Pakistan Journal of Criminology最新文献_第2页

Development of the Organisational and Legal Mechanism of State Control of Local Self- Government in Ensuring the Territorial Integrity of Ukraine 发展国家控制地方自治政府以确保乌克兰领土完整的组织和法律机制

Pakistan Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.62271/pjc.16.3.1211.1224

引用次数: 0

Enhancing the Implementation of International Humanitarian Law in Conflict Zones: A Comprehensive Review 加强国际人道主义法在冲突地区的实施：全面审查

Pakistan Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.62271/pjc.16.3.1365.1378

{"title":"Enhancing the Implementation of International Humanitarian Law in Conflict Zones: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"","doi":"10.62271/pjc.16.3.1365.1378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62271/pjc.16.3.1365.1378","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the challenges, case studies, critiques, and recommendations for implementing International Humanitarian Law (IHL) in conflict zones. It examines the foundational principles of IHL, including humanity, distinction, proportionality, and military necessity, which guide parties involved in armed conflicts. The complex relationship between IHL and state sovereignty is discussed, emphasizing the need to balance humanitarian norms with national sovereignty. Case studies of conflicts in Syria, Yemen, Myanmar, Israel-Palestine, and Iraq are analyzed to illustrate the complexities of implementing IHL. These conflicts demonstrate widespread violations of IHL, including attacks on civilians and the use of prohibited weapons, highlighting the urgent need for greater adherence to humanitarian norms. Critiques of IHL are examined, focusing on challenges such as the lack of enforcement mechanisms and the rise of non-state actors. In conclusion, the article stresses the importance of upholding and enforcing IHL to mitigate the humanitarian impact of armed conflicts and protect the rights of individuals affected by war. Addressing these challenges and implementing the recommendations outlined in this article can lead to a future where humanity, distinction, proportionality, and military necessity are upheld, safeguarding civilians and combatants from the devastating consequences of armed conflicts.","PeriodicalId":516769,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Criminology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141384739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing Human Impact on Coral Reef Ecosystems in Berau Regency, Indonesia: Implications for Conservation and Sustainable Tourism Development 评估人类对印度尼西亚贝劳地区珊瑚礁生态系统的影响：对保护和可持续旅游业发展的意义

Pakistan Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.62271/pjc.16.3.1257.1268

{"title":"Assessing Human Impact on Coral Reef Ecosystems in Berau Regency, Indonesia: Implications for Conservation and Sustainable Tourism Development","authors":"","doi":"10.62271/pjc.16.3.1257.1268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62271/pjc.16.3.1257.1268","url":null,"abstract":"This research explores the condition of coral reefs in Berau Regency, Indonesia, and the impact of human activities on these ecosystems. Coral reefs are considered crucial assets in supporting the well-being of local communities, especially in the context of tourism and fisheries resources. However, the increasing economic growth and human activities around coastal areas have pressured coral reefs, threatening their sustainability and preservation. This study employs a descriptive method utilising primary and secondary data and interviews with relevant stakeholders. The findings reveal that coral reefs in Berau Regency exhibit varied conditions, ranging from very good to poor. Threats to coral reefs include human activities such as unsustainable fishing practices, the use of explosives in fishing, and the development of tourism infrastructure. The research also underscores the importance of integrating environmental capacity into the development of Derawan Island as a coastal conservation tourism destination. Collaboration among the government, private sector, non-governmental organisations, and local communities is essential to maintain the sustainability of coral reef ecosystems while supporting the well-being of local communities.","PeriodicalId":516769,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Criminology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141382159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Criminal Law Reform in Indonesia: Implementation of Law’s General Principles into Living Law 印度尼西亚的刑法改革：将法律的一般原则落实到活生生的法律中

Pakistan Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.62271/pjc.16.3.1395.1407

引用次数: 0

Police Intervention Strategies in the Enforcement of Liquor Policies in South Africa 南非警方在执行酒类政策中的干预策略

Pakistan Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.62271/pjc.16.3.1225.1240

{"title":"Police Intervention Strategies in the Enforcement of Liquor Policies in South Africa","authors":"","doi":"10.62271/pjc.16.3.1225.1240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62271/pjc.16.3.1225.1240","url":null,"abstract":"In South Africa (SA), the criminal justice system is responsible for crime control and the administration of justice. The criminal justice system is composed of the police, courts, and correctional services. The South Africa Police Service (SAPS) is the entry point to the criminal justice system because crimes are reported to them for investigation and law enforcement. This article assesses the effectiveness of the SAPS strategies to enforce liquor policies. The assumption of this article is that most liquor traders do not abide by the rules; they aim to generate profit and they don‟t care about the wellbeing of the community. The state‟s failure to intervene at both policy and law-enforcement level makes things worse. From a qualitative research standpoint, purposive sampling was used to select police and non-police liquor inspectors from three provinces, namely the Free State, Gauteng, and Limpopo, to conduct a survey. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 participants. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. South Africa consists of nine provinces and each province applies its own liquor policy. That makes it very difficult for the police to implement National Liquor Act policy. In conclusion, South Africa needs one liquor policy to enhance compliance to curb selling of alcohol abuse.","PeriodicalId":516769,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Criminology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141384780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of Measures of Legal Response to Criminal Offenses against the Freedom, Honor and Dignity of a Person 针对侵犯个人自由、荣誉和尊严的刑事犯罪的法律应对措施的有效性

Pakistan Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.62271/pjc.16.3.1349.1364

{"title":"Effectiveness of Measures of Legal Response to Criminal Offenses against the Freedom, Honor and Dignity of a Person","authors":"","doi":"10.62271/pjc.16.3.1349.1364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62271/pjc.16.3.1349.1364","url":null,"abstract":"Amidst the societal transformations taking place across various domains, the crucial matter of safeguarding individuals’ lives, health, and integrity demands theoretical reconsideration. The objective of the research is to assess the efficacy of key legal measures in addressing criminal offences against the freedom, honour and dignity of a person. The study employed the comparative legal approach, formal legal analysis, legal modeling, and statistical methods. The research findings support the argument that combating crimes against individuals has currently assumed paramount importance. Violations of the person’s freedom, honor and dignity present a significant menace to society. Special emphasis should be placed on the accurate legal evaluation of such crimes, as it hinges on establishing the elements of the offense, as well as addressing other aspects related to crime detection, investigation, identification of perpetrators, and bringing them to criminal accountability. The research concludes by advocating the necessity of acquiring comprehensive and unbiased criminology data concerning both the offender and the victim, with the aim of implementing more efficient and targeted strategies to prevent such crimes. Subsequent scientific inquiries in this realm could delve into exploring optimal and efficacious legal responses to criminal offenses against freedom, honor and dignity of a person.","PeriodicalId":516769,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Criminology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141384357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Criminalizing Impersonation via Social Media Platforms 将通过社交媒体平台冒充他人的行为定为刑事犯罪

Pakistan Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.62271/pjc.16.2.205.216

{"title":"Criminalizing Impersonation via Social Media Platforms","authors":"","doi":"10.62271/pjc.16.2.205.216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62271/pjc.16.2.205.216","url":null,"abstract":"Through the use of social media platforms, this study seeks to shed light on\u0000the legal definition of impersonation, its history, the rationale behind its\u0000criminalization, the strategy employed by the criminal justice system to address it,\u0000and how unique this offense is in comparison to other similar ones. To ascertain\u0000the extent and boundaries of criminalization under the new Jordanian Cybercrime\u0000Act, the researcher used a descriptive and analytical technique to present the\u0000criminal law text of impersonation and analyze its content. This research\u0000discovered that Jordanian Cybercrime Act No. 17 of 2023 was exceptional in that\u0000it rendered impersonation on social media platforms illegal. However, because the\u0000primary characteristic of this offense's structure is its technological nature, it has\u0000proven challenging to define the boundaries and content of the offense, as well as\u0000the fact that impersonation in its new form is distinct from fraud, invasion of\u0000privacy, overstepping privacy, and illegal access. The study concludes by\u0000recommending that the minimum and maximum limits of the monetary penalty be\u0000lowered. It also highlights the necessity for the Jordanian legislature to outlaw\u0000impersonation un","PeriodicalId":516769,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Criminology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140728914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Crime of Invasion Electronic Data and Information in the Emeriti Law 新法律中的入侵电子数据和信息罪

Pakistan Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.62271/pjc.16.2.47.60

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Effectiveness of the Decision-Making Process in International Security Organizations in the Context of International Crises 国际危机背景下国际安全组织决策过程的有效性

Pakistan Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.62271/pjc.16.2.231.246

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Promoting Equity: Examining Participatory Justice in Free Lunch Program Planning to Combat Stunting in Indonesia 促进公平：考察印度尼西亚免费午餐计划规划中的参与式公正，以应对发育迟缓问题

Pakistan Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.62271/pjc.16.2.843.856

引用次数: 0