Assessing Human Impact on Coral Reef Ecosystems in Berau Regency, Indonesia: Implications for Conservation and Sustainable Tourism Development

Abstract

This research explores the condition of coral reefs in Berau Regency, Indonesia, and the impact of human activities on these ecosystems. Coral reefs are considered crucial assets in supporting the well-being of local communities, especially in the context of tourism and fisheries resources. However, the increasing economic growth and human activities around coastal areas have pressured coral reefs, threatening their sustainability and preservation. This study employs a descriptive method utilising primary and secondary data and interviews with relevant stakeholders. The findings reveal that coral reefs in Berau Regency exhibit varied conditions, ranging from very good to poor. Threats to coral reefs include human activities such as unsustainable fishing practices, the use of explosives in fishing, and the development of tourism infrastructure. The research also underscores the importance of integrating environmental capacity into the development of Derawan Island as a coastal conservation tourism destination. Collaboration among the government, private sector, non-governmental organisations, and local communities is essential to maintain the sustainability of coral reef ecosystems while supporting the well-being of local communities.