The ISME Journal最新文献

{"title":"Persistent antimicrobial resistance during soil remediation driven by residual heavy metal co-selection.","authors":"Rui Xue,Yiyue Zhang,Hongzhe Li,Jian Li,Wenshun Ke,Shilin Hu,Chaoran Li,Faith Ka Shun Chan,Li Cui","doi":"10.1093/ismejo/wrag058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ismejo/wrag058","url":null,"abstract":"Remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil is a global priority, particularly as reclaimed land increasingly intersects with urban development and human exposure. However, the ecological consequences of soil remediation, especially its impact on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as a global health threat, have remained poorly understood. Here, we combined single-cell Raman-D₂O probing with genome-resolved metagenomics to monitor the dynamics of phenotypic and genotypic resistance to metals and antibiotics during a 120-day remediation of soils with three contamination levels from a lead-zinc smelting site. Although chemical remediation substantially reduced bioavailable metals (by 42-65%), AMR was not diminished. Instead, both phenotypic activity and gene abundance of metal- and antibiotic-resistant microorganisms increased, resulting in a 2-to 3-fold increase in AMR-associated health risks. Among 76 metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) from phenotypic resistance communities, all Cd resistance-associated MAGs harbored multidrug resistance genes, half of which were colocalized with metal resistance determinants, and their prevalence continued to rise with remediation. These findings reveal that although remediation alleviates acute metal toxicity, residual low-concentration bioavailable metals sustain evolutionary selection for resistance, highlighting a disconnect between chemical recovery and biological safety. Moreover, the improved soil nutrient and physiochemical properties of remediated soils further promoted the proliferation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This study offers new ecological insights into the unintended consequences of anthropogenic interventions, underscoring the need to integrate biological safety into soil health and safety assessments.","PeriodicalId":516554,"journal":{"name":"The ISME Journal","volume":"303 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147471854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon monoxide-driven proton respiration enables facultative anaerobes to survive electron acceptor limitation.","authors":"Yuka Adachi Katayama,Masao Inoue,Shunsuke Okamoto,Yoshihiko Sako,Ryoma Kamikawa,Chris Greening,Takashi Yoshida","doi":"10.1093/ismejo/wrag059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ismejo/wrag059","url":null,"abstract":"Diverse microorganisms couple the oxidation of carbon monoxide gas (CO) to the reduction of protons, producing hydrogen gas (H2) using nickel-containing CO dehydrogenase/energy-converting hydrogenase (Ni-CODH/ECH). Although this process yields one of the lowest free-energy gains in biology, its physiological role at environmentally relevant CO levels remains unresolved. Here, we show that Ni-CODH/ECH functions as a survival-oriented energy conservation system that enables heterotrophic facultative anaerobes to survive electron acceptor limitation, rather than primarily supporting growth or CO detoxification. Analysis of 387 genomes of Anoxybacillaceae species revealed that Ni-CODH/ECH had a patchy distribution and, with one exception, was mutually exclusive with the oxygen-tolerant molybdenum-containing CODH, suggesting ecological specialization. Culture experiments using three isolates (Parageobacillus sp. G301, P. thermoglucosidasius NBRC 107763, and Thermolongibacillus altinsuensis B1-1) demonstrated that CO-dependent proton respiration is activated during stationary phase when exogenous electron acceptors are limiting, maintaining cell density under 25% CO, whereas no effect was observed in a Ni-CODH knockout (ΔcooCSF) strain. RNA-seq analysis of Parageobacillus sp. G301 under twelve conditions revealed that Ni-CODH/ECH genes are highly expressed (top 0.2-1.9% of all genes) under electron acceptor-free conditions, independent of CO presence, under the predicted control of the redox-dependent transcriptional repressor Rex. ΔcooCSF cultures accumulated more CO than the wild-type, suggesting trace CO scavenging by the wild-type. Together, our results redefine Ni-CODH/ECH as a redox-regulated auxiliary energy-conservation strategy that supports survival and maintenance in anaerobic energy-limited environments using two ubiquitous substrates. This work extends the carboxydovore paradigm of trace gas-based survival from aerobic to spatiotemporally variable anaerobic environments.","PeriodicalId":516554,"journal":{"name":"The ISME Journal","volume":"146 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147471453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-evolutionary dynamics sustain a potent yet rare antibiotic gene cluster in Streptomyces.","authors":"Jiao Wang,Ning Liu,Minghao Liu,Ying Huang","doi":"10.1093/ismejo/wrag060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ismejo/wrag060","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial secondary metabolites have been recognized and utilized for nearly a century. Nevertheless, the eco-evolutionary mechanisms governing their distribution among microorganisms remain largely unresolved. In this study, we examined intraspecific interactions within Streptomyces albidoflavus and identified a strain exhibiting potent antagonistic activity against conspecifics. This \"killer\" phenotype was attributed to the production of kosinostatin, a hybrid aromatic polyketide antibiotic. Evolutionary genomic analyses provided strong evidence that the kosinostatin biosynthetic gene cluster was horizontally acquired in S. albidoflavus over a relatively short evolutionary timescale, a finding consistent with its sparse distribution within this species, across the genus Streptomyces, and even throughout the phylum Actinomycetota. Using microcosm assays, we demonstrated that the kosinostatin producer outcompeted sensitive conspecifics in liquid culture but not in soil, indicating that environmental context plays a key role in altering the fitness benefits of this cluster. Moreover, the competitive advantage was observed only in the presence of sensitive strains, revealing a trade-off between fitness benefits and metabolic costs. These results highlight the role of context-dependent selection in shaping the evolutionary persistence of the kosinostatin cluster. The current distribution pattern of this cluster in S. albidoflavus likely results from a dynamic interplay of intraspecific horizontal gene transfer, vertical inheritance, and recurrent gene loss. Overall, our findings establish an eco-evolutionary framework that explains the rarity of a potent antibiotic gene cluster in Streptomyces, illustrating how environmental constraints, fitness trade-offs, and gene flux collectively orchestrate the biosynthetic architecture of Streptomyces species.","PeriodicalId":516554,"journal":{"name":"The ISME Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147471856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoxia increases microbial carbon assimilation of taurine in a seasonally anoxic fjord.","authors":"Ömer K Coskun,William D Orsi,Ian P G Marshall,Katharina A Muschler,Nico Mitschke,Timothy G Ferdelman,Gonzalo V Gomez-Saez","doi":"10.1093/ismejo/wrag057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ismejo/wrag057","url":null,"abstract":"Hypoxic zones are expanding globally altering marine biogeochemical cycles. Within these low-oxygen regions, microbial communities play a key role in the production, degradation, and transformation of dissolved organic sulfur (DOS) compounds. Taurine is a bioavailable DOS compound widely utilized by marine microbes with a central role in nutrients exchange, energy production and biomass generation. However, in stratified water columns with varying oxygen conditions, the specific microbial taxa assimilating taurine as a carbon source remain poorly characterized. Here, we applied quantitative stable isotope probing (qSIP) experiments using 13C-labeled organosulfur compounds (taurine and methionine) and 13C-glucose to identify active microbial utilizers in oxic and hypoxic waters in the seasonally anoxic Mariager Fjord (Denmark, Kattegat Sea). Our qSIP results were supported by physicochemical measurements and geochemical data. Taurine-derived 13C-carbon was assimilated into microbial biomass exclusively under hypoxic conditions, primarily by Flavobacteriaceae (Bacteroidota), indicating that taurine serves as a carbon source only when oxygen is limited. 13C-taurine and 13C-methionine assimilation were strongly associated, suggesting a flexible metabolic strategy for utilizing organosulfur compounds in hypoxic waters. In oxic waters, 13C-methionine and 13C-glucose were assimilated by distinct taxonomic groups, dominated by Bacteroidota and Verrucomicrobiota, respectively. Overall, our study identifies active microbial communities assimilating organosulfur compounds under varying oxygen levels in the seasonally anoxic Mariager Fjord, providing new insights into key microbial processes in low-oxygen coastal systems.","PeriodicalId":516554,"journal":{"name":"The ISME Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147495045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Priority effects drive strain-level community composition of honeybee gut microbiota","authors":"Aiswarya Prasad, Gonçalo Santos-Matos, Alexandra Szigeti-Genoud, Florent Mazel, Philipp Engel","doi":"10.1093/ismejo/wrag056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ismejo/wrag056","url":null,"abstract":"Gut microbial communities often differ at the strain level among individual hosts, but the mechanisms driving this variation remain poorly understood. One potential factor is priority effects, a process in which differences in the timing and order of microbial colonization influence subsequent community assembly (\"first come, first served\" dynamics). We hypothesize that such priority effects operate at the strain level within species, where closely related bacteria exhibit niche overlap, and that these dynamics can lead to community divergence even under similar environmental conditions. We tested these predictions, using the gut microbiota of honeybees, which harbor conserved microbial communities that differ in strain composition among individual bees. We sequentially colonized microbiota-depleted honeybees with two distinct microbial communities composed of the same twelve core microbiota species but different strains, ensuring that individuals shared species-level composition but differed at the strain level. We found that firstcomer strains consistently dominated the resulting communities, suggesting strong priority effects. Dropout experiments in which the firstcomer strain of a species was removed led to only partial increases in the colonization success of the conspecific latecomer, suggesting that both intra- and inter-species interactions contribute to priority effects. Our findings highlight the significant role of priority effects in strain-level community assembly and reveal their influence in shaping the specialized gut microbiota of honeybees, with important implications for the development of probiotic strategies in beekeeping.","PeriodicalId":516554,"journal":{"name":"The ISME Journal","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147489450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cellular membrane protein MipA from E.coli Nissle 1917 protects against Salmonella infection.","authors":"Yunqing Xiang,Huipai Peng,Yanxia Li,Hui Wen,Nan Li,Xiaozhi Liu,Guodong Yuan,Yong Shi,Shuqiang Huang","doi":"10.1093/ismejo/wrag054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ismejo/wrag054","url":null,"abstract":"Intestinal microbiota resists pathogenic bacterial infections through colonization resistance, largely attributed to direct microbial competition. However, whether commensals can provide colonization resistance by remodeling the host epithelial niche remains underexplored. Here, by combining in vivo mouse models and a gut-on-chip model, this study demonstrates that the resistance of commensal E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) against Salmonella Typhimurium (STm) infection is strictly dependent on EcN pre-colonization. Mechanistically, the EcN outer membrane protein MipA was identified as a key factor that induces the upregulation of integrin-linked kinase (ILK), thereby reinforcing tight junction integrity and restricting Salmonella infection. Engineering a non-protective strain to express MipA was sufficient to confer resistance against Salmonella infection. This work reveals an epithelial defense mechanism triggered by a specific probiotic protein, with implications for developing preventive strategies against enteric infections.","PeriodicalId":516554,"journal":{"name":"The ISME Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147439476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocontrol potential and molecular basis of predation in a marine raptorial ciliate.","authors":"Jiao Pan,Jiahao Ni,Yaohai Wang,Ziguang Deng,Hongwei Yue,Kangqiao Dong,Yichen Li,Zhongze Lei,Ziming Ma,Gongze Hu,Runda Chi,Zhongyu Chang,Qikai Chen,Yujun Cai,Hanlin Shen,Runzhi Shi,Wei Yang,Xinpeng Fan,Weiyi Li,Zhiqiang Ye,Michael Lynch,Yu Zhang,Hongan Long","doi":"10.1093/ismejo/wrag053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ismejo/wrag053","url":null,"abstract":"Predator-prey interactions are widespread across organisms and are key drivers of morphological and behavioral evolution. Despite this, predation remains poorly understood among microbial eukaryotes, mostly due to the absence of a tractable experimental system that allows quantitative, reproducible investigation. This study establishes the marine raptorial ciliate Chaenea vorax as a highly efficient predator, with Rosenzweig-MacArthur model simulations based on predation data showing that only a few dozen individuals can eliminate the vast majority of the facultatively pathogenic ciliate Uronema marinum within 1-2 days, providing a quantitative basis for developing predator-based biocontrol strategies in aquaculture. Genomic analysis shows that C. vorax possesses a highly fragmented macronuclear genome enriched with predation-related pathways, including calcium-mediated contractility, cellular proteolysis, toxin expulsion systems, among others. Transcriptomic profiling during predation events further demonstrates significant upregulation of genes involved in cytoskeletal remodeling, proteolytic activity, and cellular detoxification. Evolutionary analyses suggest that C. vorax has an extremely long evolutionary history, exceptionally high nucleotide diversity even among ciliates, and gene family expansions linked to predatory adaptation. Although the prey possesses certain defensive mechanisms (e.g., trichocysts), these are largely ineffective against short-term predation in closed aquatic environments. These findings provide fundamental insights into the molecular basis of predation in ciliates and suggest the potential utility of C. vorax in biocontrol applications targeting pathogenic ciliates.","PeriodicalId":516554,"journal":{"name":"The ISME Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147439477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioplastic biodegradability shapes microbial communities in a coastal brackish environment.","authors":"Igor S Pessi,Eeva Eronen-Rasimus,Pinja Näkki,David N Thomas,Hermanni Kaartokallio","doi":"10.1093/ismejo/wrag052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ismejo/wrag052","url":null,"abstract":"Microorganisms are metabolically versatile and central to marine ecosystems, yet the potential of marine microbial communities to degrade different bioplastics and the effect of environmental factors are poorly understood. Employing multi-seasonal in situ and in vitro experiments, we assessed the biodegradation of six commonly used bio-based bioplastic materials at a coastal site in the brackish Baltic Sea and characterised the associated microbial communities using metagenomics and metatranscriptomics. Cellulose acetate (CA), polybutylene succinate (PBS), and polyhydroxybutyrate/valerate (PHB) degraded at varying rates across materials, seasons, and experimental settings, with up to 28% weight attrition after 97 weeks in situ (CA) and 56% carbon loss to CO2 after four weeks in vitro (PBS). The three biodegraded plastics developed similar microbial communities that differed markedly from those on the other materials (cellulose acetate propionate, polyamide, and polyethylene) and in the water column. The main microbial populations on the biodegraded plastics included aerobic and facultative anaerobic heterotrophs with a broad capacity for carbohydrate metabolism. Populations with the potential for nitrogen fixation and denitrification were more prevalent on the biodegraded plastics, suggesting that bioplastic biodegradation is constrained by and coupled to the marine nitrogen cycle. Based on the metatranscriptomic signal of key genes involved in the initial hydrolysis of CA, PBS, and PHB, we identified diverse microbial populations that can potentially drive the biodegradation of these materials in the Baltic Sea, many of which encoded the potential to degrade multiple bioplastics. We propose the term bioplastisphere to denote the distinctive microbial communities associated with biodegradable plastics.","PeriodicalId":516554,"journal":{"name":"The ISME Journal","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147439481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polystyrene-degrading bacteria modulate host stress and toxicity responses to microplastic exposure in Caenorhabditis elegans.","authors":"Min-Geun Kang,Daniel Junpyo Lee,Arthur Junghun Kim,Ki Beom Jang,Anna Kang,Youbin Choi,Jihyun Yoon,Eunsol Seo,Younghoon Kim","doi":"10.1093/ismejo/wrag051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ismejo/wrag051","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastic exposure is an emerging health risk. Host-associated plastic-degrading commensal bacteria can directly interact with microplastic particles and alter them physically and chemically, thereby potentially modulating microplastic toxicity. Despite numerous reports of plastic-degrading bacteria isolated from host intestines, how these interactions affect host physiology remains unclear. Here, we compared two polystyrene-degrading bacteria-Enterobacter hormaechei LG3 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SCGB1-in Caenorhabditis elegans exposed to laboratory-manufactured 1-μm polystyrene microspheres (Mi-PS). LG3-fed worms showed dose-dependent physiological impairment in response to Mi-PS, whereas SCGB1-fed worms exhibited attenuated or negligible impairment. The strains interacted with Mi-PS via distinct physiological and metabolic responses, reflected by differences in biofilm formation, particle attachment, and metabolite profiles. These strain-specific differences were confirmed to directly influence host outcomes. Under identical exposure conditions (10 mg/L, 50 h), LG3-fed worms accumulated more Mi-PS particles in the gut than SCGB1-fed worms (n = 48; mean ± SD, 3.28 ± 4.22 vs 0.63 ± 1.03 particles per worm). A transcriptome-guided validation framework provided mechanistic clues to strain-specific microplastic interactions. LG3-associated impairment coincided with the formation of oxidized Mi-PS particles, production of oxidized styrene intermediates, and microparticle-driven changes in bacterial cell properties, including activation of the lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis pathway. In contrast, SCGB1-associated attenuation was consistent with isobutyrate/isovalerate-mediated modulation of host DAF signaling. Collectively, these results link bacteria-microplastic interactions to host outcomes and offer actionable insight for assessing and mitigating microplastic-related health risks.","PeriodicalId":516554,"journal":{"name":"The ISME Journal","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147439479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles of microbial interactions in determining the establishment and function of synthetic consortium inoculants for soil applications.","authors":"Yinuo Xu,Shilva Shrestha,Qing Sun,Ying Wang","doi":"10.1093/ismejo/wrag050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ismejo/wrag050","url":null,"abstract":"Synthetic microbial consortium inoculants are emerging nature-based solutions for promoting sustainable agriculture and mitigating environmental challenges. However, despite promising results in simpler lab-scale trials, many inoculants fail to establish or perform satisfactorily in field conditions. One most critical yet least understood factor influencing inoculant effectiveness is the complex microbial interactions, both within consortium inoculants (\"within-community\" interactions) and between consortium inoculants and native soil communities (\"cross-community\" interactions). Here, we first discuss major negative and positive \"within-community\" interactions and highlight the importance to design consortium inoculants with positive interactions for improved stability and functionality. We then examine the bidirectional \"cross-community\" interactions once introducing consortium inoculants to soils. Soil native communities often create strong resistance to the invasion of inoculants. We discuss major drivers controlling the invasibility of native communities and various strategies increasing the invasiveness of consortium inoculants. We then discuss how consortium inoculants can reshape native communities, with implications for long-term ecosystem resilience and functioning. We propose future research efforts including advancing strategies for harnessing natural species from relatively untapped soil reservoirs and using high-throughput interaction profiling with computational tools to build compatible synthetic consortia with desirable functions; leveraging positive interactions and prebiotics to facilitate inoculant establishment; and assessing fully soil functional resilience over longer terms, including recognizing the importance of rare keystone taxa. By integrating with ecological theory, this review provides a comprehensive insight into microbial interactions to advance the design, application, and monitoring of synthetic consortium inoculants for enhancing soil health and ecosystem sustainability.","PeriodicalId":516554,"journal":{"name":"The ISME Journal","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147383510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}