The National medical journal of India最新文献

{"title":"Lamellar cataract in a child with Alagille syndrome.","authors":"Sudarshan Khokhar, Deeksha Rani, Vaibhav Namdev, Aishwarya Rathod, Saumya Kumar","doi":"10.25259/NMJI_761_2022","DOIUrl":"10.25259/NMJI_761_2022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alagille syndrome is a multisystem disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant manner with a variable phenotypic presentation. Typical features include intrahepatic bile duct paucity, butterfly-shaped vertebrae, typical facies, axenfeld anomaly (posterior embryotoxon) and cardiac abnormalities. Since this syndrome has typical ocular associations, ophthalmologists also have an important role in diagnosing the condition. Ocular features include posterior embryotoxon, corneal pannus, chorioretinal abnormalities and posterior subcapsular cataract. We report a toddler, diagnosed with Alagille syndrome who presented to us with a visually significant lamellar cataract in both eyes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reporting lamellar cataract in a toddler with Alagille syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":519891,"journal":{"name":"The National medical journal of India","volume":"37 6","pages":"327-328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Genomics in Reshaping Healthcare Delivery: Personalized Medicine.","authors":"Chakradhara Rao S Uppugunduri, Adithan Chandrasekaran","doi":"10.25259/NMJI_93_2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/NMJI_93_2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519891,"journal":{"name":"The National medical journal of India","volume":"37 6","pages":"301-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter from Chennai.","authors":"M K Mani","doi":"10.25259/NMJI_1192_2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/NMJI_1192_2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519891,"journal":{"name":"The National medical journal of India","volume":"37 6","pages":"354-355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood safety training: Can virtual training replace in-person training?","authors":"Parmatma Prasad Tripathi, Vijay Kumawat","doi":"10.25259/NMJI_142_2024","DOIUrl":"10.25259/NMJI_142_2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Healthcare professionals require continuous professional development and training to improve their knowledge and skills to prevent or minimize errors in blood transfusion. The novel Coronavirus-19 (Covid-19) pandemic affected face-to-face medical education and resulted in a shift from traditional education methods to online or virtual methods. We analysed the effect of virtual blood safety training on participant's knowledge and perception. Methods A prospective analysis of pre-test and post-test responses to a 25-item multiple choice questionnaire and feedback received for the training programme were analysed. The training feedback was obtained using a Google form link. Results The mean pre-test score of 131 analyzed participants was 16.02, which increased to 18.06 after the training. The difference was not statistically significant. The mean pre-test and post-test scores for doctors (n=45) were 17.91 and 19.33, respectively which was statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean pre-test (15.03) and post-test (17.39) scores of technical staff (n=86). The majority (54%) preferred in-person physical training during feedback. Conclusion Virtual training can be conducted as a temporary measure. We did not find a difference in participants' knowledge except for doctors. The majority of participants preferred in-person training.</p>","PeriodicalId":519891,"journal":{"name":"The National medical journal of India","volume":"37 6","pages":"322-324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Objective structured practical examination (OSPE) for formative assessment of medical undergraduates in Biochemistry.","authors":"Shilpa Suneja, Charanjeet Kaur","doi":"10.25259/NMJI_517_2022","DOIUrl":"10.25259/NMJI_517_2022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Assessment is a process that includes ascertainment of improvement in students' performance over time, motivation of students to study, evaluation of teaching methods and ranking of students. Despite the new competency-based medical education, assessment remains a largely untouched aspect. Most medical colleges still follow the conventional practical examination (CPE) methods that raise concerns about examiner variability, standardisation, and assessment uniformity. Objective structured practical examination (OSPE) includes objective testing through direct observation, knowledge assessment, comprehension, and skills. We studied the feasibility and acceptability of OSPE as a method of formative assessment of practical skills in biochemistry and to determine faculty and student perception of OSPE as an assessment tool. Methods Phase 1 MBBS students of the 2020-21 batch of Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, were divided into two groups of 85 students each. The first group was assessed for Competency-1 through CPE and the second group was assessed for the same competency through OSPE. These students were then crossed over. The first group was now assessed for Competency-2 through OSPE and the second through CPE for the same competency. The process was repeated for the third and fourth competencies. Thus, two crossovers were performed with four OSPEs and their corresponding CPEs. The mean scores of the students were compared using both assessment methods, using an unpaired student 't' test. Bland-Altman analysis was done to compare differences between OSPE and CPE. Student and faculty feedback was collected on a 5-point Likert scale for close-ended questions, and a thematic analysis of open-ended questions was done. Results When assessed with OSPE, students' mean scores were found to be significantly higher (p<0.001) than CPE. Cronbach alpha of the questions administered had high internal consistency with a score of 0.83 for students and 0.89 for the faculty. Conclusion OSPE can be used for formative assessments in undergraduate medical students in biochemistry as it is feasible and acceptable to both students and faculty and brings a level of objectivity and structure to the assessment process.</p>","PeriodicalId":519891,"journal":{"name":"The National medical journal of India","volume":"37 5","pages":"261-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventing malaria by administering a monoclonal antibody.","authors":"Pragyan Acharya","doi":"10.25259/NMJI_679_2024","DOIUrl":"10.25259/NMJI_679_2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519891,"journal":{"name":"The National medical journal of India","volume":"37 5","pages":"259-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Albert Einstein and Jacob Chandy.","authors":"K Rajasekharan Nair","doi":"10.25259/NMJI_261_2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/NMJI_261_2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519891,"journal":{"name":"The National medical journal of India","volume":"37 5","pages":"281-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of online active learning strategies in first year medical students.","authors":"Padmaja Dara, Ramadevi Mopuri, Sujatharani A","doi":"10.25259/NMJI_618_2022","DOIUrl":"10.25259/NMJI_618_2022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Didactic lectures form a large part of the teaching-learning process in medical education. To impart competency-based medical education (CBME) in the Covid-19 pandemic there was a shift to online learning. This pedagogical change would likely impact the efficacy of student learning outcomes. Several studies have shown that learning outcomes and knowledge retention increase considerably when lectures are interactive. However, the efficacy of online teaching with active learning strategies has not been studied. Methods At the Department of Biochemistry, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, we did this study with 203 first year MBBS students. Five sessions were conducted on the topic of 'Enzymology' with appropriate active learning methods. Each lecture session was preceded and followed by a test, which included multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and brief note questions (BNQs). Feedback of students, was recorded on the 5-point Likert scale from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Results The majority of students felt that answering questions in the pre-test required substantial effort compared to the post-test. The case scenarios included in the pre-test had a positive impact on the curiosity of students. The activities as part of self-directed learning were interesting, and enhanced understanding and retention. They felt lectures without pre-and post-tests were less efficacious and thus should be continued in all the classes. Conclusion Online lectures without pre-and post-test model were less efficacious. Online teaching, coupled with active learning increased interest and the understanding capacity of students.</p>","PeriodicalId":519891,"journal":{"name":"The National medical journal of India","volume":"37 5","pages":"267-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumour-induced osteomalacia.","authors":"Athira Ramakrishanan, Aashish Parekh, Shankarmurthy Gayana, Shanthi Velusamy, Abhilasha Sadhoo","doi":"10.25259/NMJI_639_21","DOIUrl":"10.25259/NMJI_639_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tumour-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome caused by increased production of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23). A 45-year-old man presented to us with progressive weakness over 2 years along with recurrent fractures with minimal trauma. His FGF-23 was found to be above the normal range and DOTATATE positron emission tomography (PET) scan showed a well-defined enhancing soft tissue density involving the left posterior ethmoid with extension to the spheno-ethmoidal recess and sphenoid sinus ostium. He underwent endoscopic sinus surgery and excision of the tumour. Histopathological examination showed features of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumour-mixed connective tissue type. Postoperatively the serum phosphorus level increased from day 1 and reached the normal value of 2.5 mg/dl on day 3. He was discharged and continued on oral calcium and vitamin D3. Gradually his myalgia improved and he started walking independently over the next 1 month. The mean delay from symptom onset to treatment in our patient was 2 years and 5 months. Timely diagnosis and meticulous follow-up are necessary for the management of patients with this rare disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":519891,"journal":{"name":"The National medical journal of India","volume":"37 5","pages":"253-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UK-MED: SAVING LIVES IN HUMANITARIAN CRISES.","authors":"Harpreet S Kohli","doi":"10.25259/NMJI_1335_2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/NMJI_1335_2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519891,"journal":{"name":"The National medical journal of India","volume":"37 5","pages":"290-291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}