The National medical journal of India最新文献

Endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration leading to cardiac empyema and tamponade by Prevotella oris. 经支气管超声引导下经支气管针吸导致心脏脓胸和口普氏菌填塞。

The National medical journal of India Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.25259/NMJI_570_2022

Damla Ernur, Volkan Hanci, Salýha Ýldem Kaya

引用次数: 0

Rapid diagnosis of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection mimicking metastatic malignancy using metagenomic next-generation sequencing. 利用新一代宏基因组测序快速诊断模拟转移性恶性肿瘤的播散性禽分枝杆菌复合体感染。

The National medical journal of India Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.25259/NMJI_872_2022

Yan Liu, Jie Wang, Yonglan Pu, Shenjie Tang

引用次数: 0

Isolated heart block in snake bite: Recurrent syncope as presenting symptom. 蛇咬伤引起的孤立性心脏传导阻滞：复发性晕厥为主要症状。

The National medical journal of India Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.25259/NMJI_1047_2023

B Sharan Kumar

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections among Buddhist tribes of Kaza health block, Lahaul and Spiti district of Himachal Pradesh. 喜马偕尔邦拉胡尔和斯皮提地区卡扎卫生区佛教部落乙型和丙型肝炎病毒感染的流行情况

The National medical journal of India Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.25259/NMJI_1042_2022

Rajesh Sharma, Anmol Gupta, Neetu Sharma, Amit Sachdeva, Deepesh Barall, Vishal Bodh, Dikshant Sharma, Brij Sharma

{"title":"Prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections among Buddhist tribes of Kaza health block, Lahaul and Spiti district of Himachal Pradesh.","authors":"Rajesh Sharma, Anmol Gupta, Neetu Sharma, Amit Sachdeva, Deepesh Barall, Vishal Bodh, Dikshant Sharma, Brij Sharma","doi":"10.25259/NMJI_1042_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/NMJI_1042_2022","url":null,"abstract":"Background Infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/ or hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a global public health concern. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of viral hepatitis B and C in the Buddhist tribal area of Kaza health block in Lahaul and Spiti district in Himachal Pradesh, India, and to identify the determinants. Methods The study was conducted by the departments of Gastroenterology, Community Medicine and Microbiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla between June 2015 and October 2017. Using a two-stage sampling method, 4231 participants in 40 clusters were enrolled. For each subject, a pre-tested interview schedule was administered, and blood was tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV). Those samples which tested positive for HBsAg were further tested for hepatitis B core antigen (HBeAg) and antibody to HBeAg (anti-HBe). Results Among the 4231 participants, HBsAg and anti-HCV were detected in 961 (22.7%) and 33 (0.9%), respectively, including 6 (0.1%) who tested positive for both. HBsAg positivity was not associated with religion (p=0.07), caste (p=0.16), level of education (p=0.58) or marital status (p=0.73). Of all the participants, 588 (13.9%) reported a history of HBV vaccination. Of those who were HBsAg positive (961), 21.6% were positive for HBeAg and 58.3% were positive for anti-HBe. Conclusion The prevalence of HBV infection in the Kaza health block was high, and no specific associations were identified. Interventions such as public health education and universal childhood immunization at birth may help reduce the high rate of transmission of HBV in this population.","PeriodicalId":519891,"journal":{"name":"The National medical journal of India","volume":"38 1","pages":"5-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144103401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Status of Liver Transplantation in India. 印度肝移植的现状。

The National medical journal of India Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.25259/NMJI_528_2024

Parmanand Tiwari, Samiran Nundy

{"title":"The Status of Liver Transplantation in India.","authors":"Parmanand Tiwari, Samiran Nundy","doi":"10.25259/NMJI_528_2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/NMJI_528_2024","url":null,"abstract":"Background The passage of the Transplantation of Human Organs Act in 1994 banned the unethical trade in human kidneys and recognized heart beating brain death as a form of death. This enabled liver transplantation to be performed in India. We briefly recount the history of the Act's passage and describe, in some detail, the present status of the procedure. Methods We sent a questionnaire regarding liver transplant services via email to 400 members of the Liver Transplant Society of India requesting them to provide details on liver transplantation at their centres up to 2022. We received information on 3069 of 3920 transplants that had been performed in 2022. Results There were 183 registered centres who had performed a total of 3920 liver transplants, placing India in third position behind the USA (n=9528) and China (n=6053) while it performed the largest number of living donor liver transplants (n=3183) in the world. The most common indication for liver transplantation was non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-related cirrhosis (20%). Our teams published 2449 PubMed indexed research papers and 384 foreign trainees came from 52 countries for training in liver transplantation. The concerns were the small numbers of deceased organ donation, the dominance of the private sector (96.7%), corruption in the form of kickbacks and false declarations of relationship and gender imbalance with only 22% women recipients receiving organs from men while 68% women donated their livers to men. Conclusion Liver transplantation has saved the lives of many Indians, made a major impact on Indian healthcare overall, and increased its reputation worldwide. There are problems which we hope will be tackled by increasing societal awareness.","PeriodicalId":519891,"journal":{"name":"The National medical journal of India","volume":"38 1","pages":"30-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144103409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Burkholderia cepacia at a tertiary care teaching hospital. 某三级护理教学医院洋葱伯克氏菌的流行及耐药模式

The National medical journal of India Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.25259/NMJI_498_2022

Naimikaben Patel, Chaitali Dabhi, Rupal Patel, Suman Singh

{"title":"Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Burkholderia cepacia at a tertiary care teaching hospital.","authors":"Naimikaben Patel, Chaitali Dabhi, Rupal Patel, Suman Singh","doi":"10.25259/NMJI_498_2022","DOIUrl":"10.25259/NMJI_498_2022","url":null,"abstract":"Background Burkholderia cepacia (B. cepacia) is the fourth most common pathogenic non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli isolated from clinical samples in hospitalized patients. It is an emerging opportunistic pathogen causing a wide range of infections in immunocompromised and hospitalized patients. Methods We did a retrospective observational study at Shree Krishna Hospital, Karamsad after approval by the Institutional Ethics Committee to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance pattern of B. cepacia from January 2015 to November 2020. Clinical specimens of all the indoor and outdoor patients of all age groups, from whom B. cepacia was isolated, were included in the study. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of isolates were done by the Vitek 2 Compact system as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results Ninety-one (0.54%) B. cepacia were isolated out of 16 840 organisms from 45 743 specimens received during the duration of the study. These were isolated most commonly from patients in the 0-20 years age group (31%) followed by those 41-60 years of age (20%). Also it was isolated more often in males than females. Blood and body fluids (57%) were the most common specimens from which B. cepacia was isolated followed by respiratory specimens (18%), urine (14%), and pus (11%). B. cepacia antimicrobial resistance was seen more commonly to ticarcillin-clavulanate (72%) followed by levofloxacin (34%), trimethoprim- sulphamethoxazole (30%), ceftazidime (30%), minocycline (21%) and meropenem (14%). Conclusion The prevalence of B. cepacia was low. B. cepacia has been identified as an important pathogen in bloodstream infections. It is important to know the antimicrobial resistance pattern of B. cepacia for better management of patients.","PeriodicalId":519891,"journal":{"name":"The National medical journal of India","volume":"38 1","pages":"9-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144103469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Challenges during implementation of point-of-care testing in a multispecialty children's hospital. 在多专科儿童医院实施护理点检测过程中的挑战。

The National medical journal of India Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.25259/NMJI_659_2022

Shiefa Sequeira, Rubina Lone, Sheraz Anjum

{"title":"Challenges during implementation of point-of-care testing in a multispecialty children's hospital.","authors":"Shiefa Sequeira, Rubina Lone, Sheraz Anjum","doi":"10.25259/NMJI_659_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/NMJI_659_2022","url":null,"abstract":"Point-of-care testing (POCT) has been one of the fastest-growing areas of critical care management. It continues to increase in volume and complexity over the past few years and is now moving to the molecular level. POCT is currently defined as a testing process done near or at the site of patient care by non-laboratory clinical staff. Since these tests are done by clinical staff with minimum technical knowledge, many challenges arise due to a lack of understanding of the process of POCT. The key challenges faced during the successful step-by-step implementation and execution of POCT at our multi-specialty hospital for children in the Middle East included POCT instrumentation, training and competency, quality control issues, proper handling of reagents and consumables, importance of critical call notification, patient identification errors, data management, etc. Many clinical decisions are made based on the results of POCT, hence care should be taken during every step of the POCT process. If implemented appropriately, POCT can have a positive impact on operational efficiency and patient care. Healthcare organizations should innovate rapidly to meet the challenges of POCT.","PeriodicalId":519891,"journal":{"name":"The National medical journal of India","volume":"38 1","pages":"35-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144103347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An online course to teach clinical reasoning skills: Students' perspectives and short-term outcomes. 一门教授临床推理技能的在线课程：学生的观点和短期结果。

The National medical journal of India Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.25259/NMJI_396_2022

Suneetha Nithyanandam, John Stephen, Nachiket Shankar, Mary Joseph, Soumya Umesh, Jananee Muralidharan, Thenmozhi Nagarajan, Aaron Charles Lobo, Lakshmi Anantharaman

{"title":"An online course to teach clinical reasoning skills: Students' perspectives and short-term outcomes.","authors":"Suneetha Nithyanandam, John Stephen, Nachiket Shankar, Mary Joseph, Soumya Umesh, Jananee Muralidharan, Thenmozhi Nagarajan, Aaron Charles Lobo, Lakshmi Anantharaman","doi":"10.25259/NMJI_396_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/NMJI_396_2022","url":null,"abstract":"Background Currently, clinical reasoning (CR) skills are not explicitly taught in the MBBS curriculum. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of an online CR course for final-year MBBS students. Methods This was a single-group pre- and post-test study with 57 final-year MBBS students enrolled. Six groups were formed, and one or two faculty facilitators were assigned to each group. A structured format for CR was introduced to the students, and the sessions were designed so that students could sequentially practice the steps using specifically created case scenarios. The students' CR skills were assessed using a rubric before and after the course. Their confidence levels and perceptions about the course were also obtained. Paired T-test and the Wilcoxon signed rank test were used to assess before and after course differences in the CR abilities and confidence levels, respectively. A thematic analysis of the perceived beneficial aspects of the course and suggested improvements were also done. Results The post-course scores were significantly higher than the pre-course scores (p<0.001). The confidence levels of the students for each component of the structured framework for CR showed significant improvement (p<0.001). The structured format used during the course, group activities, case discussions, and the expertise of teachers and course structure were perceived as beneficial. This course could be introduced earlier in the MBBS course with a discussion of more case scenarios. Conclusions The online course improved confidence levels and CR abilities of the participants.","PeriodicalId":519891,"journal":{"name":"The National medical journal of India","volume":"38 1","pages":"23-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144103337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

District Residency Programme: Experience of a pharmacology resident. 地区住院医师计划：药理学住院医师的经验。

The National medical journal of India Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.25259/NMJI_867_2023

Varun Santhosh, Atiya R Faruqui

引用次数: 0

The district residency programme: Perception of postgraduate students at a tertiary care hospital in Jaipur. 地区住院医师方案：对斋浦尔一家三级医院研究生的看法。

The National medical journal of India Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.25259/NMJI_1131_2023

Kopal Sharma, Monica Jain, Jaya Sharma

{"title":"The district residency programme: Perception of postgraduate students at a tertiary care hospital in Jaipur.","authors":"Kopal Sharma, Monica Jain, Jaya Sharma","doi":"10.25259/NMJI_1131_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/NMJI_1131_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Background The district residency programme (DRP) has been made essential for postgraduates by the National Medical Commission. We studied the perception of postgraduate students about this programme. Methods A cross-sectional survey was done using a pre-validated questionnaire developed in Google forms. The link to the questionnaire was circulated through existing social media platforms and had questions about knowledge, attitude and practice. Scores were appropriately assigned to the questions. The data were coded numerically, and themes were identified from the data using inductive content analysis. Results All participants had a negative opinion of the DRP with a mean perception score of 26.6. Two-thirds of the participants believed that the DRP had no positive impact on learning and knowledge of their respective postgraduate subjects. About 55% of them believed that the duration of DRP training should be reduced. Important themes that were obtained from the data were that DRP training was not beneficial for the participants, and perceived barriers in DRP training included lack of accommodation, food, and communication with the parent department during the training. Conclusion Postgraduate students had a negative perception of the DRP. Upgradation of district hospitals with modern and optimal facilities for patient care, facilities to accommodate students, and provision for communication with the parent department during the DRP, could improve students perception.","PeriodicalId":519891,"journal":{"name":"The National medical journal of India","volume":"38 1","pages":"20-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144103476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0