Frontiers of Architectural Research最新文献

{"title":"Simulation study of non-traveling pedestrian traffic in high-speed railway station areas: A case study of the Yangtze River Delta","authors":"Chenyang Zhang,&nbsp;Beixiang Shi,&nbsp;Junyan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-Traveling Pedestrian Traffic (NTPT) plays a pivotal role in promoting business development and resident activities within High-Speed Railway Station Areas (HSRSA). However, extracting NTPT from the substantial human flow in HSRSA is technically challenging, leading to an insufficient previous discourse on the subject. In this study, we developed a simulation model for NTPT based on spatial and functional data, complemented by an evaluation framework incorporating indicators such as completeness, hierarchy, and centrality. The feasibility of this model is heightened by its reduced reliance on the collection and processing of massive pedestrian flow data. Using the Yangtze River Delta in China as a case study, the model simulation results show that limitations in NTPT development in the HSRSAs primarily stem from the lack of links between nodes and deficiencies in guiding and reinforcing these links, in addition to the fact that high-speed rail passengers exert a pronounced negative impact on NTPT. This study illustrates that NTPT is a consequence of the comprehensive interplay of spatial planning, functional development, and management policies in HSRSA. The analytical framework developed in this study contributes to elucidating the multifactorial mechanisms influencing NTPT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"14 3","pages":"Pages 714-725"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143645080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing sustainable practices in architecture: A data-driven analysis of LEED certification adoption and impact in top firms from 2000 to 2023","authors":"Jingyi Xu ,&nbsp;Minghui Cheng ,&nbsp;Anchen Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amid increasing global environmental concerns, the architectural industry is under increasing pressure to implement sustainable practices. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification has become a crucial benchmark for assessing green building practices. This study investigates the adoption and impact of LEED-certified projects within leading architectural firms from 2000 to 2023, utilizing a novel data mining framework to scan extensive datasets on LEED projects and firm operations. We introduce two key metrics: the Weighted LEED Achieved Score (WLAS) and the Green Impact Ratio (GIR), which evaluate the sustainability efforts of firms in relation to their market size and project scale. These metrics yield insights into how firms incorporate sustainability into their business and the environmental outcomes of their projects. Our research uncovers significant trends in LEED standard adoption, illustrating a strengthening commitment to sustainable buildings. The analysis underscores the strategic importance of these practices for securing a competitive edge and aligning with global sustainability objectives. This paper contributes to the sustainable architecture discourse by providing fresh insights into the integration and effectiveness of LEED certification among top firms and offering a comprehensive framework for evaluating the environmental and economic aspects of sustainability in architecture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"14 3","pages":"Pages 784-796"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphogenic processes of adaptability and interconnectedness between urban interventions and informal settlements","authors":"Carlos Augusto Martínez Muñoz,&nbsp;Francisco Javier Maroto Ramos","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Contemporary intervention strategies in Latin America have been mainly based on adaptability and informal interconnection processes based on observing morphogenic evolution in informal settlements. These behaviours were first explored by John F.C. Turner in Peru in the 1960s and Jorge Mario Jáuregui since the 2000s, subsequently used as necessary project tools in planning informal contexts. However, empirical evidence reveals that both processes have been approached individually in the interventions, showing a disconnection in the scale produced and in their complementarity of action. The objective of the study is to identify factors that originate the connection and disconnection of the processes of adaptability and interconnection between the intervention and the informal settlement, establishing a hypothesis that the disconnection produced between both processes reduces the effectiveness of the intervention to the detriment of the informal settlement. As a method, variables involved in these processes are analysed in representative models from the United States, Chile, Brazil, Colombia, and South Africa from a formal (state and private programs) and informal (evolutionary phases) perspective. As a result, the research provides new insights into the insertion of adaptability and interconnectedness processes endowed with greater effectiveness in interventions on informal settlements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"14 3","pages":"Pages 726-738"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender disparities in perceived visibility and crime anxiety in piloti parking spaces of multifamily housing: A virtual reality study","authors":"So Yeon Park ,&nbsp;Gisung Han ,&nbsp;Jee Heon Rhee ,&nbsp;Kyung Hoon Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined the influence of gender differences on perceived visibility and crime anxiety within the architectural context of multifamily residential areas, utilizing virtual reality to simulate environments in street spaces and piloti parking areas. By exploring gender-specific responses to architectural design elements, this study aimed to provide a nuanced understanding of how visibility and environmental design have different effects on safety perceptions for men and women. The findings revealed that men preferred unobstructed views to enhance their sense of security, while women prioritized minimizing blind spots within their immediate vicinity, viewing transparent fences as spatial delineators as enhancing the sense of a controlled and secure space rather than as visual barriers. This study further demonstrates that perceived visibility significantly mitigates fear of crime across genders, yet emphasizes that interventions to increase visibility must be gender-sensitive to avoid counterproductive effects. This study highlights the need for urban planning and design strategies that accommodate gender differences in safety perceptions, suggesting a move toward more inclusive and gender-responsive urban environments. The limitations of this study and directions for future research are discussed to enhance our understanding of the complex relationship between urban design, visibility, and safety perceptions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"Pages 471-486"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive improvement of energy efficiency and indoor environmental quality for university library atrium—A multi-objective fast optimization framework","authors":"Shen Xu ,&nbsp;Yongzhong Chen ,&nbsp;Jianlin Liu ,&nbsp;Jian Kang ,&nbsp;JinFeng Gao ,&nbsp;Yuchen Qin ,&nbsp;Wenjun Tan ,&nbsp;Gaomei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.08.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.08.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-carbon, energy-saving, and health have become a common trend for the whole of mankind. However, how to balance the relationship between energy-saving and healthy indoor environment is a key issue for sustainable building development. This paper extracted the prototypical form of university library atrium based on 44 library cases in Wuhan. A methodology verified with measured data for evaluating building performance was constructed, and the synergistic influence of spatial morphology parameters on the building energy efficiency (BEE) and indoor environmental quality (IEQ) was analyzed. Finally, a multi-objective fast optimization framework coupled with machine learning algorithms was used to achieve the optimal design of university library atrium. The results showed that the parameters that influence the building energy consumption, indoor thermal comfort, daylighting performance most were the height-to-width ratio, the skylight solar heat gain coefficient, and the sidewall window-to-wall ratio, respectively. The machine learning models predicted performance 400 times faster than traditional performance simulations. And compared with the worst-performance scheme, the maximum optimization rate of building energy consumption, indoor thermal comfort, daylighting performance was 29.46%, 10.46%, and 65.56%, respectively. The multi-objective fast optimization framework could provide guidance for policy makers and architects to performance-based design in the early design stages of university library atrium.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"Pages 449-470"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a transformation in urban commuting analysis with high-precision mobile phone signaling data: Identifying commuting characteristics based on individual scale","authors":"Yuhao Yang ,&nbsp;Mengze Fu ,&nbsp;Ruixi Dong ,&nbsp;Fan Xie ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the widespread use of navigational satellites, the ubiquity of mobile phones, and the rapid advancement of mobile communication technologies, high-precision mobile phone signaling data (HMPSD) holds exceptional promise for discerning fine-grained characteristics of residents' travel behaviors, owing to its superior spatial and temporal resolution. This study focuses on identifying the most consistent commuting patterns of residents in the Qiaoxi District of Shijiazhuang, China, over the course of a month, using these patterns as the basis for transport mode identification. Leveraging the high-precise geographical coordinates of individuals' workplaces and homes, along with actual commuting durations derived from the high-frequency positioning of HMPSD, and comparing these with the predicted commuting durations for four transport modes from a navigational map, we have developed a novel approach for identifying individual transport modes, incorporating time matching, frequency ranking, and speed threshold assessments. This approach swiftly and effectively identifies the commuting modes for each resident—namely, driving, public transportation, walking, bicycling, and electric biking—along with their respective commuting distances and durations. Furthermore, to support urban planning and transportation management efforts, we aggregated individual commuting data—including flows, modes, distances, and durations—at a parcel level. This aggregation method effectively reveals favorable commuting characteristics within the central area of Qiaoxi District, highlights the commuting needs and irrational commuting conditions in peripheral parcels, and informs tailored strategies for adjusting planning layouts and optimizing facility configurations. This study facilitates an in-depth exploration of fine-grained travel patterns through integrated air-land transportation resources, providing new insights and methodologies for refined urban transportation planning and travel management through advanced data applications and identification methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"Pages 560-580"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro-scale built environment and pedestrian behavior: A focus on sidewalks in commercial districts in Tokyo","authors":"Yuhan Gao,&nbsp;Da Du,&nbsp;Nobuaki Furuya","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sidewalks play an indispensable role in creating walkable environments. In commercial districts, sidewalks increase connectivity and can enhance pedestrian volume, which promotes commerce. While past research has explored commercial factors affecting pedestrian behavior on sidewalks, few studies have explored the effects of architectural factors. This study centers on two sidewalks in commercial districts in Tokyo as a case study, seeking to elucidate the relationship between micro-scale built environment factors and pedestrian behavior. Nineteen factors are analyzed in relation to pedestrian volume and staying. Correlation analysis reveals that pedestrian volume and staying are significantly correlated with seven and six built environment factors, respectively. Stepwise multiple linear regression further reveals that pedestrian volume is positively correlated with passable width, <span><math><mrow><mi>W</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>D</mi></mrow></math></span>, and movable greening, while being negatively correlated with flagship. Staying, conversely, is positively correlated with passable width, sky rate, and <span><math><mrow><mi>D</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>H</mi></mrow></math></span>. Based on these identified relationships, a predictive model is established for pedestrian volumes in sidewalks in commercial districts. The findings of this study may provide workable insights for decision-makers aiming to establish walkable environments and encouraging pedestrian activity and may aid in developing detailed plans based on specific factors influencing pedestrian behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"Pages 416-428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of scenery frame on visual depth perception in classical Chinese gardens: A case study of the Lvyin Pavilion in Lingering Garden","authors":"Haipeng Zhu ,&nbsp;Yuhang Kong ,&nbsp;Hong Zhang ,&nbsp;Zongchao Gu ,&nbsp;Ryuzo Ohno","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Visual depth (distance) perception is a fundamental aspect of environmental cognition, as it allows people to judge the spatial scale of their surroundings. However, estimating the depth of classical Chinese gardens is challenging, especially from static viewpoints that frame the scenery. Previous studies have examined how the internal components of the scenery frame affect depth perception. Still, the role of the frame and its peripheral information as environmental background have been largely overlooked. This study investigates how depth perception at viewpoints is influenced by viewing position displacement, frame geometry, and environmental context. The authors created nine stimulus materials in a cave virtual reality environment (three image treatments × three positions). Seventy-one participants were asked to evaluate depth perception using the magnitude estimation and adjustment methods. Their eye movement behavior was also recorded using an eye-movement instrument (SensoMotoric Instruments (SMI) eye-tracking glasses, 120 Hz). The results showed that participants could perceive spatial depth differences between viewing positions even when the internal viewpoint displacement was small; frame shape did not significantly affect depth perception and gaze behavior; and peripheral visual information of the frame enhanced depth perception significantly. Moreover, the form of the environmental background, especially the position of the scenery window, strongly guided the participants’ gaze. These findings suggest that ambient visual information significantly impacts environmental experience, which landscape designers should consider.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"Pages 402-415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial scaling effects analysis of existing historical streets in Chinese cities based on the Ping Ge type map—In case study of Quanzhou East‒West Street","authors":"Xinyi Chen,&nbsp;Yuhang Kong,&nbsp;Zhe Guo,&nbsp;Jianxun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to the lack of objective evaluation criteria for interpreting the spatial scales of historical streets, as well as the problem of fragmented and complex textures, this research proposes an analysis method for assessing the spatial scaling effects using the Ping Ge type map. Drawing on the Ping Ge cartographic methods from the Qing Dynasty (1644–1911), it connects ancient measurement systems with objective evaluation criteria based on object relations and utilizes surveying maps from the Republic of China (1912–1949) to clarify temporal attributes of texture. The study employs a typical case study to demonstrate the feasibility of using the Ping Ge type map in interpreting historical streets. By creating the Ping Ge type map of the East‒West Street in Quanzhou Ancient City and utilizing form diagrams, it reveals patterns such as scale multiplications within respective plots, transformations in linear sequences of streets, and increases or decreases in plot series scales. The case analysis indicates that the Ping Ge type map effectively uncover the spatial scaling characteristics of historical street layouts in China and can transform them into design resources that preserve the inner order of cities, thereby promoting spatial scaling awareness in the planning and design of regional architectural clusters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"Pages 342-363"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression and communication in architecture philosophy of vernacular architecture of the Yorubas in Nigeria","authors":"Ale Taiwo Ayomide ,&nbsp;Ajayi Olugbengba Victor ,&nbsp;Taiwo Abraham Adeniyi ,&nbsp;Fakere Alexander Adeyemi","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.07.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.07.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigated how Yoruba architectural philosophy was expressed and communicated through their vernacular architecture, despite its gradually diminishing presence in modern times. A mixed-method approach involving questionnaire, interview, and observation checklist was adopted to achieve this. Using the stratified random sampling technique, a sample size of 240 respondents was selected. Of these, 168 copies of the questionnaire were returned, resulting in a 70% response rate. A structured interview was also conducted, which provided a clearer understanding of the architectural philosophy behind Yoruba vernacular architecture. To present the results of the analysis conducted using SPSS, tables, and charts were created and incorporated into the report. The study found out that Yoruba vernacular architecture expresses a range of architectural philosophies beyond aesthetics and art form. However, many of these philosophies are at risk of going into extinction due to the demolition and renovation of traditional buildings. This highlights the importance of preserving and promoting Yoruba architectural heritage in modern designs, to ensure the preservation of its cultural significance. The study concluded that it is crucial to integrate these traditional elements into contemporary architecture, to allow the Yoruba architectural philosophy to continue to be expressed and communicated to future generations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"Pages 315-326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}