History of Psychology最新文献_第9页

Georges Politzer's "brilliant errors": Concrete psychology in France (1930-1980). 乔治·波利策的“辉煌的错误”:法国的具体心理学(1930-1980)。

IF 0.5 4区心理学

History of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-05-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-13 DOI: 10.1037/hop0000156

Giuseppe Bianco

{"title":"Georges Politzer's \"brilliant errors\": Concrete psychology in France (1930-1980).","authors":"Giuseppe Bianco","doi":"10.1037/hop0000156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/hop0000156","url":null,"abstract":"The present article assesses the hidden importance of Georges Politzer's (1903-1942) work in the development of French philosophy and psychology. After sketching his biography and isolating the most important concepts developed in his book Critique of the Foundations of Psychology (1928), this article proceeds by dividing his reception into four distinct moments, the features of which derive from the interconnected mutations of the scientific field in its relation with the transformation of the political field. In the first moment, the publication of the Critique, Politzer's most important work, played an essential role in introducing psychoanalysis into philosophy, psychology, and psychiatry, and in sketching the path of a possible encounter between psychoanalysis and Marxism. In the second moment, during the 1940s and the 1950s, following Politzer's Marxist auto-critique, French communists widely rejected psychoanalysis as a dangerous ideology. In the third moment, during the 1960s in a context marked by structuralism, both the psychoanalysts and the Marxists addressed to Politzer's humanism a new, theoretical, critique. Finally, at the end of the 1960s and even more after May 1968, Politzer's works were republished and reevaluated, and new transformations taking place in the intellectual and political field during the 1970s contributed to a better understanding of Politzer's essential role in French philosophy, psychology, and psychoanalysis. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51852,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychology","volume":"25 2","pages":"170-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39414433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How statistics became a "forbidden trick" for Soviet psychologists. 统计数据如何成为苏联心理学家的“禁忌把戏”。

IF 0.5 4区心理学

History of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.1037/hop0000204

S. Morozova

{"title":"How statistics became a \"forbidden trick\" for Soviet psychologists.","authors":"S. Morozova","doi":"10.1037/hop0000204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/hop0000204","url":null,"abstract":"This study reconstructs the process by which quantitative methods were gradually displaced from Russian psychology in the early Soviet period. By the early 1930s, there was a decline in the importance of mathematical methods in psychological disciplines. It was accompanied by the rejection of some mathematical methods and the ideologization of the description of quantitative methodology. After the Central Committee's decree \"O pedologicheskikh izvrashcheniyakh v sisteme Narkomprosov\" (\"On Pedological Perversions in the System of Narkomproses\") of 1936 was published in the pages of national newspapers, statistical practice was completely discredited. At the same time, textbooks on statistics in psychological disciplines were withdrawn from circulation. Scientists' attempts to defend the neutrality of scientific methods were unsuccessful and were publicly criticized. As a result, statistical practice almost completely disappeared from psychological disciplines after 1936, although there was no outright ban on the use of statistics. There are two possible reasons for this. First, psychologists may have abandoned statistical practices as a result of ideological pressure. Second, owing to the elimination of mathematical methods, internal disciplinary contradictions-in particular, those characteristic of pedology-were eliminated. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51852,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychology","volume":"25 2 1","pages":"121-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45725187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"Eugenics, social reform, and psychology: The careers of Isabelle Kendig": Correction to Harris (2021). “优生学、社会改革和心理学：伊莎贝尔·肯迪格的职业生涯”：对哈里斯的更正（2021）。

IF 0.5 4区心理学

History of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.1037/hop0000215

{"title":"\"Eugenics, social reform, and psychology: The careers of Isabelle Kendig\": Correction to Harris (2021).","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/hop0000215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/hop0000215","url":null,"abstract":"Reports an error in \"Eugenics, social reform, and psychology: The careers of Isabelle Kendig\" by Ben Harris (History of Psychology, 2021[Nov], Vol 24[4], 350-376). In the article, multiple instances of \"St. Elizabeths Hospital\" were incorrectly changed to \"St. Elizabeth's Hospital.\" The online version of this article has been corrected. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2021-90746-001.) The psychologist Isabelle Kendig had two careers before earning her doctorate and rising to the position of chief psychologist at St. Elizabeths Hospital in Washington, DC. She began as a eugenic field worker in 1912, focusing on Shutesbury, Massachusetts, where she administered intelligence tests to the locals, collected gossip about their character, and created genealogical charts. When she presented her research to Charles Davenport and other social scientists concerned with social defect, Kendig dissented from eugenics orthodoxy. She was shunned by Davenport, who, in turn, falsified her findings to fit his beliefs. She was then hired by Massachusetts and New Hampshire to survey intellectual disability in each state. Following her work in eugenics, Kendig was briefly a leading figure in feminist and antimilitarist campaigns, including the National Women's Party and the 1924 presidential campaign of Senator Robert La Follette. In 1933, she earned a PhD in clinical psychology from Radcliffe and went on to help guide the field's post-WWII expansion. True to her feminist ideals and with the help of her husband, she juggled marriage, her three careers, and the parenting of four children. She thus serves as a noteworthy member of the second generation of women in psychology in the United States. Using unpublished correspondence between Kendig, her parents, and her future husband, this article offers a rare glimpse of a young feminist struggling to build a career and a life unconstrained by patriarchal norms. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51852,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48504938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The quest for objectivity and measurements in phrenology's "bumpy" history. 在颅相学“坎坷”的历史中寻求客观性和测量。

IF 0.5 4区心理学

History of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-03-10 DOI: 10.1037/hop0000213

S. Finger, P. Eling

{"title":"The quest for objectivity and measurements in phrenology's \"bumpy\" history.","authors":"S. Finger, P. Eling","doi":"10.1037/hop0000213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/hop0000213","url":null,"abstract":"Phrenology is based on correlating character traits with visible or palpable cranial bumps (or depressions) thought to reflect underlying brain areas differing in size and levels of activity. Franz Joseph Gall, who introduced the doctrine during the 1790s, relied heavily on seeing and feeling skulls when he formulated his theory, as did Johann Spurzheim, who served as his assistant until 1813 and then set forth on his own. But Peter Mark Roget, a British critic of the doctrine, first assailed these methods as too subjective in 1818, and never changed his mind. George Combe, a Scotsman who admired Spurzheim, introduced calipers and other measuring instruments during the 1820s, hoping to make phrenology more like the admired physical sciences. In the United States, the Fowlers also called for more numbers, including measuring distances between the cortical sites above the organs of mind. Nonetheless, phrenologists realized they faced formidable barriers when it came to measuring the physical organs of mind, as opposed to basic skull dimensions. This essay examines the subjectivity that left phrenology open to criticism and shows how some phrenologists tried to overcome it. It also shows how vision and touch remained features of phrenological examinations throughout the numbers-obsessed 19th century. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51852,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44330372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The reception of psychodrama in Spain: Correspondence between Jacob Levy Moreno and Ramón Sarró. 心理剧在西班牙的接受:雅各布·列维·莫雷诺与Ramón Sarró的通信。

IF 0.5 4区心理学

History of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 Epub Date: 2021-10-28 DOI: 10.1037/hop0000206

Silvia Lévy, Miguel Huertas-Maestro, Rafael Huertas

{"title":"The reception of psychodrama in Spain: Correspondence between Jacob Levy Moreno and Ramón Sarró.","authors":"Silvia Lévy, Miguel Huertas-Maestro, Rafael Huertas","doi":"10.1037/hop0000206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/hop0000206","url":null,"abstract":"Jacob Levy Moreno, the well-known creator of psychodrama, had a close epistolary relationship with the Spanish psychiatrist Ramón Sarró; a collection of these letters has been located in the Sarró personal archive, deposited in the Library of Catalonia. After locating and arranging this correspondence, we proceeded to analyze and contextualize its contents. The analysis of this collection serves as a basis to outline the context in which the relationship between Moreno and Sarró developed, the role played by certain psychotherapy congresses in strengthening their relationships, and the process that resulted in the University of Barcelona awarding Moreno Doctor Honoris Causa. This study has allowed us to identify certain areas of how psychodrama was received in Spain during the 1960s and reflect on the creation of international collaboration networks and the creation of schools and professional and academic legitimation strategies in the wake of the approaches to group psychotherapy and psychodrama that Moreno developed while based in New York. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51852,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychology","volume":"25 1","pages":"56-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39583224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Review of Max Wertheimer, Productive thinking. 回顾Max Wertheimer的《生产性思维》。

IF 0.5 4区心理学

History of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.1037/h0101875

Mitchell G Ash

{"title":"Review of Max Wertheimer, Productive thinking.","authors":"Mitchell G Ash","doi":"10.1037/h0101875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0101875","url":null,"abstract":"Reviews the book, Max Wertheimer, Productive Thinking by Viktor Sarris (2020). This volume contains a reproduction of the original edition of Max Wertheimer's study of productive thinking, published posthumously in 1945, with a brief preface and a more extensive introduction by Viktor Sarris, Professor Emeritus of General Psychology and former holder of the Max Wertheimer Chair at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University in Frankfurt am Main. In his introduction, Sarris briefly summarizes the 1920 study, and then provides a chapter by chapter account of the 1945 volume's content, summarizing the results in a section called \"Wertheimer's Credo.\" The original edition of Productive Thinking has been out of print for some time, as has a second edition, with an additional article by Wertheimer, published in 1959 by his son Michael Wertheimer, himself a professor of psychology. An expanded edition was published in 1982, but is now also out of print. This republication of the original text offers an opportunity to libraries as well as students of teachers of psychology to acquaint themselves with a classical study, which is infused with the lively spirit of inquiry characteristic of its author, but is more often cited than read. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51852,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychology","volume":"25 1","pages":"92-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39884319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When Rollo May's "little band" of New York psychologists fought back against organized medicine's attempts to control psychotherapy. 当罗洛·梅(Rollo May)的纽约心理学家“小团体”反抗有组织的医学控制心理治疗的企图时。

IF 0.5 4区心理学

History of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 Epub Date: 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.1037/hop0000198

James Schlett

引用次数: 1

Society for the History of Psychology news and notes. 心理学历史学会的新闻和笔记。

IF 0.5 4区心理学

History of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.1037/hop0000214

Stephan Bonfield

引用次数: 0

Archival oddities: The manifesto of the upper left hand corner club. 档案中的怪事:左上角俱乐部的宣言。