BMC global and public health最新文献

{"title":"In-hospital trends of non-communicable disease mortality during the pandemic for patients without COVID-19 at a regional referral hospital in southwestern Uganda.","authors":"Peter K Olds, Edwin Nuwagira, Paul S Obwoya, Grace Kansiime, Nicholas Musinguzi, Lenus Tumwekwatse, Racheal Ninsiima, Shadia Mwesigwa, Daniel Mujuni, Ronald Awani Okii, Lorna Atimango, Julius Ssempiira, Jessica E Haberer, Samson Okello","doi":"10.1186/s44263-025-00155-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s44263-025-00155-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a growing health burden in sub-Saharan Africa, especially in Uganda. The COVID-19 pandemic presented significant challenges for the Ugandan healthcare system, though changes in hospital admissions and outcomes for adults with NCDs and without COVID-19 infection remain unknown. We evaluated trends of NCD-related in-hospital mortality among patients without COVID-19 in a large regional referral hospital in Uganda from March 2019 through August 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between March 1, 2019, and August 31, 2021, we conducted a chart review of Ugandan adults who carried a history of or were admitted for an NCD to Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital. Based on mortality trends, we broke admissions into three periods: Pre-Pandemic (March 1, 2019, to May 31, 2020), Early Pandemic (June 1, 2020, to March 31, 2021), and Late Pandemic (April 1, 2021, to August 31, 2021), and calculated admission and mortality rates for the most common NCD diagnoses. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted for a primary outcome of in-hospital mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 3777 total individuals, 1655 were admitted Pre-Pandemic, 1423 in the Early Pandemic, and 699 in the Late Pandemic. We found a five-fold increase in mortality in the Early Pandemic period compared to the Pre-Pandemic and Late Pandemic periods (15.4 vs 2.9 vs 2.4, p < 0.001). Factors associated with increased odds for in-hospital mortality included admission during the Early Pandemic period (odds ratio [OR] 5.59; 95% CI 3.90, 8.02; p < 0.001), admission with hypotension (OR 2.13; 95% CI 1.40, 3.24; p < 0.001), admission diagnosis of malignancy (OR 1.79; 95% CI 1.06, 3.01; p = 0.028) and stroke (OR 1.75; 95% CI 1.06, 2.88; p = 0.028), and each unit increase in SOFA score (OR 1.41; 95% CI 1.30, 1.52; p < 0.001). Length of stay greater than 7 days was associated with decreased odds of in-hospital mortality (OR 0.56; 95%CI 0.40, 0.79; p = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NCD-associated in-hospital mortality was high in the early COVID-19 pandemic period. Disruptions in longitudinal NCD care that occurred due to the pandemic may have been contributory, though this requires further investigation. Future work should focus on NCD care for hospitalized individuals in resource limited settings and developing more resilient systems of NCD care.</p>","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12007316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical cancer screening data from the case-based national electronic registry in Bangladesh.","authors":"Ashrafun Nessa, Abul Kalam Azad, Shekh Md Nizam Uddin, Muhammad Abdul Hannan Khan, Shreshtha Zaman, Mohammad Abdus Salam Khan","doi":"10.1186/s44263-025-00145-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s44263-025-00145-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Government of Bangladesh established a visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA)-based cervical cancer screening programme at 600 primary, secondary and tertiary health facilities following a pilot programme in 2005. An aggregated data collection system was initiated using District Health Information System 2 (DHIS2) software in 2013 and a case-based electronic data registry system was developed utilising its \"tracker\" component since January 2018. The purpose of this study is to review the cervical cancer surveillance situation based on the data of the national cervical cancer screening, treatment and follow-up through the DHIS2-based electronic registry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Women aged 30 to 60 were enrolled in the DHIS2 electronic registry in health facilities of all tiers including the community clinics and screened for cervical cancer using the VIA method at Upazila Health Complexes and upper tiers. The VIA-positive women were referred for colposcopy in the nearest colposcopy centres. The screen-positive women were offered treatment and followed up at certain intervals following the national standard protocol. During each encounter, required data were captured in DHIS2. Anonymised data from the DHIS2 covering January 2018 to May 2023 were extracted and analysed for this study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,562,963 women were enrolled in 497 screening facilities and 6398 community clinics. Among them, 1,557,002 (99.6%) availed VIA tests, and primary health facilities performed 74.4% enrolments and 72% VIA tests. Among screened women, 51,913 (3.3%) were VIA positive, of which only 20,954 (40.4%) attended for colposcopy. Among colposcopy-positive women, 6.3% (1,327) and 6.2% (1,302) women had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) II/III and cervical carcinoma, respectively. Among women who received treatment for cervical precancer, 81.6% (5062) had thermal ablation, and 17.6% (1089) had loop electrosurgical excision procedure. Histopathology reports (n = 3079) revealed 16.1% (n = 495) of women had squamous cell carcinoma, 4.0% (n = 123) had micro-invasive squamous cell carcinoma, 11.7% (n = 36) had CIN II, and 8.1% (n = 250) had CIN III.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The National Cervical Cancer Screening and Treatment Programme for women in Bangladesh using a DHIS2-based electronic case-based tracking system is effective in understanding the screening situation and can be a valuable lesson for other countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11984040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144061115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intimate partner violence among lesbian, bisexual, and queer women students on campuses in South Africa: a qualitative study exploring context, drivers, and impacts.","authors":"Pinky Mahlangu, Carrie Brooke-Sumner, Yandisa Sikweyiya, Kristin Dunkle, Ntlotleng Mabena, Rachel Jewkes, Sinegugu Duma, Nelisiwe Khuzwayo, Elizabeth Dartnall, Managa Pillay, Mercilene Tanyaradzwa Machisa","doi":"10.1186/s44263-025-00149-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s44263-025-00149-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global public health problem, associated with negative physical and mental health impacts. Research on IPV has mainly focused on heterosexual relationships with limited focus on same-sex relationships. This paper reports the findings of a qualitative study which explored experiences, context, drivers, and impact of IPV in same-sex relationships of students who identify as lesbian, bisexual, and queer (LBQ) women at three campuses in a university in South Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected data through focus group discussions (FGDs) with 56 students who self-identified as LBQ women. Participants were Black African, between 18 and 30 years of age, enrolled in courses for at least 1 year, and volunteered to participate in group discussions. Data were analyzed inductively using a thematic analysis approach. We drew from the post-structural feminist theory to understand the relationship dynamics in same sex relationships of LBQ women.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three themes were developed through the analysis of data. The first theme is on the nature and forms of violence experienced by LBQ women-where women described bidirectional partner violence, including physical, sexual, and emotional IPV, and controlling behaviors in their relationships; and discrimination and disregard for bisexual women. Theme two highlighted the drivers and context of violence experience and enactment in intimate relationships which included multiple factors: past traumas, previous experience of violence, poor communication and poor conflict resolution skills, and heteronormativity and gender norms. IPV occurred when gender roles and expectations were not met, and when contesting for power and dominance in relationships. The last theme elaborates on the mental health impacts of IPV among LBQ women which included depression, anger, self-hate, and negatively impacted self-esteem. Furthermore, participants spoke of their mental health contributing to IPV perpetration and negatively affecting their academic outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest the need for IPV interventions that address both victimization and perpetration, given the occurrence of bidirectional violence. Such interventions should focus on building healthy and non-violent relationships and on promoting mental health of LBQ women students in same-sex relationships. Interventions should be co-developed with LBQ women on campuses for greater relevance and impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11980307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143813017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pay-it-forward as a strategy to increase vaccine uptake.","authors":"Yifan Li, Jing Li, Joseph D Tucker, Elvin H Geng, Dan Wu","doi":"10.1186/s44263-025-00151-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s44263-025-00151-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11980111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of foodborne hazards associated with inflammation and metabolic health.","authors":"Srishti Sinha, Laura S Hackl, Samantha L Huey, Elisabetta Lambertini, Stella Nordhagen, Anna M Bennett, Nidhi Shrestha, Nathaniel L Cole, Julia L Finkelstein, Saurabh Mehta","doi":"10.1186/s44263-025-00150-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s44263-025-00150-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Access to safe and nutritious food is key to ensuring health and well-being and is critical to meeting the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. However, a synthesis of the associations between foodborne illness and malnutrition, such as metabolic health, remains a gap in the literature base. In this review, we summarized existing evidence on the impacts of biological and chemical hazards on nutrition-related health outcomes, specifically overweight and obesity, inflammation, metabolic disease, thyroid function, cancer development, and adverse birth outcomes, examining physiological mechanisms, epidemiological associations, and animal studies. Mechanisms between some foodborne hazards, such as H. pylori, and adverse pregnancy outcomes, e.g., gestational diabetes mellitus, or between nitrates and impaired thyroid function, are relatively well-studied. However, evidence on the effects of many other chemical hazards on metabolic and human health remains limited: for example, while arsenic exposure is associated with adverse birth outcomes, the limited availability of dose-response studies and other challenges limit ascertaining its causal role. Untangling these associations and physiological mechanisms is of high relevance for both high- as well as low- and middle-income countries. Emerging technologies and novel assessment techniques are needed to improve the detection and understanding of understudied and complex foodborne diseases, particularly those arising from chemical hazards. These evidence gaps are highlighted in this review, as well as the need for establishing surveillance systems for monitoring foodborne diseases and metabolic health outcomes across populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11980346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143813021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and implementation of a website assessment tool to evaluate policies and resources for sexual assault and alcohol use on US college campuses.","authors":"Elizabeth A Walker, Regina Futcher, Naomi Segel, Nandana Menon, Julia Vroman, Alyssa E Gribov, Kayla Ortiz, Robert W S Coulter, Christina F Mair, Elizabeth Miller, Rachel E Gartner","doi":"10.1186/s44263-025-00144-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s44263-025-00144-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sexual assault on college campuses is a major public health concern. Over half of incidents of sexual violence on college campuses occur in the context of victim or perpetrator alcohol use. Students who have experienced sexual violence, including in the context of alcohol use, are likely to seek information about sexual violence resources and services online.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a Website Assessment Tool to capture a student's perspective when navigating campus sexual violence and alcohol websites to find resources and services. The tool evaluates (1) accessibility, (2) comprehensibility, and (3) inclusivity of sexual violence and alcohol prevention information and resources. Alcohol policies and alcohol-related campus resources are also evaluated for linkage to sexual violence information. We assessed websites from 36 college campuses across the USA participating in a sexual violence prevention study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The accessibility, comprehensibility, and inclusivity of educational content, services, and supports related to sexual violence and alcohol use varied widely. Websites with Title IX regulations, outlining protections against sex-based discrimination, were easily accessible for each school. Identifying whether services were confidential was inconsistent. Sexual violence resources were difficult to locate or embedded in lengthy text and difficult to comprehend, terms were not always defined, and descriptions of services were not explicitly inclusive of diverse populations. The alcohol policies for each school were accessible. Most campuses' (97%) alcohol policies and resources did not include sexual violence-related information or link alcohol-related information to their student counseling or health center website.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This Website Assessment Tool may be useful for college campuses seeking to optimize their students' receipt of information related to sexual violence and alcohol to increase awareness of sexual violence support services and to connect survivors with resources. Both sexual violence and alcohol use prevention and intervention strategies should include the prevalence and increased risk of alcohol-involved sexual violence on college campuses to help reduce alcohol-involved sexual violence and ensure survivors are connected to supports and services with few to no barriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143757243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging the science of implementation: the case for specialized mental health community supervision.","authors":"Tonya B Van Deinse, Benjamin J Mackey, Nicholas K Powell","doi":"10.1186/s44263-025-00147-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s44263-025-00147-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People with mental illnesses are overrepresented in criminal legal systems internationally, making addressing mental health among this population a global public health concern. Across the world, community supervision agencies (i.e., probation and parole) have implemented a variety of innovative and evidence-informed approaches to improve outcomes for people with mental illness. However, the demonstrated success of these approaches in one region or country does not guarantee effectiveness in another due to significant variations in the implementation context, including differences in governance and administration, society and culture, and resource constraints. Applying implementation science methods throughout the phases of intervention (design and development, implementation, and evaluation) provides tools that can help translate innovations within and across different agencies, countries, and contexts. To highlight how implementation science methods can be used to adapt and implement health interventions within criminal legal system settings, this perspective uses the example of specialized mental health community supervision in the USA. Drawing on general implementation science principles and the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment (EPIS) framework, we articulate key questions and steps agencies can take to translate health interventions from theory into practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143757274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young adulthood: a transitional period with lifelong implications for health and wellbeing.","authors":"Naja Hulvej Rod, Megan Davies, Tjeerd Rudmer de Vries, Bertina Kreshpaj, Henning Drews, Tri-Long Nguyen, Leonie K Elsenburg","doi":"10.1186/s44263-025-00148-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s44263-025-00148-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The future of pandemic modeling in support of decision making: lessons learned from COVID-19.","authors":"Kelly R Moran, Tammie Lopez, Sara Y Del Valle","doi":"10.1186/s44263-025-00143-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s44263-025-00143-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The devastating global impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic are a stark reminder of the need for proactive and effective pandemic response. Disease modeling and forecasting are key in this response, as they enable forward-looking assessment and strategic planning. Via 85 interviews spanning 14 countries with disease modelers and those they support, conducted amid the COVID-19 pandemic response, we offer a qualitative overview of challenges faced, lessons learned, and readiness for future pandemics. The interviewees highlighted several key challenges and considerations in forecasting, particularly emphasizing the complications introduced by human behavior and various data-related issues (including data availability, quality, and standardization). They underscored the importance of effective communication among those who create models, those who make decisions based on these models, and the general public. Additionally, they pointed out the necessity for addressing global equity, debated the merits of centralized versus decentralized responses to crises, and stressed the need for establishing measures for sustainable preparedness. Their verdicts on future pandemic readiness were mixed, with only 43% of respondents saying we are better prepared for a future pandemic. We conclude by providing our vision for how modeling can and should look in the context of a successful pandemic response, in light of the insights gleaned via the interview process. These interviews and their synthesis offer crucial perspectives to shape future responses and preparedness for global health crises.</p>","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging wastewater sequencing to strengthen global public health surveillance.","authors":"Victor Gordeev, Martin Hölzer, Daniel Desirò, Iryna V Goraichuk, Sergey Knyazev, Helena Solo-Gabriele, Pavel Skums, Smruthi Karthikeyan, Alexandria Evans, Shelesh Agrawal, Alexander G Lucaci, Christopher E Mason, Justin M Su, Cynthia Gibas, Niranjan Nagarajan, Rafael Peres da Silva, Nicolae Drabcinski, Viorel Munteanu, Lingyu Zhan, Julia Rubin, Nicholas C Wu, Andrew Trister, Dumitru Ciorba, Viorel Bostan, Andrei Lobiuc, Mihai Covasa, Roel A Ophoff, Alex Zelikovsky, Mihai Dimian, Serghei Mangul","doi":"10.1186/s44263-025-00138-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s44263-025-00138-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519903,"journal":{"name":"BMC global and public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11927347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}