Frontiers of Architectural Research最新文献

Study the nighttime visual attention in urban waterfront public space: Insights using mobile eye-tracking 城市滨水公共空间夜间视觉注意力研究：移动眼动追踪的洞察

IF 3.6 1区艺术学

Frontiers of Architectural Research Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2025.05.002

Chunxia Yang, Chengzhe Lyu

{"title":"Study the nighttime visual attention in urban waterfront public space: Insights using mobile eye-tracking","authors":"Chunxia Yang, Chengzhe Lyu","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study aims to explore people's nighttime visual attention in urban waterfront public space during leisure activities, and analyze the impact of artificial lighting on visual attention. The study first utilized mobile eye-tracker to collect participants' eye-movement data in typical urban waterfront leisure routes, along with corresponding artificial lighting data. Next, based on the collected data, visual attention statistical datasets composed of two dependent variable indicators, visual attention distribution ratio and average attention fixation duration, were constructed. Then, impact analyses of artificial lighting on these indicators were conducted by controlling age groups and environment elements. Results show: 1) opposite scenery, greenery, recreation and sport facilities are the most visually attractive elements; 2) significant differences in visual attention preferences across three age groups were found on opposite scenery, ground, landscape structures, people, etc.; 3) nighttime visual attention induced by 11 types of environment elements is significantly impacted by artificial lighting. The maximum <em>R</em><sup>2</sup> of vertical illuminance on visual attention can reach up to 0.603, while 0.472 for horizontal illuminance and 0.247 for correlated color temperature. Additionally, artificial lighting has the greatest impact on the elderly's visual attention. The results help to provide refined human-centered perception insights for improving nighttime environment quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 216-237"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reimagining tourism pedestrian street aesthetics through machine learning: Understanding the role of spatial form based on a case study in Luoyang, China 通过机器学习重塑旅游步行街美学：理解空间形式的作用——以中国洛阳为例

IF 3.6 1区艺术学

Frontiers of Architectural Research Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2025.06.001

Xin Gao , Hirofumi Ueda , Meng Qu , Guang Li , Xiaojin Li , Menglin Xu

{"title":"Reimagining tourism pedestrian street aesthetics through machine learning: Understanding the role of spatial form based on a case study in Luoyang, China","authors":"Xin Gao , Hirofumi Ueda , Meng Qu , Guang Li , Xiaojin Li , Menglin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pedestrian streets are vital for urban livability, tourism, and cultural identity. This research examines how human-perspective spatial form influences aesthetic perception, using a tourist street in central Luoyang as a case site. Based on perceptual evaluations from participants in Luoyang and Xi'an, the research isolates key structural elements and reveals the underlying relationship between spatial form and tourist aesthetic preferences. Deep learning models were used to extract spatial indicators from real-world streetscapes, aligning them with abstracted representations. Modelling the extracted indicators with a Generalized Additive Model (GAM), the study enables large-scale analysis and captures both individual spatial characteristics and their interactive effects on aesthetic perception. This approach not only models complex nonlinear relationships but also provides a solid foundation for aesthetic prediction and assessment. The findings identify the proportion of sky (<em>PS</em>), ground area (<em>PG</em>), and spatial depth (<em>D</em>) as key factors influencing aesthetic judgments, while the proportion of vertical elements (<em>PV</em>) and the ground-to-vertical ratio (<em>G/V</em>) show high multicollinearity. Additionally, street-level average aesthetics tend to be rated higher than point-wise average aesthetics. These insights allow for the layout and adjustment of spatial form by balancing the aesthetic preferences of local and non-local visitors, ultimately enhancing pedestrian street aesthetics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 238-258"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating visual stress within family and domestic violence refuges in Australia 调查澳大利亚家庭和家庭暴力庇护所内的视觉压力

IF 3.6 1区艺术学

Frontiers of Architectural Research Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2025.05.004

Heather Mitcheltree , Cleo Valentine , Ian Hosking , Arnold Wilkins , Minna Sunikka-Blank , Koen Steemers

{"title":"Investigating visual stress within family and domestic violence refuges in Australia","authors":"Heather Mitcheltree , Cleo Valentine , Ian Hosking , Arnold Wilkins , Minna Sunikka-Blank , Koen Steemers","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Family and domestic violence (FDV) is an issue that impacts on the health and wellbeing of women and children worldwide. Research shows that trauma-exposed individuals commonly experience heightened sensitivity to sensory triggers within the environmental milieu. Despite interest in trauma-informed design, the impact of visual stress has largely gone unexplored in the design of FDV refuges. This research utilises a novel visual stress analysis tool (ViStA) to examine the presence of potential visual stressors within two purpose-built FDV refuges in Australia. ViStA enables an assessment of visual stress, taking into account the complex interplay of size, spatial frequency, duty cycle, and contrast in the overall visual experience. Through an analysis of refuge images (<em>n</em> = 60), this study mapped the presence potential visual stressors. Through this analysis it was found that ‘high contrast linear elements’ were the most common potential visual stressors in both refuges. Common features among the spaces with the highest peak residuals were “perforated panelling” and “highly patterned surfaces”. Additionally, visual stressors were able to be categorised into eight primary functional categories of architectural features. The exploratory nature of this research underlines its importance as a foundational step towards developing evidence-based design practices for trauma-informed environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 54-69"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A cultural geographic perspective on the site selection of Tibetan Buddhist monasteries in mountainous regions of China 中国山区藏传佛教寺院选址的文化地理学视角

IF 3.6 1区艺术学

Frontiers of Architectural Research Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2025.04.010

Yange Wang, Pengju Zhang

{"title":"A cultural geographic perspective on the site selection of Tibetan Buddhist monasteries in mountainous regions of China","authors":"Yange Wang, Pengju Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.04.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The site selection of Tibetan Buddhist monasteries in ancient China was determined by a comprehensive evaluation of multiple factors, and numerous studies have demonstrated that religious culture and geography play major roles; however, this information is primarily derived from qualitative research or case studies. In this paper, based on the locations of 1307 Tibetan Buddhist monasteries in mountainous regions of China, we quantified 11 cultural and geographical factors and applied clustering and principal component analysis to explore the factors influencing site selection. The results indicate that Tibetan Buddhist monasteries in mountainous regions of China can be classified into 3 clusters based on the determinants of their site selection, which correspond to the 3 primary functional uses of monasteries, and they showed distinct site selection considerations of geographical factors. Cluster 1 demonstrates adaptive alignment with plateau topography, with aspect, slope and altitude as primary factors, cluster 2 prioritizes accessibility for lay worshippers, prioritizing proximity to water sources, transportation networks and settlements, cluster 3 emphasizes spiritual isolation for monastic purification, predominantly influenced by sunlight priority in the morning. Unlike earlier research, this study revealed the influence of religious culture on the site selection of Tibetan Buddhist monasteries are not statistically significant. These results serve as a new reference for the study of Tibetan Buddhist monastery site selection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 105-118"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A new form-evolving approach for adaptive tree-like structures using feature region principal stress lines method 基于特征区主应力线的自适应树状结构形式演化新方法

IF 3.6 1区艺术学

Frontiers of Architectural Research Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2025.03.008

Ziying Shi, Hang Dai, Yuchi Shen

{"title":"A new form-evolving approach for adaptive tree-like structures using feature region principal stress lines method","authors":"Ziying Shi, Hang Dai, Yuchi Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces a concept that adapts natural tree growth mechanisms through an adaptive, hierarchical subdivision of the in-plane design domain, utilizing principal stress lines (PSLs) extracted from feature regions (FRPSLs). The approach integrates architectural interactive design with structural logic, enabling the creation of free-form tree-like structures. A naturally curved tree-like structure is obtained through the superimposition of these patterns and iterative form evolution, with the final shape representing the outward expression of internal forces. Unlike traditional form-finding methods that rely solely on external vertical loading or single load conditions, this method considers vertical plus bi-directional horizontal forces by applying them to generate PSLs patterns. A naturally curved tree-like structure is obtained through the superimposition of these patterns and iterative form evolution, with the final shape representing the outward expression of internal forces. Numerical examples and design cases demonstrate that the proposed method effectively balances aesthetic needs with structural performance, offering a new approach for generating free-form tree-like structures. The results highlight its potential to provide more architectural alternatives with asymmetric, curvilinear forms without compromising structural integrity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 277-304"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Public transport vs. private vehicles: Spatial heterogeneity of accessibility to urban centers 公共交通与私家车：城市中心可达性的空间异质性

IF 3.6 1区艺术学

Frontiers of Architectural Research Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2025.05.001

Yanyi Zhu, Youpei Hu

{"title":"Public transport vs. private vehicles: Spatial heterogeneity of accessibility to urban centers","authors":"Yanyi Zhu, Youpei Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban transportation systems critically influence energy consumption and carbon emissions. To evaluate urban accessibility, it is essential to systematically compare the spatiotemporal efficiency of public transport and private vehicles. However, traditional methods are limited by data acquisition and computation costs. This study proposes a novel, cost-effective framework using open-source map data and Python-based routing tools to compare the spatiotemporal efficiency of public transport and private vehicles. Utilizing real-time traffic data, we establish automated processing workflows to analyze spatial heterogeneity in accessibility across central urban areas of Nanjing, with comparisons to Shanghai and Hangzhou. Key findings include: (1) Taking Nanjing as a case study, the research evaluates public transport accessibility in eastern China's riverfront economic zone using key indicators like travel time ratios, advantage areas, and walking transfer time. Spatial differentiation maps were used to clearly delineate underdeveloped public transport areas in Nanjing; (2) Despite differences in urban form and structure, all three cities exhibit similar characteristics: comparable travel time ratios, concentration of public transport advantages within 10 km of the city center, and a notably high share of walking transfer time; (3) The framework provides a scalable tool for analyzing spatial accessibility heterogeneity, supporting evidence-based public transport policy development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 162-179"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial planning interventions for winter sunbathing: Optimizing neighborhood open spaces for the elderly in Jiande, China 冬季日光浴的空间规划干预：中国建德老年人社区开放空间的优化

IF 3.6 1区艺术学

Frontiers of Architectural Research Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2025.04.008

Zhen Xu , Ziqun Lin , Lifei Wang , Ziqi Shang , Chayn Sun

{"title":"Spatial planning interventions for winter sunbathing: Optimizing neighborhood open spaces for the elderly in Jiande, China","authors":"Zhen Xu , Ziqun Lin , Lifei Wang , Ziqi Shang , Chayn Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As global aging accelerates, addressing older adults’ winter sunbathing—a culturally and significant practice enhancing well-being—remains underexplored in spatial planning. This study identifies and optimizes neighborhood open spaces (NOS) for winter sunbathing to improve elderly quality of life and social inclusion. We developed a framework integrating sunlight exposure (≥3 h), wind conditions (≤ 2 m/s), and walkability assessments. Analyzing 5.64 km<sup>2</sup> of Jiande, China, we identified 495 climatically suitable NOS. Findings reveal stark spatial disparities: older neighborhoods offer better access, while newer gated developments face shortages, exacerbated by topography-driven east-west climatic divides. Over 75 % of elderly residents rely on small, fragmented spaces, with informal areas filling planning gaps. High-rise developments increase wind exposure, limiting outdoor activity and further restricting suitable NOS. The study underscores the potential of informal spaces, such as vacant lots and underutilized areas, in addressing planning deficiencies. It highlights the critical role of spatial planning interventions in promoting aging in place, equitable access, and climate-responsive urban design. The proposed framework offers a transferable approach for integrating climate-sensitive, age-friendly design into global urban planning, fostering healthier and more inclusive cities for aging populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 144-161"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revealing urban lingering pattern at lake front: A spatial information mapping approach through public participatory GIS 揭示滨湖城市滞留格局：基于公众参与式GIS的空间信息制图方法

IF 3.6 1区艺术学

Frontiers of Architectural Research Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2025.03.012

Surabhi Mehrotra, Arshi Parashar, Yogesh K. Garg, Samiksha Muddamwar, Shefna Shihabudeen

{"title":"Revealing urban lingering pattern at lake front: A spatial information mapping approach through public participatory GIS","authors":"Surabhi Mehrotra, Arshi Parashar, Yogesh K. Garg, Samiksha Muddamwar, Shefna Shihabudeen","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.03.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.03.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>“Urban lingering” implies an extended stay of users in urban public spaces, which has physical, emotional, and social benefits. In recent times, lingering in public spaces has been increasingly taken over by sedentary lifestyles and the growing influence of social media. Hence, this paper attempts to identify the key factors contributing to urban lingering in public spaces to enhance users' experiences during their stay. For this, contributing factors to urban lingering were identified from literature and measured in five selected recreational public spaces in Bhopal City, the capital of Madhya Pradesh in India. Relationships between Lingering Factor (LF) and contributing factors were then established for male and female users. Public Participatory Geographic Information System (PPGIS) and questionnaire surveys were employed for spatial mapping and perception modeling. The findings of primary surveys indicate that the feeling of safety, parking availability, pleasing design, and memorability of the public space together strongly influence LF across all user groups (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.47, <em>p</em> value < 0.05). Data revealed that for male users, adequately sized spaces and lighting contribute to their lingering behavior (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.56, <em>p</em> value < 0.05), whereas for female users, accessibility and activities in public spaces are significant contributors to their lingering (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.48, <em>p</em> value < 0.05). The differences in the contributing factors to urban LF between male and female users confirm that users’ needs in public spaces thus present variation in preferences across space and the presented approach could be considered in planning infrastructure policies to enhance overall wellbeing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 180-193"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interaction of nursing efficiency and spatial design in different departments: An agent-based modeling approach 不同科室护理效率与空间设计的互动：基于主体的建模方法

IF 3.6 1区艺术学

Frontiers of Architectural Research Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2025.04.001

Xiaodong Xuan, Qi Wu, Leiming Yang, Wen Cao, Zixu Zhang, Yihe Zheng

{"title":"Interaction of nursing efficiency and spatial design in different departments: An agent-based modeling approach","authors":"Xiaodong Xuan, Qi Wu, Leiming Yang, Wen Cao, Zixu Zhang, Yihe Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The spatial design of nursing units can significantly enhance nurses' work efficiency. However, existing studies primarily focus on optimizing space for individual department, often overlooking the diverse spatial needs of different departments due to variations in work content. In this study, questionnaires were collected from 456 nurses across five departments of nursing units in 14 general hospitals, and semi-structured interviews and behavioral observations were conducted in the same five departments of nursing units in one hospital to assess spatial design and work efficiency, thus evaluating the impact of specialized design on departmental performance. Additionally, agent-based modeling (ABM) was utilized to simulate nursing efficiency in each department, comparing spatial arrangements before and after optimization by simulating nurses' behaviors. Results indicated obvious differences in spatial needs among departments, suggesting that standardized nursing unit designs fail to meet specific departmental needs, resulting in low satisfaction of nurses. Adjusting the spatial environments of nursing units based on departmental differences can improve efficiency. This study proposes optimization strategies for the spatial environments of nursing units in different departments, aiming to enhance nursing efficiency, job satisfaction, and reduce occupational stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temporal and spatial analysis of activity patterns: A case study of neighborhood park in the Orio–Hibikino area, Kitakyushu, Japan 活动模式的时空分析——以日本北九州Orio-Hibikino地区社区公园为例

IF 3.6 1区艺术学

Frontiers of Architectural Research Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2025.04.005

Dini Hardilla , Christina A. Garcia , Bart J. Dewanker

{"title":"Temporal and spatial analysis of activity patterns: A case study of neighborhood park in the Orio–Hibikino area, Kitakyushu, Japan","authors":"Dini Hardilla , Christina A. Garcia , Bart J. Dewanker","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research explores how the park's design features and temporal conditions, such as weather and season, affect user activity in parks near neighborhood communities. The hypothesis is that user behavior patterns are influenced by complex interactions between spatial and non-spatial characteristics, including the park's physical layout, park features, demographic composition, weather conditions, and temporal variations. This study has two main goals: to analyze the spatial distribution of activities and temporal variations of activities occurring in walking paths, open areas, playground amenities, and benches across four parks located in the neighborhood communities of Kitakyushu using real-world datasets collected over summer and autumn in 2024. Activity patterns have been evaluated by user spatial patterns with similar activity and location and relabel activity zone and park feature performances. Results reveal that certain locations emerge as activity nodes or “hotspots” for particular activities, depending on the season and time of day, emphasizing the dynamic interaction between park design and user engagement. This study provides insights supporting the adaptability and responsive approach to park design and planning, considering both spatial temporal dynamics in understanding and optimizing park usage patterns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 259-276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0