Rolls-Royce engineers and deindustrialization in Scotland from the 1950s to the 2020s. 20世纪50年代至21世纪20年代，苏格兰的劳斯莱斯工程师和去工业化。

Modern British history Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1093/tcbh/hwaf002

Ewan Gibbs, Ewan Mackenzie, Alan McKinlay, Des McNulty, Jim Phillips, Stephen Procter

{"title":"Rolls-Royce engineers and deindustrialization in Scotland from the 1950s to the 2020s.","authors":"Ewan Gibbs, Ewan Mackenzie, Alan McKinlay, Des McNulty, Jim Phillips, Stephen Procter","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwaf002","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tcbh/hwaf002","url":null,"abstract":"Research involving Rolls-Royce engineers made redundant in 2020, when the firm ended its Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul operation at Inchinnan in Renfrewshire, Scotland, provides recent-world perspective on the history of deindustrialization in the UK. Specifically, it qualifies the half-life metaphor, which has been advanced in social sciences and humanities literature to explain the prolonged chronological impact of job losses and workplace closures. The metaphor imprecisely presents deindustrialization as a moment of rupture followed by a predictable contraction and downplays the continued importance of industrial work after the 1980s. Evidence provided by the redundant Rolls-Royce workers through life-course interviews and a survey questionnaire shows that deindustrialization is both a historical and continuing current-world process. Two phenomena are emphasized: the adaptation since the 1950s in Scotland of a robust industrial culture, equipped with moral economy understanding of employment changes; and, into the 2010s, the 'post-industrial' presence of significant levels of industrial and what we term 'industrial-analogous' employment in the UK.","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"36 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143782346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The National Front and environmental politics, 1967-90. 国民阵线与环境政治，1967- 1990。

Modern British history Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1093/tcbh/hwae053

Beth Bhargava

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Civil resettlement: citizenship, mental health and masculinity in repatriated British POWs. 民事重新安置：遣返英国战俘的公民身份、心理健康和男子气概。

Modern British history Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1093/tcbh/hwaf004

Gabriel Lawson

{"title":"Civil resettlement: citizenship, mental health and masculinity in repatriated British POWs.","authors":"Gabriel Lawson","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwaf004","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tcbh/hwaf004","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the programme of 'Civil Resettlement' created by the British Army's Department of Army Psychiatry to respond to the challenge of resettling prisoners of war (POWs) returning to the UK in 1945. Former POWs were seen as asocial and potentially subversive and were therefore encouraged to undergo a period of treatment in a Civil Resettlement Unit (CRU) before re-entering civilian life. These units sought to inculcate emotional health, 'good citizenship' and healthy masculinity in a supposedly at-risk population. Ex-POWs were seen as lacking in each of these categories due to the psychopathological environment present in Axis POW camps. POWs needed assistance on their return, lest the social stresses of resettlement result in permanent mental harm. Civil Resettlement was originally conceptualized as the solution to the emergent problem of mentally unwell POWs, but those who devised the programme held that it could be expanded to society as a whole. Unfortunately, post-war austerity meant that CRUs left a smaller legacy than their founders had hoped, but the short-lived programme raises questions surrounding the social nature of health and the relationships between citizenship, masculinity, and mental health.","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Anniversary fever? History and the culture of NHS celebration. 周年发烧吗?NHS庆祝活动的历史和文化。

Modern British history Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1093/tcbh/hwae066

Roberta Bivins, Mathew Thomson

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Race, homosexuality, and AIDS in London: the response of British AIDS voluntary organizations to Black gay men's sexual health needs during the AIDS crisis (1980s-2000). 伦敦的种族、同性恋和艾滋病：艾滋病危机期间英国艾滋病志愿组织对黑人男同性恋者性健康需求的回应（1980 -2000）。

Modern British history Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1093/tcbh/hwae061

Lucy Cann

{"title":"Race, homosexuality, and AIDS in London: the response of British AIDS voluntary organizations to Black gay men's sexual health needs during the AIDS crisis (1980s-2000).","authors":"Lucy Cann","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwae061","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tcbh/hwae061","url":null,"abstract":"Focusing on three specific organizations-The Terrence Higgins Trust (THT), Blackliners, and The NAZ Project (Naz)-this article explores the different ways in which voluntary organizations responded to Black gay men (BGM) in Britain during the AIDS crisis from the 1980s to 2000. Illustrating how the place of BGM in Britain at this time was multidimensional and often contradictory, the first section demonstrates how they required safer-sex messaging that took account of the heterogeneous ways in which they experienced the intersection of racism and homophobia. Situated in this context, the second section explores for the first time the well-documented work of THT as it applied to BGM. It shows how although the Trust increasingly recognized the need to reach BGM, white activists struggled to grapple with issues of race. It demonstrates how their work on race was shaped by the broader context of changes to voluntary organizations' relationship to the state. In doing so, it makes clear the challenges of intersectional activism with communities of colour for white-dominated organizations and sheds light on how the HIV/AIDS voluntary sector responded to communities with particular needs. Taking Black AIDS organizations as its focus, the final section uncovers how Blackliners and Naz centred gay men in their work and reveals their nuanced and culturally sensitive initiatives. By tracing the contrasting ways in which these organizations navigated contested understandings of race in the final decades of the twentieth century, this article demonstrates the real-world consequences of the fragmentation of political conceptions of Blackness.","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vice versa: sex work and drug use during the HIV epidemic in Thatcher's Britain. 反之亦然：撒切尔时期英国艾滋病流行期间的性工作和吸毒问题。

Modern British history Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1093/tcbh/hwaf003

Lola Dickinson

{"title":"Vice versa: sex work and drug use during the HIV epidemic in Thatcher's Britain.","authors":"Lola Dickinson","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwaf003","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tcbh/hwaf003","url":null,"abstract":"This article traces the origins of the present-day association of prostitution and drug addiction in Britain. Through an examination of a variety of political discussions in the 1980s that centred on sex work, drug use, and HIV/AIDS, I locate the emergence of the cultural legitimacy of narratives of addiction within discourses of prostitution. I argue that it was in the 1980s, within the context of the rise of heroin use and the concomitant emergence of AIDS, that the interwoven discourses of drug addiction and prostitution were forged and cemented. Within the context of these two 1980s epidemics, the discrete and intelligible figure of the 'drug-using prostitute' emerged. Public health policy approached sex work within the context of AIDS as inextricably linked to IV drug use both in their policy discussions and policy implementation. Yet, the emergence of the 'drug-using prostitute' also served other political and punitive ends, being used in debates around the criminalization of drug possession and sex work. Overwhelmingly, these political discussions gendered the sex worker and positioned her in opposition to the idealized heterosexual family, necessitating the policing and pathologization of both drug use and sex work. The use of the figure of the drug-using prostitute sits at the convergence of discourses of disease, criminality, publicness, gender, and moral depravity, and thus, this article contributes to the historiography of sex work, drug culture, public health, 'deviance', and Thatcherite Britain.","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The country house and the neoliberal society. 乡村别墅和新自由主义社会。

Modern British history Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1093/tcbh/hwaf001

Peter Mandler

引用次数: 0

The urban geography of pop in sixties Britain. 六十年代英国流行音乐的城市地理。

Modern British history Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1093/tcbh/hwae065

Simon Gunn

引用次数: 0

New moderationism: medical discourses on alcohol and the decline of drunkenness in interwar Britain. 新温和主义：关于酒精的医学论述和两次世界大战之间英国醉酒人数的下降。

Modern British history Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1093/tcbh/hwae060

Ryosuke Yokoe

{"title":"New moderationism: medical discourses on alcohol and the decline of drunkenness in interwar Britain.","authors":"Ryosuke Yokoe","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwae060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwae060","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the significant yet underappreciated role of medical experts in consolidating the promotion of moderate drinking as a viable solution to Britain's alcohol problem during the interwar period. The country's experience with alcohol regulation in the First World War showed that widespread drunkenness could be effectively managed through policies that restricted the availability of alcohol and encouraged moderation. This realization weakened the political standing of the temperance movement, as support for alcohol prohibition and abstinence waned, leading to the liberalization of social attitudes towards drinking. Such circumstances facilitated the emergence of New Moderationism, a renewed policy approach that regarded moderate drinking as relatively benign while cautioning against the dangers of heavy consumption. Medical professionals provided the conceptual foundation for New Moderationism by reassessing several assumptions on alcohol's conflicting reputation as either a 'poison' or a 'food', its benefits to drinkers, and its potential to cause disease. These considerations led to the conclusion that alcohol policy should focus not on whether people should drink, but on how much. This study thus underscores the pivotal contribution of medical professionals in the evolution of the alcohol debate between the two world wars, revealing the transformative impact of expertise on policymaking and social change in modern Britain.","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142961139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

'This modern Cinderella': Railway Queens, mass media, and British civic culture, 1925-75. “现代灰姑娘”：铁路女王、大众媒体和英国公民文化，1925- 1975。

Modern British history Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1093/tcbh/hwae054

Conner Rivers Scott

{"title":"'This modern Cinderella': Railway Queens, mass media, and British civic culture, 1925-75.","authors":"Conner Rivers Scott","doi":"10.1093/tcbh/hwae054","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tcbh/hwae054","url":null,"abstract":"Between 1925 and 1975, the British railway industry elected beauty queens from the daughters of employees. Focusing upon the Railway Queens, this article will reveal the importance of beauty queens as 'civic celebrities', a novel role for public figures that emerged between the wars and helped to sustain a vibrant civic culture across the early to mid-twentieth century. It combined the traditional ceremonial function of 'civic' representative with the modern consumerist ethos of media 'celebrity'. Despite the gendered constraints of such competitions, this article posits that serving as a beauty queen enabled young working-class women to become legitimate representatives of various civic communities for the first time, whilst also enabling participation in the media's image-making of glamorous, consumerist femininities. As such, the role rendered civic and consumer cultures more inclusive and increasingly inextricable. This article further suggests that civic celebrities altered how communities were represented to themselves within British civic culture. If elites continued to represent hierarchical communities of authority and deference, then from the 1920s onwards, civic celebrities such as beauty queens began to represent relatively democratic communities of non-partisan inclusivity and consumer aspiration.","PeriodicalId":520090,"journal":{"name":"Modern British history","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0