Biophotonics discovery最新文献

{"title":"Structured light imaging mesoscopy: application to skin changes in scleroderma.","authors":"Aarohi Mahesh Mehendale, Mahsa Parsanasab, Kavon Karrobi, Hung Vo, Andreea M Bujor, Vasan Venugopalan, Darren Roblyer","doi":"10.1117/1.BIOS.2.2.025002","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.BIOS.2.2.025002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Scleroderma is a chronic, autoimmune disorder, characterized by the fibrosis of skin and internal organs. The extent of skin fibrosis is a good predictor of disease severity and mortality. Structured light imaging mesoscopy (SLIM) is a noncontact and label-free imaging technique that requires minimal postprocessing and no inverse model. SLIM may provide improved disease diagnosis and monitoring of scleroderma.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to evaluate SLIM as a new optical method to assess skin involvement in scleroderma.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>SLIM measurements were collected from 25 scleroderma patients and 18 healthy controls across a range of spatial frequencies and wavelengths to find the optimal imaging parameters across skin tones. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted on a multilayer skin model that mimicked known biological changes in scleroderma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clinical data and simulations show that optimal spatial frequency ( <math> <mrow><msub><mi>f</mi> <mi>x</mi></msub> </mrow> </math> ) and spectral ( <math><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow> </math> ) imaging parameters for scleroderma monitoring lie in the range of <math> <mrow><msub><mi>f</mi> <mi>x</mi></msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.15</mn></mrow> </math> to <math><mrow><mn>0.2</mn> <mtext>  </mtext> <msup><mi>mm</mi> <mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn></mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math> and <math><mrow><mi>λ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>811</mn></mrow> </math> to 851 nm, irrespective of subject skin tone. SLIM measurements taken with these parameters provided discrimination of scleroderma from healthy skin with an area under the curve of <math><mrow><mo>≥</mo> <mn>0.87</mn></mrow> </math> . We hypothesize that these changes correspond to changes in dermal collagen.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SLIM can be used as a quantitative and objective method to assess skin involvement in scleroderma. The optimal imaging parameters target the relevant depths of the skin, making it sensitive to biological changes in scleroderma.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"2 2","pages":"025002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13098738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing the influence of skin pigmentation on pulse oximetry.","authors":"Arjun Putcha, Kevin Schichlein, Tien Nguyen, Brayden Davis, Rachel Choffin, Simran Malik, Aastha Sharma, Grace Sosa, Sara Saffari, Joseph Ribaudo, Jessica Guidici, Robert Lampman, John Eian, Michael Kosorok, Leonid Shmuylovich, Mitchell Pet, Wubin Bai","doi":"10.1117/1.BIOS.2.3.032506","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.BIOS.2.3.032506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Pulse oximeters are frequently used in healthcare settings to noninvasively estimate blood oxygen levels in patients, in turn influencing clinical decision-making. However, numerous studies have found pulse oximeters consistently overestimate oxygen levels in patients of color, with this overestimation increasing as oxygen levels decline. Although some reports postulate skin pigmentation may be the source of bias, to our knowledge, the precise impact of skin pigmentation on pulse oximetry has not been elucidated.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Our objective is to experimentally characterize the impact of skin pigmentation on pulse oximeters across a broad range of oxygen saturations and determine whether skin pigmentation can explain the observed pulse oximeter bias in patients of color.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using a live porcine model, we experimentally demonstrate the impact of skin pigmentation on pulse oximeter calculation. In particular, we show that skin pigmentation attenuates the sensitivity of red-light absorption to changes in oxygen saturation and show that the pulse oximeter output is consequently attenuated in pigmented skin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The systematic animal experiments confirm the confounding impact of skin pigmentation on intermediate calculations of pulse oximetry, and validate existing clinical observations of pulse oximeter bias in patients of color.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"2 3","pages":"032506"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13052487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-speed fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy: techniques, applications, and prospects.","authors":"Hiroshi Kanno, Fan Li, Jongchan Park, Hidenori Endo, Kuniyasu Niizuma, Liang Gao, Keisuke Goda","doi":"10.1117/1.BIOS.2.3.030901","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.BIOS.2.3.030901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) has been gaining increasing attention due to its capability to provide robust, accurate, and quantitative measurements compared with conventional intensity-based fluorescence microscopy. However, the slow imaging speed of FLIM has long been a major limitation for expanding its applications in biology and medicine.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to discuss recent advancements in FLIM to enhance imaging speed and explore its biomedical applications and future prospects.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We discuss high-speed FLIM techniques by categorizing them into time-domain and frequency-domain approaches, as well as wide-field and beam-scanning imaging schemes, with a focus on their combinations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Recent advances in high-speed FLIM have been primarily driven by innovations in fluorescence detection schemes for wide-field imaging, as well as fluorescence excitation strategies for beam-scanning imaging. By enhancing FLIM imaging speed to levels comparable with intensity-based fluorescence microscopy, the observation of fast cellular dynamics, such as neural spiking, and large-scale image-based analysis of heterogeneous cells have become feasible. In addition, promising directions for the future development of high-speed FLIM include further utilization of fit-free analysis, implementation of video-rate 3D FLIM, and realization of FLIM-based cell sorting.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The development of high-speed FLIM promises new opportunities in cell biology, biophysics, and neurology.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"2 3","pages":"030901"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13052494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What do we know about the epidermis' optical properties and their influence on optical device functionality?","authors":"Tananant Boonya-Ananta, Andres J Rodriguez, Ajmal Ajmal, JunZhu Pei, Kimberly L Branan, Amanda Sanchez, Marianne Porras Bouzas, Michael Alzamora, Gerard L Coté, Jessica C Ramella-Roman","doi":"10.1117/1.BIOS.2.3.032505","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.BIOS.2.3.032505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We review the published work on the optical properties of the epidermis. Considering three primary skin tone groups, we summarize the existing data on epidermal absorption and scattering coefficient across the 300- to 1000-nm range. We include both experimentally derived values and ones extrapolated through models of bulk skin. We note a paucity of experimental data across all skin tones, which highlights the need for further research on epidermal melanin and skin tone to improve the reliability of optical devices interfacing with the skin.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"2 3","pages":"032505"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13052491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal esophageal cancer imaging: establishing data processing techniques and assessing diagnostic sensitivity.","authors":"Justina Bonaventura, Natzem Lima, Joshua Routh, Aws Alameri, Shivanand Bomman, Bhaskar Banerjee, Hemanth Gavini, Travis Sawyer","doi":"10.1117/1.BIOS.2.2.022704","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.BIOS.2.2.022704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multimodal optical imaging techniques have generated significant interest for applications such as cancer detection, as combining complementary modalities could broaden the ability to detect early disease changes, as well as address patient-to-patient variability. However, there are challenges in determining how different imaging modalities may or may not complement one another and how best to capitalize on these advantages through computational analysis. We investigate the application of multimodal imaging for the purpose of detecting esophageal cancer, the sixth most deadly cancer in the world. To achieve this, we acquired multimodal optical imaging data-specifically autofluorescence, hyperspectral, polarized light, and optical coherence tomography (OCT)-from fresh human tissue samples obtained during upper endoscopy. Our analysis then addressed three key questions: Which individual modality best differentiates between healthy and cancerous tissues? How can data from these modalities be integrated to maximize discrimination? What computational methods are suitable for analyzing the resulting high-dimensional multimodal datasets? Our findings indicate that polarized light imaging (PLI) exhibits the strongest discriminatory power under these imaging conditions, with potential benefits observed from combining PLI and OCT in a multimodal approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"2 2","pages":"022704"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13098744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smartphone tristimulus colorimetry for skin-tone analysis at common pulse oximetry anatomical sites.","authors":"Joshua A Burrow, Rutendo Jakachira, Gannon Lemaster, Kimani C Toussaint","doi":"10.1117/1.BIOS.2.3.032504","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.BIOS.2.3.032504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Smartphones hold great potential in point-of-care settings due to their accessibility and computational capabilities. This is critical as clinicians increasingly seek to quantify skin-tone, a characteristic that has been shown to impact the accuracy of pulse oximetry readings, particularly for dark skin tones, and, hence, disproportionately affect patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We present a smartphone-based imaging technique for determining individual typology angle (ITA) and compare these results to those obtained using an industry-standard tristimulus colorimeter, particularly for the finger, a common site for pulse oximetry measurements.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We employ a smartphone-based imaging method to extract ITA values from four volunteers across diverse skin-tones. We provide recommendations for minimizing errors caused by ambient light scattering, which can affect skin-tone readings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The smartphone-based ITA (SITA) measurements with camera flash disabled and minimal ambient lighting correlate well with an industry-standard colorimeter without the need for auxiliary adapters and complex calibration. The method presented enables wide-field ITA mapping for skin-tone quantification that is accessible to clinicians.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that smartphone-based imaging provides an effective alternative for assessing skin-tone in clinical settings. The reduced complexity of the approach presented makes it highly accessible to the clinical community and others interested in carrying out pulse oximetry across a diversity of skin-tones in a manner that standardizes skin-tone assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"2 3","pages":"032504"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13052481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-cost optical system for laser phacoemulsification of cataracts.","authors":"Mitchell Harrah, Abdul Mohaimen Safi, Sadhu Moka, Ramesh Ayyala, Ashwin B Parthasarathy","doi":"10.1117/1.BIOS.2.2.022304","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.BIOS.2.2.022304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Laser-based phacoemulsification is the preferred treatment for surgical removal of cataracts in the eye. Conventional methods of laser phacoemulsification use expensive, high-powered lasers that use femtosecond pulses to soften and emulsify cataracts, resulting in low- to middle-income countries relying on methods that lead to longer recovery times and higher rates of infection and astigmatism.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We introduce and demonstrate the potential of laser phacoemulsification using a millisecond pulsed laser that can be realized using a low-cost diode laser.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We show proof of concept for this device using computer simulations in COMSOL and with a prototype instrument tested on different tissue-simulating phantoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our experiments show that the millisecond pulsed laser liquifies cataract-like tissues only at the point of illumination.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A low-cost device for phacoemulsification can potentially reduce the burden of cataract surgeries in low-resource settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"2 2","pages":"022304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13098750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discussions of Discovery and Translation with Jennifer Barton.","authors":"Travis Sawyer","doi":"10.1117/1.BIOS.2.2.020501","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.BIOS.2.2.020501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Jennifer Barton discusses her pioneering work in optical imaging, in conversation with Travis Sawyer for Biophotonics Discovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"2 2","pages":"020501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13107247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiomic identification of anemia features in monochromatic conjunctiva photographs in school-age children.","authors":"Shaun G Hong, Sang Mok Park, Semin Kwon, Haripriya Sakthivel, Jung Woo Leem, Steven R Steinhubl, Pascal Ngiruwonsanga, Jean-Louis N Mangara, Célestin Twizere, Young L Kim","doi":"10.1117/1.bios.2.2.022303","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.bios.2.2.022303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Anemia remains a substantial global health challenge. Delayed detection often leads to various health complications. In school-age children, anemia can impair both cognitive and physical development. Timely detection is particularly critical for this vulnerable population as effective interventions are available even in resource-limited settings.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Most existing methods for assessing conjunctiva paleness or redness in anemia detection rely on colorimetric analyses or spectral imaging, which require sophisticated color processing methods or specialized equipment. We introduce an alternative that takes advantage of purely spatial and textural characteristics of the conjunctiva microvasculature for anemia detection.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Radiomics, an emerging machine learning approach for conventional medical imaging, is applied to conjunctiva photos to analyze morphological alterations in the microvasculature beyond direct visualization. Radiomic analyses are conducted on 12,441 palpebral and 12,375 bulbar conjunctiva photos, captured using three different smartphone models from 565 children aged 5 to 15 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Spatial and textural features extracted from the palpebral and bulbar conjunctivae are significantly associated with anemia status in school-age children, demonstrating their potential as biomarkers of anemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Instead of relying on color-based or spectral analyses of pallor in the conjunctiva, the proposed framework lays the groundwork for simplifying the hardware and algorithmic requirements of point-of-care, noninvasive anemia screening in sub-Saharan Africa and other resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Label-free method to monitor metabolism during long-term culture of human pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes.","authors":"Tongcheng Qian, Danielle E Desa, Emmanuel Contreras Guzman, Wenxuan Zhao, Xiaotian Zhang, Sean P Palecek, Melissa C Skala","doi":"10.1117/1.bios.2.2.025001","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.bios.2.2.025001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Human pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) are a powerful tool for drug discovery, and metabolic changes are associated with their long-term culture and maturation. However, the lack of technologies to monitor hPSC-derived cardiomyocyte metabolism during long-term culture presents a major technical bottleneck.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Efforts to monitor <i>in vitro</i> metabolic maturation of hPSC-CMs are limited by traditional assessment methods, which are generally time-consuming, destructive to samples, and lack single-cell resolution. We report a rapid, noninvasive imaging-based method to monitor hPSC-CM metabolism throughout extended culture (90+ days).</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Label-free optical metabolic imaging (OMI) of autofluorescent metabolic coenzymes was performed at multiple time points during the extended culture maturation process. In addition, OMI monitored hPSC-CMs grown on substrates with varying stiffness and on cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells associated with cardiac arrhythmia. OMI was paired with immunofluorescence to validate structural maturation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Single-cell OMI can identify metabolic changes during cardiomyocyte maturation through extended <i>in vitro</i> culturing. It can also detect metabolic differences induced by substrates of varying stiffnesses, can distinguish diseased from normal cell lines, and is sensitive to patient-level metabolic heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results demonstrate that label-free OMI can be used to monitor metabolic changes in hPSC-CMs under varying culture conditions in a rapid, non-destructive manner with single-cell resolution, providing insight into metabolic transitions arising from time in culture, culture conditions, or disease states.</p>","PeriodicalId":519981,"journal":{"name":"Biophotonics discovery","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12225635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}