Daimon-Revista Internacional de Filosofia最新文献

{"title":"Las cualidades secundarias y el valor epistémico de la experiencia estética","authors":"N. Acedo","doi":"10.6018/daimon.463831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/daimon.463831","url":null,"abstract":"Entendido lo estético como vinculado al carácter apreciativo de la experiencia sensible, el presente artículo explora su rescate del ámbito de la mera opinión vinculándolo con la intencionalidad de la sensación. Tras definir el problema en la introducción, el texto se centra en las llamadas cualidades secundarias, objeto inmediato de la sensación. Se parte de la hipótesis de que el débil contenido epistémico que se ha atribuido a las cualidades secundarias a lo largo de la historia es responsable de la difícil valoración del juicio estético. Se procede por ello a una reformulación del tipo de noticia que recibimos de dichas cualidades, partiendo de la definición de cualidad secundaria de John Locke, y revisándola a partir de algunos textos de John McDowell y Crispin Wright, en diálogo con la teoría aristotélica de los sensibles propios. El resultado de esta revisión afectará al papel que atribuyamos, dentro del espectro de las disciplinas, a la estética y, secundariamente, al arte.\u0000 Considering Aesthetics as linked to the appreciative nature of sensorial experience, this article uses the concept of intentionality of sen-sation to rescue Aesthetics from being confined into the scope of mere opinions. After introducing and defining the problem, the text focuses on the so– called secondary qualities, immediate object of the sensation. The hypothesis is that the weak epistemic content attributed to secondary qualities throughout history is responsible for the difficult assessment of aesthetic judgment. A reformula-tion of the kind of news we receive from these qualities is proposed reviewing John McDowell and Crispin Wright review of Lockean’s secon-dary qualities, in dialogue with the Aristotelian theory of the proper sensible. The result of this review should influence the role we attribute, within the spectrum of disciplines, to Aesthetics and, secondarily, to Art.","PeriodicalId":51979,"journal":{"name":"Daimon-Revista Internacional de Filosofia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80578554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presentación del número monográfico sobre Expressing Hatred: The Political Dimension of Expressives","authors":"Eduardo Pérez Navarro, M. Sanz","doi":"10.6018/DAIMON.485241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/DAIMON.485241","url":null,"abstract":"espanolDesde hace unos anos, se ha producido dentro de la filosofia analitica un movimiento de acercamiento a las practicas reales y de huida de las idealizaciones no justificadas que pretende poner las herramientas conceptuales desarrolladas durante el ultimo siglo al servicio de la justicia social. En el ambito de la filosofia del lenguaje, este giro ha pasado por el analisis de expresiones del lenguaje natural que, por no encajar de forma completamente satisfactoria con la concepcion del significado como condiciones de verdad, han recibido tradicionalmente poca atencion. Sin embargo, estas expresiones juegan un papel fundamental en la comunicacion con impacto politico. Hablamos de los expresivos, esto es, expresiones que se utilizan para comunicar una cierta actitud. El proposito de este numero especial de Daimon es ofrecer una panoramica de algunos debates que se estan desarrollando en la actualidad en relacion con la dimension politica de los expresivos, pero tambien de discusiones cercanas que en ocasiones se solapan con esta, tanto en filosofia del lenguaje como en ramas de la filosofia afines. EnglishFor some years now, there has been a movement within analytic philosophy to get closer to real practices and to flee from unwarranted idealizations in order to put the conceptual tools developed over the last century at the service of social justice. In the field of philosophy of language, this turn has involved the analysis of natural language expressions that, not fitting in a completely satisfactory way with the conception of meaning as truth conditions, have traditionally received little attention. However, these expressions play a fundamental role in communication with political impact. We are talking about expressives, that is, expressions that are used to communicate a certain attitude. The purpose of this special issue of Daimon is to offer an overview of some of the debates that are currently taking place in relation to the political dimension of expressives, but also of related discussions that sometimes overlap with it, both in philosophy of language and in related branches of philosophy.","PeriodicalId":51979,"journal":{"name":"Daimon-Revista Internacional de Filosofia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48154326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exactly Why Are Slurs Wrong","authors":"Thaddeus Metz","doi":"10.6018/DAIMON.476391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/DAIMON.476391","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEste articulo busca proporcionar una descripcion completa y fundamental de por que los epitetos raciales y slurs similares son inmora-les, alla donde lo sean. Considera tres teorias prin-cipales, segun las cuales, a grandes rasgos, son inmorales porque son daninos (bienestarismo), porque socavan la autonomia (kantianismo) o porque son hostiles (un enfoque relacional poco discutido informado por ideas del Sur Glo-bal). Este articulo presenta nuevas objeciones a las dos primeras teorias y concluye a favor de la ultima justificacion. Se muestra que considerar que los slurs son inmorales en la medida en que son hostiles captura las ventajas de las otras teo-rias evitando sus desventajas. EnglishThis article seeks to provide a comprehensive and fundamental account of why racial epithets and similar slurs are immoral, whenever they are. It considers three major theories, roughly according to which they are immoral because they are harmful (welfarism), because they undermine autonomy (Kantianism), or because they are unfriendly (an under-considered, relational approach informed by ideas from the Global South). This article presents new objections to the former two theories, and concludes in favour of the latter rationale. Deeming slurs to be wrong insofar as they are unfriendly is shown to capture the advantages of the other theories, while avoiding their disadvantages.","PeriodicalId":51979,"journal":{"name":"Daimon-Revista Internacional de Filosofia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47146076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The resistanf effect of slurs: A nonpropositional, presuppositional account","authors":"Alba Moreno Zurita, Eduardo Pérez-Navarro","doi":"10.6018/daimon.481381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/daimon.481381","url":null,"abstract":"El propósito de este artículo es dar cuenta de la resistencia a la cancelación, el rechazo y la retractación exhibida por los slurs. La explicación que ofrecemos es presuposicional. Como las teorías presuposicionales más recientes, además, la nuestra es una propuesta presuposi-cional no proposicional. Nuestra posición es que, para ser exitosas, las proferencias de oraciones que contienen slurs requieren que el common ground incluya ciertos componentes, pero estos componentes no son proposiciones, sino ordena-mientos de mundos.\u0000 The aim of this paper is to account for the resistance to cancelation, rejection, and retraction exhibited by slurs. The kind of explanation we offer is a presuppositional one. Like the most recent presuppositional accounts, moreover, ours is a nonpropositional presuppositional proposal. Our view is that, to be felicitous, utterances of sentences featuring slurs require certain components to be part of the common ground, but these components are not propositions, but world-orderings.","PeriodicalId":51979,"journal":{"name":"Daimon-Revista Internacional de Filosofia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78161437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exactly, what do you mean?","authors":"Manuel Almagro Holgado, Neftalí Villanueva","doi":"10.6018/DAIMON.482231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/DAIMON.482231","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl proposito de este trabajo es explorar los limites de un subconjunto de los usos evalua-tivos del lenguaje: el discurso ofensivo. Nuestro objetivo es doble. Primero, introducimos la rela-cion que hay entre el contexto y las proferencias evaluativas, tal y como puede rastrearse en la literatura reciente acerca de la cuestion. Segundo, nos centramos en el estudio experimental de una interaccion particular entre la informacion contextual y nuestras afirmaciones evaluativas: cuando el contexto es capaz de convertir una pro-ferencia aparentemente descriptiva en una evalua-tiva. Para este segundo proposito, argumentamos, ciertas propuestas positivas recientes, a pesar de su merito, son insuficientes. EnglishThe purpose of this paper is to explore the limits of a subset of the evaluative uses of language: offensive speech. More in particular, our goal is twofold. Firstly, we want to chart the relationship between context and evaluative utterances, as it stands in the current literature. Secondly, we focus on the experimental study of a particular interaction between contextual information and our evaluative claims –when the context is able to turn a seemingly descriptive utterance into an evaluative one. For this second purpose, we argue, certain recent positive proposals, in spite of their merit, come a bit short.","PeriodicalId":51979,"journal":{"name":"Daimon-Revista Internacional de Filosofia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46952404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Not All Speakers are Equal: Harm and Conversational Standing","authors":"C. Picazo","doi":"10.6018/daimon.481861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/daimon.481861","url":null,"abstract":"McGowan ha proporcionado un meca-nismo lingüístico que explica cómo el lenguaje puede constituir daño. Su idea es que las profe-rencias de manera rutinaria establecen normas-s sobre qué está permitido en un contexto dado. Mi objetivo es argumentar que estas normas-s son sensibles a la posición conversacional del hablante. En concreto, sostengo que la fuerza de la norma establecida depende de la posición del hablante. En algunos casos, el hablante puede incluso carecer de la posición requerida para esta-blecer nuevas normas-s.\u0000 McGowan has provided a linguistic mechanism that explains how speech can constitute harm. Her idea is that utterances routinely enact s-norms about what is permissible in a given context. My aim is to argue that these s-norms are sensitive to the conversational standing of the speaker. In particular, I claim that the strength of the norm enacted depends on the standing of the speaker. In some cases, the speaker might even lack the standing required to enact new s-norms.","PeriodicalId":51979,"journal":{"name":"Daimon-Revista Internacional de Filosofia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89470485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paving the road to hell: The Spanish word menas as a case study","authors":"David Bordonaba Plou, Jos´é Ramón Torices Vidal","doi":"10.6018/daimon.482011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/daimon.482011","url":null,"abstract":"Menas es un término que ha ganado notoriedad en la actual escena política española. Aunque el término tenía un uso neutro en su origen, ya que es un acrónimo de “menores extranjeros no acompañados”, recientemente ha evolucionado a un término con claras connotaciones negativas. Este artículo explora qué tipo de término es menasactualmente. Específicamente, examinaremos si menas es un slur o un TESNI, es decir, un término étnico/social neutro usado como insulto. Primero, señalamos las características más definitorias de ambos tipos de términos. Después, por medio de análisis sobre corpus lingüísticos, mostramos que menas exhibe las características más definitorias de los TESNI. Acabamos discutiendo la posible evolución del término, señalando que, aunque el término tiene los rasgos de los TESNI, existen dos posibles escenarios. Por un lado, el término puede conservar sus usos neutros y de este modo seguir siendo un TESNI. Por otro lado, los usos neutros pueden desaparecer y así el término acabar convir-tiéndose en un slur.\u0000 “Menas” is a term that has attracted a great deal of attention on the political scene in Spain at present. Although the term had a neutral usage originally, being an acronym for unaccompanied foreign minors, it has recently evolved into a term with clear negative connotations. This article explores what kind of term menas is today. Specifically, we will examine whether “menas” is a slur or an ESTI, an ethnic/social term used as an insult. First, we point out the most defining characteristics of both types of terms. Then, using analyses on linguistic corpora, we show that “menas” exhibits the most defining characteristics of TESNI. We end by discussing the possible evolution of the term, pointing out that, although the term presents the features related to ESTIs, there are two possible scenarios. On the one hand, the term may retain its neutral uses and thus remain an ESTI. On the other hand, the neutral uses may disappear, and thus the term may become a slur.","PeriodicalId":51979,"journal":{"name":"Daimon-Revista Internacional de Filosofia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84345627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La autoridad de la primera persona como criterio de determinación y reconocimiento de la identidad de género.","authors":"Jorge Muñoz","doi":"10.6018/DAIMON.459191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/DAIMON.459191","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl interes principal de este articulo versa acerca de la posibilidad de justificar la autodeterminacion como criterio fundamental para la determinacion y el reconocimiento social de la identidad de genero de un individuo. La reciente revision de los criterios medicos abre el debate de su reemplazo por criterios de autopercepcion y vivencia en primera persona. Por tanto, tomando como base la concepcion de la autoridad como servicio de Joseph Raz y el fenomeno de la autoridad de la primera persona, se argumentara a favor de que los testimonios en primera persona son candidatos justificados para sustituir a los actuales criterios. EnglishThe focus of this paper is the possibility of justifying self-determination as the fundamental criterion for social determination and recognition of the individuals’ sexual identity. The recent review of medical criteria has started a debate about their replacement by criteria based on self-perception and first-person experience. Therefore, taking as a basis Joseph Raz’s service conception of authority and the first-person authority phenomenon, it will be argued that first-person statements are justifiable substitutes for the current criteria.","PeriodicalId":51979,"journal":{"name":"Daimon-Revista Internacional de Filosofia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44363577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Una concepción pragmatista sobre las reglas","authors":"Pedro Antonio García Jorge","doi":"10.6018/daimon.402561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/daimon.402561","url":null,"abstract":"La defensa de la normatividad del significado ha derivado en el debate sobre la prioridad metafísica de las reglas o del significado (cfr. Glüer & Wikforss, 2018). Sin embargo, la defensa de la prioridad de las reglas no es más que una variante del intelectualismo y, por ende, está sujeta a las mismas críticas que éste, mientras que la defensa de la prioridad del significado deja sin respuesta a la pregunta metasemántica ¿cómo es qué el lenguaje es significativo? Una concepción pragmatista sobre las reglas permite superar el debate evitando el intelectualismo y proporcionando una respuesta a la pregunta metasemántica.\u0000 Defending the normativity of meaning has led to the debate about the metaphysical priority either or rules or meaning (cfr. Glüer & Wikforss, 2018). On the one hand, defending priority of rules is just a variant of intellectualism and, therefore, it is subject to the same criticisms. On the other hand, defending priority of meaning leaves unanswered the meta-semantic question: how is it that language is significant? A pragmatic conception of rules makes it possible to overcome the debate by avoiding intellectualism and providing an answer to the meta-semantic question.","PeriodicalId":51979,"journal":{"name":"Daimon-Revista Internacional de Filosofia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77500181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enactivismo y valoración. Cómo superar la querella entre teorías somáticas y cognitivas de las emociones","authors":"Andrea Melamed","doi":"10.6018/daimon.420991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/daimon.420991","url":null,"abstract":"En este trabajo me propongo mostrar que es posible abordar el fenómeno emocional, atendiendo especialmente a los focos de conflicto entre cognitivistas y no cognitivistas, pero de un modo ligeramente distinto, sin buscar acomodar o subsumir el fenómeno emocional a partir de los estándares existentes, sino poniéndolos en duda. Específicamente, buscaré mostrar cómo ciertos conceptos adquieren nuevo significado en el del marco postcognitivista y permiten dar nuevas (y mejores) respuestas a viejos problemas.\u0000 In this work my aim is to show that it is possible to approach emotions, paying special attention to the sources of conflict between cognitivists and non-cognitivists, but in a slightly different way, without seeking to accommodate the emotional phenomenon within the standards of cognitive science, but questioning them. Specifically, I will show how certain concepts acquire new meaning in the post-cognitive framework and allow new (and better) answers to old problems.","PeriodicalId":51979,"journal":{"name":"Daimon-Revista Internacional de Filosofia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90325071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}