{"title":"A computation design method for architectural artifacts adapted from traditional Kagome bamboo basketry techniques","authors":"Hiroyuki Shinohara, Tung Hoi Peter Chan","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study is a digital form-finding and manual fabrication experiment in woven architectural design, with one traditional weaving style, Kagome, used to scale the craft up into an architectural-scale bamboo woven artifact. Kagome is a trihexagonal pattern employed in traditional bamboo basketry as a triaxial weaving system, resulting in an object with a self-bracing capacity without the use of fasteners owing to its interlacing lattices. Although existing studies and tools have addressed triaxial weaving design and representation, the current consideration of the advantages of weaving with bamboo is insufficient. To address this research gap, this study develops a computational design method based on studies on bamboo basketry. This allows for the representation and exploration of design geometries using combinations of regular triangular meshes for the fabrication of Kagome woven bamboo artifacts. A full-scale mock-up was fabricated to evaluate the effectiveness of the method. The mock-up demonstrated the self-bracing properties of Kagome, but there were discrepancies between the mock-up and the design. Factors affecting bamboo weaving on an architectural scale have been identified within this study to inform future research on woven bamboo structures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"Pages 249-264"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095263523001061/pdfft?md5=be9603892a2253e929e4fad742514087&pid=1-s2.0-S2095263523001061-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139422035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Amin Moradi , Omid Mohammadrashidi , Navid Niazkar , Morteza Rahbar
{"title":"Revealing connectivity in residential Architecture: An algorithmic approach to extracting adjacency matrices from floor plans","authors":"Mohammad Amin Moradi , Omid Mohammadrashidi , Navid Niazkar , Morteza Rahbar","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In today's world, various approaches and parameters exist for designing a plan and determining its spatial, placement. Hence, various modes for identifying crucial locations can be explored when an architectural plan is designed in different dimensions. While designing all these modes takes considerable time, there are numerous potential applications for artificial intelligence (AI) in this domain. This study aims to compute and use an adjacency matrix to generate architectural residential plans. Additionally, it develops a plan generation algorithm in Rhinoceros software, utilizing the Grasshopper plugin to create a dataset of architectural plans. In the following step, the data was entered into a neural network to identify the architectural plan's type, furniture, icons, and use of spaces, which was achieved using YOLOv4, EfficientDet, YOLOv5, DetectoRS, and RetinaNet. The algorithm's execution, testing, and training were conducted using Darknet and PyTorch. The research dataset comprises 12,000 plans, with 70% employed in the training phase and 30% in the testing phase. The network was appropriately trained practically and precisely in relation to an average precision (AP) resulting of 91.50%. After detecting the types of space use, the main research algorithm has been designed and coded, which includes determining the adjacency matrix of architectural plan spaces in seven stages. All research processes were conducted in Python, including dataset preparation, network object detection, and adjacency matrix algorithm design. Finally, the adjacency matrix is given to the input of the proposed plan generator network, which consequently, based on the resulting adjacency, obtains different placement modes for spaces and furniture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"Pages 370-386"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095263523000924/pdfft?md5=6f75e9c94272d7814676f072bae81e52&pid=1-s2.0-S2095263523000924-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139374357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Eco-ableism and access circularity in natural building","authors":"Grace Schleck , Lola Ben-Alon","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The climate crisis disproportionately impacts disabled people. Yet climate-related advocacy, planning, and policymaking often neglect to thoughtfully include disabled people. Responding to this gap, disabled and neurodivergent environmental activists coined the term <em>eco-ableism</em> to describe discrimination and silencing toward disabled and neurodivergent people (i.e., ableism) arising in environmental spaces (i.e., eco-ableism). Relatedly, building operations and construction practices contribute a significant percentage of global, energy-related CO<sub>2</sub> emissions annually, which calls into question the relationships between the impending climate crisis, disability justice, and architecture. Climate-specific, natural building materials and methods present a potential pathway toward a more sustainable built future: low-carbon, locally sourced, minimally processed, and nontoxic materials. Despite a critical overlap, there is little published research on material access in the production phase and human access in the occupation phase of natural buildings. Applying eco-ableism and material circularity in an architectural framework, this research aims to investigate the gaps and possibilities of access, natural material applications, and resulting US natural buildings informed by scholarship in critical disability studies and semi-structured interviews with natural building professionals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"Pages 235-248"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095263523001048/pdfft?md5=33b0cc7bbf3b4489c6a85c92f5161fba&pid=1-s2.0-S2095263523001048-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139374354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea Macruz , Ernesto Bueno , Gustavo Sol , Jaime Vega , Ricardo Palmieri , Bing Zhao
{"title":"Designing for well-Being: Using facial micro-expression analysis and EEG biosensor to evaluate human responses to 2D biophilically-driven geometries","authors":"Andrea Macruz , Ernesto Bueno , Gustavo Sol , Jaime Vega , Ricardo Palmieri , Bing Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research explores the capacity of emerging technologies to enhance well-being. It involves the generation of 2D biophilically-driven geometries to represent human-response-oriented built environments and conducts inter and intra-individual analyses to assess human responses using a range of technologies within the realms of facial micro-expression analysis and EEG biosensor use. The outcomes of this analysis allow for the grading of these geometries in terms of emotional valences, meditation levels, and subjective preferences. These graded geometries can subsequently be employed in specific architectural contexts, such as interior decor, wallpapers, furniture surfaces, or other architectural and interior components. It is an interdisciplinary effort that underscores the importance of incorporating emerging technological means with human-response-oriented design approaches to foster built environments that promote well-being.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"Pages 219-234"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095263523000961/pdfft?md5=0a2b713aceb466b24bf29b128b758ed6&pid=1-s2.0-S2095263523000961-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138826714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ordinary Urban Heritage of Rattanakosin: Ordinary restaurants and everyday foods of the historic center of Bangkok","authors":"Prin Jhearmaneechotechai","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper discussed the selection criteria for Ordinary Urban Heritage (OUH) in Rattanakosin, the historic center of Bangkok through the case of ordinary restaurants and everyday foods. The OUH stands for an alternative approach to heritage understanding and conservation, derived from the notion of ordinary heritage, vernacular heritage, and urban heritage emphasizing the heritages of the everydayness of ordinary people. The OUHs have co-existed and inherited through the evolution of the city but are overlooked by the official conservation process. Ordinary restaurants and everyday foods were selected by 5 criteria, 1) appeared for more than 50 years; 2) created, developed, and used by ordinary people; 3) found as the clusters; 4) able to be adapted to the urban context; 5) exist until the present day.</p><p>The methodology applied to the analysis of the historical documents and Bangkok maps from 1887 to 1974, and the selection criteria developed from past research in another old commercial district of Bangkok were also reinvestigated with observational surveys. Ordinary restaurants and everyday foods are the outcomes representing the heritage of everyday life of ordinary people that are ubiquitously related to commercial activities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"Pages 335-348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S209526352300105X/pdfft?md5=73f680cb58ddf5555e6ade8d1e8cc179&pid=1-s2.0-S209526352300105X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138991432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miktha Farid Alkadri , Muhammad Rafif Cahyadi Agung , Francesco De Luca
{"title":"An integrated computational method for calculating dynamic thermal bridges of building facades in tropical countries","authors":"Miktha Farid Alkadri , Muhammad Rafif Cahyadi Agung , Francesco De Luca","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Identifying thermal bridges on building façades has been a great challenge for architects, especially during the conceptual design stage. This is not only due to the complexity of parameters when calculating thermal bridges, but also lack of feature integration between building energy simulation (BES) tools and the actual building conditions. For example, existing BES tools predominantly calculate thermal bridges only in steady state without considering the temperature dynamic behaviour of building outdoors. Consequently, relevant features such as thermal delay, decrement factor, and operative temperature are often neglected, and this can lead to miscalculation of energy consumption. This study then proposes an integrated method to calculate dynamic thermal bridges under transient conditions by incorporating field observations and computational simulations of thermal bridges. More specifically, the proposed method employs several measurement tools such as HOBO data logger to record the actual conditions of indoor and outdoor room temperature and thermal cameras to identify the surface temperature of selected building junctions. The actual datasets are then integrated with the simulation workflow developed in BES tools. This study ultimately enables architects not only to identify potential thermal bridges on existing building façades but also to support material and geometric exploration in early design phase.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"Pages 201-218"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S209526352300095X/pdfft?md5=8be04e8df8d74fe4ac9fb464a2e52dfb&pid=1-s2.0-S209526352300095X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138579775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohd Hasfarisham Abd Halim , Naizatul Akma Mohd Mokhtar , Nor Khairunnisa Talib , Shyeh Sahibul Karamah Masnan , Ahmad Fadly Jusoh , Mokhtar Saidin
{"title":"Evolution of the “ancient Kedah”: A study on urban forms at Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex (SBAC), Bujang Valley, Kedah, Malaysia","authors":"Mohd Hasfarisham Abd Halim , Naizatul Akma Mohd Mokhtar , Nor Khairunnisa Talib , Shyeh Sahibul Karamah Masnan , Ahmad Fadly Jusoh , Mokhtar Saidin","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Archaeological research at the Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex (SBAC), which has been carried out until 2023, aims to complete the chronological data and urbanization process of the ancient Kedah. This study will especially prove that the ongoing urbanization process is aimed at developing the iron smelting industry and trade in ancient Kedah, especially in SBAC. This is because archaeological research at SBAC has proven that with the existence of the ancient Kedah iron smelting workshop at SBAC, river jetties, port management, rituals, and Buddhist monuments began to be erected, all of which can be determined by chronometric dating. The results of the chronometric dating have proven that the ancient Kedah Kingdom existed since the 6th century BC and was oriented towards the trade of iron resources, which allowed the use of the area to grow rapidly. The process of urbanization and land use clearly conforms to Lynch's principle, which emphasizes the principles of 1) paths, 2) edges, 3) districts, 4) nodes, and 5) landmarks in the development process of land use and urbanization in the complex.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"Pages 127-143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095263523000936/pdfft?md5=ebf95500849ef8b85fee566f676f03ab&pid=1-s2.0-S2095263523000936-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138690016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the relationship-oriented spaces of social networks and depressive symptoms among older adults","authors":"Yongming Yang, Heejoon Whang","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Republic of Korea has the highest suicide rate of older population among OECD countries, and depression is the prevailing factor. While it is well-known that the urban physical environment affects mental health, research on the physical characteristics of spaces remains limited. This study aims to explore relationship-oriented space characteristics that can form social networks and reduce depressive symptoms in older adults. After analyzing the differences in social interaction spaces between high-density and low-density areas for older adults in Seoul, we identified social interaction spaces (parks and traditional markets) that are frequently used based on on-site interview results. Two areas were selected for the questionnaire surveys. The main findings revealed that older adults living in areas with diverse spatial planning and close physical relationships between parks and traditional markets, convenient pedestrian environments, and lower population density of older adults had better social networks and lower depressive symptoms. More significantly, the physical characteristics of parks and traditional markets (convenient accessibility, maximized visibility, connectivity, and territoriality) significantly facilitate social interactions. Those engaging in social interactions within these spaces exhibited significantly better social networks and lower depressive symptoms. These findings underscore the importance of considering relationship-oriented space characteristics in spatial and urban planning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"Pages 112-126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095263523000948/pdfft?md5=3dc7b3943e682806dd660d475507d07b&pid=1-s2.0-S2095263523000948-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138506026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spatial sight analysis of Hangzhou Xiaoyingzhou based on tourists' landscape preference","authors":"Yiying Chen, Qiwei Ma, Lihua Xu, Yijun Shi, Zhangwei Lu, Yaqi Wu, Mao Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tourist preferences are important for the high-quality planning and design of recreation spaces. The famous scenic locale of West Lake in Hangzhou, China, is used as an example in this study. Based on multi-source data (e.g., online comments, and tourist photographs), we used content analysis, kernel density estimation, and image semantic segmentation technology to determine the spatial distribution of tourists' landscape preferences. We analyzed these spatial sight characteristics from the viewpoint, sight distance, and perspectives. The results show that tourists' landscape preferences are mainly concentrated on landscape architecture for recreation. The viewpoints of these preferences are concentrated in the north-south embankment—far beyond that of the east-west embankment. The preferences also show a spatial sequence in terms of sight distance, and the best visual effect is the open platform at the north and south islands of Xiaoyingzhou. From the perspective of vision, the degree of spatial openness in the tourists' landscape preferences is proportional to the distance of vision; the two factors have a convergent relationship. The discussion of the characteristics of tourists’ landscape preference and space sight creation in Xiaoyingzhou provides a reference for the quality improvement of island recreation space.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"12 6","pages":"Pages 1157-1170"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095263523000638/pdfft?md5=a6e7d45bcc28120998fb7e3a8a2bb694&pid=1-s2.0-S2095263523000638-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136117530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}