The Journal of oral implantology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of UV-Photofunctionalization of titanium implants on stability,crestal bone loss in controlled diabetic patients: A split mouth randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Dr D Murali Krishna, Dr Sruthima Nvs Gottumukkala, Dr M Satya Narayana Raju, Dr Gautami S Penmetsa, Dr Ramesh Ksv, Dr Mohan Kumar P, Dr Vnv Satya Valli, Dr Bhavya M","doi":"10.1563/aaid-joi-D-24-00160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-D-24-00160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate and compare the effects of UV photofunctionalized (UVP) dental implants on implant stability, osseointegration, and radiographical bone changes with non-UV photofunctionalized (NUVP) dental implants placed in controlled diabetics.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Participants were selected using stratified random sampling to ensure proportional representation of age groups, gender, and other relevant subgroups within the controlled diabetic population. The sites were randomly allocated into UVP and NUVP groups. In the UVP group, implants were photofunctionalized in a UV activator for 20 sec before implant placement. Crestal bone changes were measured at 3- and 9-months post-implant placement. Descriptive statistics and paired t-tests were done to analyze intra-group and inter-group comparison study data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Implant stability and osseointegration were assessed using implant stability quotient (ISQ) and Osseointegration index (OSI) immediately after implant placement and 3 months post-placement. Intra-group comparison of ISQ showed significantly higher ISQ (p=<0.029) in the UVP group (4.40±1.89) compared to the NUVP group (2.60±1.17). The mean change in implant stability from baseline to 3 months was also significantly higher (p=0.29) in the UVP group (4.4±1.89compared to the NUVP group (2.6±1.17). A significantly higher mean OSI (p=0.032) was noted in the UVP group (1.42±0.62) compared to the NUVP group (0.84±0.39). On comparison of mean crestal bone changes on the distal aspect, significantly higher mean bone loss(p=0.003) was noted at 9 months in the NUVP group (0.64±0.18) compared to the UVP group (0.35±0.08).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The UVP group showed greater benefits in enhanced secondary stability, higher OSI, and less crestal bone loss compared to the NUVP group in controlled diabetic patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":519890,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of oral implantology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture Strength of Conometric Joint Implants Vs. Internal Hexagon Abutment Joint Design: An In Vitro Study.","authors":"Felice Lorusso, Sergio Alexandre Gehrke, Sergio Rexhep Tari, Antonio Scarano","doi":"10.1563/aaid-joi-D-25-00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-D-25-00001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The dental implant is an effective long-term rehabilitation procedure for oral edentulism and supports functional masticatory loading forces. The implant prosthetic joint is considered a key factor for interface stability due to its related biological and biomechanical implications-the present investigation aimed to evaluate the fracture strength of two different implant prosthetic joints.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This investigation tested 10 implants for each group: econometric implant joint (Group I) and internal hexagon implant (Group II). The implant abutment joint was coupled using a calibrated torque meter. The samples were assessed using a loading fracture test and radiographically evaluated to investigate the interface changes and deformations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The means and standard deviations of the group I and group II maximum force (N) were 553±51N and 432±43N. The Young elastic modulus of group I and group II implants were 183.97±11.71 GPa and 143.72±15.93 GPa.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The conometric joint was reported to have a higher strength than the regular internal hexagon implant connection. The study findings could have clinical implications for implant durability and peri-implant tissue stability in favor of the conical joint design.</p>","PeriodicalId":519890,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of oral implantology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrograde Peri-implantitis: A Scoping Review of Current Understanding of a Rare Complication in Dental Implants.","authors":"Arwa A Banjar","doi":"10.1563/aaid-joi-D-24-00226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-D-24-00226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retrograde peri-implantitis is a rare complication of dental implants, characterized by symptomatic periapical lesions at the implant apex. Several etiological factors have been identified, with an increased risk associated with implants placed near teeth with periapical lesions. The present study undertook a scoping review to discuss the etiological factors and recent classification of retrograde peri-implantitis and summarize current literature-based guidelines for its management. An online database search was performed to identify studies related to retrograde peri-implantitis using the following terms: retrograde peri-implantitis, implant apical lesions, and periapical implant lesion. A total of 167 studies were initially identified, of which 38 met the inclusion criteria. These comprised case reports and retrospective studies, including 14 case reports that presented various management strategies for retrograde peri-implantitis. Half of these reports described adjacent teeth with failed root canal treatments or periapical infections. Four studies utilized non-surgical treatment to manage the lesion, including antibiotics for root canal treatment of the adjacent teeth. The remaining cases involved surgical interventions such as implant debridement, apical resection, implant removal, and bone grafting. This review discusses the etiological factors of retrograde peri-implantitis, presents the recent classification of the lesion, and summarizes current literature-based guidelines for its management.</p>","PeriodicalId":519890,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of oral implantology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of abutment screw loosening between titanium and zirconia implants: an in-vitro study.","authors":"Amir Hossein Fathi, Behnaz Ebadian, Shekoufeh Arab, Sepideh Salehi, Ramin Atash","doi":"10.1563/aaid-joi-D-25-00035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-D-25-00035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Abutment screw loosening is a common complication in implant-based prostheses. Given the importance of aesthetics in anterior regions, zirconia implants and abutments have been introduced. This study aims to compare the extent of abutment screw loosening between zirconia and titanium implants to determine the best treatment option.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This in vitro study assessed abutment screw loosening in titanium and zirconia implants. Ten zirconia dental implant fixtures (10 mm in length, 4.3 mm in diameter) with ten zirconia abutments and titanium screws were allocated in one group, and ten titanium implant fixtures of the same dimensions with ten titanium abutments and titanium screws were allocated to the other group. The abutment screws were tightened to a torque of 35 N/cm using a torque meter and placed in resin blocks. The center of the resin block then underwent a compressive force of 75 N and 12400 cycles and a frequency of 75 cycles per minute. Furthermore, the removal torque value (RTV) of each screw was measured. The data on screw loosening forces were analyzed and compared using T-test, with a significance level set at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average removal torque for titanium implants was 21.53 N/cm, while for zirconia implants, it was 18.46 N/cm. A T-test comparison showed that titanium implants had a significantly higher removal torque value than zirconia implants (p < 0.001).In laboratory conditions, titanium implants exhibit significantly higher removal torque values than zirconia implants, suggesting they may offer better stability in similar clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":519890,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of oral implantology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective Radiographic analysis of ridge augmentations using Titanium mesh and Titanium-reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene membranes.","authors":"Lina Elnakka, Janina Golob Deeb, Caroline K Carrico, Aniket Jadhav, Anusha Vaddi, George R Deeb","doi":"10.1563/aaid-joi-D-24-00155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-D-24-00155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Titanium-reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene (Ti-PTFE) and Titanium mesh (Timesh) are used to augment atrophic alveolar ridges to facilitate the placement of dental implants. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the average vertical and horizontal bone gain and outcomes between Ti-PTFE and Ti-mesh techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To assess outcomes, retrospective chart review and superimposition of pre-operative and post-operative CBCT scans were used. The vertical component of the augmented site (L1) was assessed along a vertical bisecting line. Horizontal width was measured in buccolingual dimension at three-millimeter (mm) intervals (W1-6) along the L1. Paired t-tests were used to compare bone measurements at each location, and ANCOVA models were used to compare the grafting methods. Successes were compared with chi-squared tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-eight ridge augmentation cases with 70 sites were included: 25 Ti-PTFE with 35 sites and 23 Ti-mesh with 35 sites. The average gain in length (L1) was statistically significant for Ti-PTFE, 0.75 mm, and non-statistically significant for Ti-mesh, 0.61mm. The average increase in width for Ti-PTFE was 2.05 mm, while for Ti-mesh, it was 2.42 mm. After adjusting for pre-operative bone levels, Ti-PTFE had significantly greater gains at W1 than Ti-mesh. 76% of the cases were considered successes, with 74% for Ti-PTFE and 77% for Ti-mesh with no statistically significant difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both ridge augmentation techniques resulted in reliable horizontal bone gains, while a wide range of outcomes was observed for vertical bone gains. The average success rate was 76%, with no statistically significant difference between the two techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":519890,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of oral implantology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Performance of PEKK versus Zirconia Abutments for Screw-Retained Crowns in Two-Piece Zirconia Implants: an in vitro Study.","authors":"Zeynab Ahmed, Marc Joos, Roland Joos, Martin Rosentritt, Sebastian Kühl, Valentin Herber","doi":"10.1563/aaid-joi-D-25-00014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-D-25-00014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to compare the in vitro performance of anterior and posterior crowns with screw-retained polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) or zirconia abutments on two-piece zirconia implants.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Monolithic incisor and molar zirconia crowns (n=8 per group) were cemented on either PEKK or zirconia screw-retained abutments on zirconia implants. Molar and incisor crowns were also cemented on screw-retained titanium abutments on titanium implants as control. All specimens were subjected to combined mechanical loading (1.2 × 106 cycles of 50N, f = 1Hz) and thermal cycling (2 × 3000 × 5°C/55°C cycles of 2 min). Complications, such as loosening of the crowns and fractures, were observed. The surviving specimens were subjected to a fracture test. Descriptive statistics were applied to complications, survival times, and fracture forces.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The occurrence of complications depended significantly on location (anterior or posterior) and material (P<.0001). While the incisor test groups presented higher failure rates for both PEKK and zirconia abutments, the survival rates of the molar-shaped crowns of both test groups were comparable to those of the titanium control group. This highly significant interaction is caused by a highly significant difference in location for PEKK and zirconia (P<.05). The titanium control group showed uniform performance independent of the simulated site.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PEKK abutments showed high survival rates for in vitro simulated molar sites. Screw-retained zirconia abutments have shown higher complication rates, especially in simulated anterior sites. Neither zirconia nor PEKK abutments seem to be recommendable in clinical application for anterior indication.</p>","PeriodicalId":519890,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of oral implantology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Significance of Keratinized Mucosa on Implant Health: An Umbrella Review.","authors":"Amirhossein Fathi, Sepideh Salehi, Farzad Kazemi, Shiva Nayerain Jazi","doi":"10.1563/aaid-joi-D-25-00049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-D-25-00049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Statement of problem.: </strong>Peri-implantitis is one of the challenges during implant treatments. This study helps improve implant treatments and reduce the risk of peri-implantitis.</p><p><strong>Purpose.: </strong>This study aims to provide the most recent insights into the therapeutic effectiveness of keratinized mucosa for dental implants that support prostheses.</p><p><strong>Material and methods.: </strong>An electronic search was conducted across various databases, adhering to language restrictions and following PRISMA guidelines until August 2024. The PICO study question was: \"For functioning dental implants, how effective is keratinized mucosa in enhancing peri-implant soft tissue conditions?\" The eligibility requirements included all systematic reviews and meta analyses that examined the impact of keratinized mucosa on the health of implants. Two qualified researchers evaluated the criteria independently while assessing the risk of bias associated with the selected articles. A third investigator is available to resolve anyambiguities that may arise during this process.</p><p><strong>Results.: </strong>A total of ten research studies were found that investigated the impacts of keratinized mucosa on implant health. Involving 7,139 participants, the findings indicated that a reduced width of keratinized tissue (KT) was linked to a higher incidence of increased plaque accumulation, soft tissue inflammation, and mucosal recession. The width of KT was notably linked to a reduction in inflammation around the implant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion.: </strong>The presence of keratinized mucosa around dental implants correlates with improved peri-implant tissue health and a reduced risk of peri-implantitis. Nonetheless, further data is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":519890,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of oral implantology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Cantilever Planning on Stress Distribution in Implant-Supported Prostheses.","authors":"Sema Ateşalp İleri, Neslihan Güntekin, Reza Mohammadi","doi":"10.1563/aaid-joi-D-25-00019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-D-25-00019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This finite element analysis (FEA) study investigates the effects of different cantilever designs on stress distribution in implant-supported partial fixed dental prostheses. Three models were analyzed in the posterior mandible: Model A with a distal cantilever, Model B with a mesial cantilever, and Model C with no cantilevers. Each model included a four-unit monolithic zirconia prosthesis supported by two implants. Under a 200 N oblique load, stress distribution was analyzed in the cortical and trabecular bone, implant components, cement layer, and prosthesis. Fatigue performance was assessed using material-specific S-N curves and fatigue equations. The results demonstrated that models with cantilever extensions exhibited increased stress accumulation, particularly in components adjacent to the cantilever. The highest von Mises stress values were observed in Model A, especially on the distal abutment (721.2 MPa), distal implant (313.7 MPa), and prosthetic structure (409.9 MPa).In contrast, Model B showed a more balanced stress distribution and lower stress levels than Model A. The findings suggest that cantilevers' presence and positioning significantly impact implant supported prostheses' biomechanical behavior. With its shorter lever arm and more favorable force distribution, the mesial cantilever was a safer and more effective design option than the distal cantilever, reducing the risk of mechanical complications. These results emphasize the importance of careful design and engineering calculations when planning implant-supported prostheses to ensure long-term stability and minimize the likelihood of failure. This study highlights the biomechanical implications of cantilever positioning in implant prostheses.</p>","PeriodicalId":519890,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of oral implantology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Subperiosteal Implant Designs Applied to Atrophic and Edentulous Mandible Under Traumatic Forces: 3D Finite Element Analysis.","authors":"Ilgın Ari, Gülin Acar, İpek Dilara Baş, Emre Tosun","doi":"10.1563/aaid-joi-D-25-00073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-D-25-00073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study evaluated the stress distributions of subperiosteal implants made of titanium and PEEK in one-piece and two-piece designs in edentulous and severely atrophic mandibles subjected to trauma forces.</p><p><strong>Material and method: </strong>This study applied four treatment methods to a severely atrophic edentulous mandibular model. Subperiosteal implant designs made of PEEK consisting of one piece in Model 1 and two in Model 2 were used. Subperiosteal implant designs made of titanium composed of one piece in Model 3 and two in Model 4 were used. Each of the subperiosteal implants was fixed on the mandibular model with 14 osteosynthesis screws placed in the tension lines of the mandible. A traumatic force of 2000 N was applied to the mandibular prosthesis in the anteroposterior direction. Maximum principal stress (Pmax), minimum principal stress (Pmin), and Von Mises stress (VMs) values were measured in MPa.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, Model 3 showed the highest Pmax value in the symphysis region (45.888 MPa), while the values in the other models were similar. The mandibular condyle had the highest Pmax in Model 2 (941.338 MPa) and the lowest in Model 3 (905.756 MPa). All models compared the pmin values measured in the symphysis, alveolar crest, and condyle region. The VM stress values on the abutments and abutment screws were lower and more stable in PEEK SPI models than titanium SPI models. However, VM stress values on titanium SPI metal frameworks were lower than PEEK SPI models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this FEA analysis, one-piece PEEK subperiosteal implants were the most advantageous design regarding mandibular fracture risk when evaluated under traumatic forces. PEEK subperiosteal implant treatment may provide a less invasive treatment model for patients with severely atrophic mandibles. Additionally, two-piece subperiosteal implants may provide greater design flexibility in clinical applications and offer advantages in stress distribution, expanding the range of treatment options available to clinicians.</p>","PeriodicalId":519890,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of oral implantology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Success of rhBMP-2 in Maxillofacial Bone Regeneration: A 10-Year Case Study.","authors":"Thiago Schneider, Bruno Dias, Esteban Arroyo, James L Rutkowski, Carlos F Mourão","doi":"10.1563/aaid-joi-D-25-00067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-D-25-00067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) has emerged as an alternative to autogenous bone grafts in maxillofacial surgery, reducing donor-site morbidity while promoting osteoinduction. This case report evaluates the 10-year outcomes of rhBMP-2 use for mandibular bone regeneration in a 55-year-old male with extensive periapical osteolytic lesions on teeth #s 23, 24, 25, and 26 linked to childhood trauma. Following extraction, curettage, and rhBMP-2 grafting with a collagen membrane and titanium mesh, three implants (2.9 x 12 mm) were placed after six months, followed by osseointegration and a connective tissue graft for prosthetic rehabilitation. Over 10 years, clinical and radiographic assessments indicated stable bone levels (<1 mm crestal loss) and implant success, with no complications reported despite acknowledged risks of edema or carcinogenesis. This case aligns with the literature supporting rhBMP-2's efficacy (81.4‥ bone regeneration success) and underscores the importance of delivery systems in optimizing outcomes. Continued research investigating dosing and carriers is warranted to enhance its application in implant dentistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":519890,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of oral implantology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}