Substance use & addiction journal最新文献

{"title":"Adverse Events at 1 Month Following Medication Initiation for Opioid Use Disorder Among Adolescents and Young Adults.","authors":"Mishka Terplan, Kevin E O'Grady, Laura B Monico, Robert P Schwartz, Jan Gryczynski, Marc J Fishman, Shannon Gwin Mitchell","doi":"10.1177/29767342241275738","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342241275738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We assess adverse events (AEs) following medication initiation for adolescents and young adults with opioid use disorder (OUD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a secondary analysis of a clinical trial of long-acting injectable naltrexone (LAI-naltrexone) among youth with OUD aged 15 to 21 years. Participants were recruited from residential treatment and placed into 1 of 3 treatment groups based on medication receipt at time of discharge (no medication, sublingual buprenorphine-naloxone [buprenorphine], or LAI-naltrexone). Frequencies and percentages of AEs by body system were compared by medication group at the 1-month follow-up visit. Logistic regression was used to compare groups on their likelihood of reporting an AE, overall and excluding injection site reactions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 199 participants, 71 (36%) received no medication, 59 (30%) buprenorphine, and 69 (35%) LAI-naltrexone at discharge. Participants who received LAI-naltrexone experienced more AEs, primarily due to injection site reactions (62%, accounting for 43% of all AEs among participants who received LAI-naltrexone). There were 6 reports of nonlethal overdose, 5 in the no medication, 1 in the buprenorphine, and none in the LAI-naltrexone group. Participants receiving LAI-naltrexone were more likely to report an AE compared to the other groups (<i>P</i> = .04), but this difference was no longer significant when excluding injection site reactions (<i>P</i> = .82).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Excluding injection site reactions, there were no significant differences in the likelihood of reporting an AE 1 month after receiving LAI-NTX, buprenorphine, and no medications. LAI-naltrexone should be among the medications offered for the treatment of OUD in youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"72-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142305687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National Addiction Workshop: A Virtual Adaptation to Support Competency Development in Opioid Use Disorder Management.","authors":"Gabriela Garcia-Vassallo, Noel B Quinn, Brent A Moore, Sara Chaudhry, David T Moore, Sarah T Sorenson, Shawn Braddock, Ellen L Edens","doi":"10.1177/29767342241273423","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342241273423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accessible, manualized, skill-based training ready for wide dissemination is needed to prepare healthcare staff to meet the needs of people impacted by the opioid epidemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 2-day workshop and simulation training was designed by an interprofessional substance use disorder (SUD) specialty care team, adapted to a virtual platform, manualized, and offered to healthcare staff and trainees from a large healthcare system. The workshop was offered 6 times over the course of 10 months with a total of 177 participants from across the United States enrolled in the training. Interactive experiential learning strategies including games designed to test knowledge, small-group case discussions, video demonstrations of skills, patient panels, and 3 simulations of a patient with chronic pain who developed opioid use disorder in the context of long-term opioid therapy were utilized in efforts to build skills and confidence managing SUDs in primary care and general mental health settings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of those who completed the post-workshop survey, most found both content and training structure useful, particularly content related to medication management, stigma, and collaborative care. In addition, overall confidence scores in assessing, diagnosing, and treating SUD increased. Skill building exercises, such as interprofessional team simulations, were highlighted as most beneficial. The workshop received national attention leading to a partnership with the healthcare system's simulation center for wider dissemination.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Expanding access to SUD treatment requires training healthcare staff to effectively change attitudes, increase knowledge, and improve key skills. This 2-day interprofessional workshop was well-received by participants who reported high acceptability and satisfaction scores and demonstrated improved confidence in the management of SUDs. This type of manualized, collaborative, skill-based learning experience can foster staff preparedness and willingness to conceptualize SUD as a chronic condition amenable to treatment in different healthcare settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"127-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142305690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Recovery Capital Among Patients Receiving Buprenorphine Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder in a Telehealth Setting.","authors":"Christopher Rowe, Arthur Robin Williams, Adam Bisaga","doi":"10.1177/29767342241283174","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342241283174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medications for the treatment of opioid use disorder (MOUD) such as buprenorphine are the most effective treatment available for OUD; yet, beyond drug testing results and retention in care, systematically measured clinical outcomes have proven elusive. There is growing interest in integrating systematic monitoring of patient-reported outcomes and measurement-based care as strategies to improve patients' success in treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed changes in recovery capital assessed via the Brief Assessment of Recovery Capital (BARC-10) from baseline to 30-120 days post-intake among patients initiating buprenorphine treatment from May to October 2023 at Ophelia, a telehealth MOUD provider, who were retained for ≥90 days. Differences in baseline characteristics were assessed between patients with and without high \"remission-predictive\" baseline scores (≥47) using chi-squared and <i>t</i>-tests. Changes in scores from baseline to follow-up were assessed using paired <i>t</i>-tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all, 791 patients initiated treatment during the study period, 742 (93.8%) of whom had a baseline BARC-10 score, 542 (73.0%) of whom were retained in treatment for ≥90 days, and 477 of whom (88.0%) had a follow-up BARC-10 score and represent the analysis sample. Older patients, those not requiring buprenorphine induction, and those not using heroin or fentanyl at intake were more likely to have remission-predictive baseline BARC-10 scores (<i>P</i> < .05). Patients with remission-predictive baseline scores (n = 257) had a mean increase of 1.4 (SD = 5.9) from 52.7 (SD = 4.1) (<i>P</i> < .001), and 234 (91%) sustained remission-predictive scores throughout the assessment period. Patients without remission-predictive baseline scores (n = 220) had a mean increase of 9.2 (SD = 8.2) from 38.4 (SD = 6.6) (<i>P</i> < .001), and 129 (59.0%) achieved a remission-predictive score at follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most patients had increased or sustained already high levels of recovery capital, an established predictor of sustained remission. Further research is required to better understand variability across patients and how it may relate to long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"112-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142336008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol and Cannabis by Sexual Identity, Race, Ethnicity, and Gender: A Nationwide Analysis Using the 2016 to 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health.","authors":"Raymond L Moody, Sarah Gutkind, Priscila D Gonçalves, Morgan Philbin, Dustin T Duncan, Silvia S Martins","doi":"10.1177/29767342241273419","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342241273419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sexual minority populations experience higher rates of substance use and related problems, but little is known about their specific involvement in driving under the influence (DUI) of alcohol (DUIA) and cannabis (DUIC) incidents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the 2016 to 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, we used logistic regression models to estimate the interactive effects of sexual identity, race/ethnicity, and gender on past-year DUIA among adults who used alcohol and DUIC among adults who used cannabis, accounting for covariates. Using model estimates and linear combinations, we calculated the predicted probabilities of each outcome and compared sexual identity differences within and across race/ethnicity and gender.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With few exceptions, the predicted probabilities of DUIA and DUIC were significantly higher among sexual minority women than heterosexual women of similar race/ethnicity. The results were more variable among men with the probabilities of DUIA and DUIC being significantly higher for some groups of sexual minority men and some groups having probabilities equal to or lower than similar heterosexual men. Some of the largest sexual minority gaps in DUIA and DUIC were observed among Hispanic and Other lesbian women and Black gay men.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sexual minority individuals are more likely to report DUI than their heterosexual counterparts; however, the risk of DUI among sexual minority populations varies by racial/ethnic and gender subgroup. Our findings indicate the importance of applying an intersectional framework when addressing substance-use-related disparities and when designing effective DUI prevention interventions for sexual minority populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"34-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142305688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in Alcohol Treatment Use at the Intersection of Race, Ethnicity, Gender, and Insurance.","authors":"Andrea Acevedo, Rachel Sayko Adams, Benjamin Lê Cook, Sage R Feltus, Lee Panas, Maureen T Stewart","doi":"10.1177/29767342241278871","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342241278871","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD) has the potential to improve health and quality of life. Little is known about disparities in AUD treatment utilization at the intersection of race and gender. We examined disparities in AUD treatment utilization among those diagnosed with AUD in a community sample, by race, ethnicity, and gender, and whether disparities varied by insurance. We also examined whether criminal legal history and socioeconomic status moderated disparities in treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the nationally representative 2017 to 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, the most recent 3-year period available. The analytic sample included noninstitutionalized adults aged 18 to 64 who met criteria for past year AUD and identified as White, Black, or Latinx (<i>n</i> = 7782). We examined disparities in AUD treatment utilization by race, ethnicity, and gender subgroup and by insurance status, estimating weighted logistic regressions, and adjusting for indicators of clinical need in concordance with the Institute of Medicine definition of healthcare disparity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only 5.4% of adults with AUD in the United States utilized AUD treatment in the past year. AUD treatment utilization did not significantly differ between White males and other racial, ethnic, and gender groups; however, we did identify disparities among Medicaid enrollees and those who were uninsured. Among Medicaid enrollees, Latinx females (3.2%) had lower treatment utilization than White males (9.3%, <i>P</i> < .05). Among uninsured individuals, Latinx males (1.8%) had lower treatment utilization than White males (6.2%, <i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AUD treatment utilization was extremely low among adults in the United States aged 18 to 64 who met criteria for AUD. Ethnic and gender disparities in treatment utilization were revealed when examining differences in AUD treatment utilization by insurance status. Strategies for improving access to AUD treatment that address structural barriers to care are needed and should consider targeted approaches for Medicaid enrollees and those uninsured.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"78-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11972884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142336009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Clinician Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Relating to Nonpharmaceutical Fentanyl and Harm Reduction.","authors":"Elena Whitney, George Weyer, Molly Perri, Sarah Dickson, Angela Kerins, Andrea Justine Landi, P Quincy Moore, John P Murray, Geoff Pucci, Mim Ari","doi":"10.1177/29767342241266421","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342241266421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nonpharmaceutical fentanyl (NPF) is driving the national epidemic of opioid overdose deaths. Clinicians can play a role in fostering awareness of this growing risk and delivering interventions to reduce mortality. However, there is limited research assessing clinician knowledge, attitudes, and practices relating to NPF and harm reduction strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 34-question survey was designed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to NPF and harm reduction strategies of adult and pediatric hospital-based and emergency clinicians at a single academic medical center. Results were summarized using descriptive statistics. Chi square and Fishers exact tests were used to compare groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 136 survey responses. The majority (88%) of respondents correctly answered a question on NPF potency. Most respondents were aware that NPF exposure was very (84%) or somewhat likely (10%) for someone using illicit opioids and very (44%) or somewhat likely (46%) for nonopioid drugs. Respondents viewed overdose prevention as highly important for patients using illicit opioids (93%) and nonopioid drugs (86%) but few (21%) were very/extremely familiar with overdose prevention strategies and just over half (57%) were comfortable/very comfortable counseling about overdose prevention. There was wide variability in utilization of harm reduction/treatment strategies (7.3% frequently providing fentanyl test kits to 70% frequently prescribing naloxone). Higher levels of comfort and familiarity with overdose prevention were associated with more frequent counseling on harm reduction strategies. Pediatric-only clinicians had less familiarity (5% very/extremely familiar) and comfort (35% comfortable/very comfortable) with overdose prevention, and limited use of harm reduction strategies (0%-31% using each strategy frequently).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While clinicians had knowledge and awareness of NPF and rated overdose prevention as highly important, utilization of harm reduction and treatment strategies was variable. This study highlights opportunities for education and system-based support to improve clinician-driven harm reduction practices for patients at risk of overdose.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"120-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Support of the Decriminalization of Personal Drug and Paraphernalia Use and Possession: Position Statement of AMERSA, Inc (Association for Multidisciplinary Education, Research, Substance Use and Addiction).","authors":"Katherine Hill, Katherine Dunham, Kristin Doneski, Kimberly L Sue, Kinna Thakarar, Jenna L Butner","doi":"10.1177/29767342241277619","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342241277619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>More than 25% of all arrests made nationwide are related to drug offenses, affecting almost 1.2 million people and their social networks. Furthermore, roughly 20% of people in jails and prisons across the United States are incarcerated for a drug offense and millions more are under community supervision for these charges. This criminalization of drug use has negatively affected the health and well-being of people who use drugs (PWUD) and their communities. Decriminalization-a process of removing criminal sanctions for a previously criminalized behavior-of drug use is central to harm reduction as it mitigates these negative consequences of drug use and supports the health of PWUD. As such, AMERSA supports the decriminalization of drug and paraphernalia possession for personal use for all currently illicit drugs and all associated equipment. AMERSA continues to strongly advocate for the funding of harm reduction strategies and addiction services to improve the health and well-being of PWUD since decriminalization without complementary funding for harm reduction services, addiction treatment services, and social safety nets will be incomplete.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"4-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142116769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Staff and Providers' Perceptions of Patients' PrEP Candidacy, Acceptability, and Adherence in Methadone Clinic Settings.","authors":"Jessica Jaiswal, Benjamin Grin, Kelly Gagnon, Tejossy John, Suzan Walters, Marybec Griffin, Emma Kay","doi":"10.1177/29767342241288981","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342241288981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People who use drugs and patients in substance use treatment may be placed at high risk for HIV due to mixing sex and drugs, potential engagement in sex work, and injection drug use. However, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adoption among these populations remains low. Methadone clinics, a main point of contact with the healthcare system for this population, are a missed opportunity to offer biomedical HIV prevention. Understanding provider and staff perceptions of patients' PrEP-related candidacy, acceptability, and adherence is a critical first step to informing PrEP implementation in substance use treatment settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty semistructured interviews were conducted at 2 methadone clinics in Northern New Jersey between January and April 2019. Participants included methadone counselors, medical providers, front desk staff, intake coordinators, and other clinic staff members.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three major themes were identified: (1) provider and staff's perceptions of who would benefit most from PrEP, (2) perceptions of patients' acceptability of PrEP, and (3) perceptions of patients' ability to take a pill every day. Broadly, staff perceived younger patients to be better PrEP candidates than older patients, expressed cautious optimism that PrEP would be acceptable to their patient populations, and were mixed in terms of their perceptions of patients' ability to adhere to PrEP. Notably, staff largely did not mention patients who inject drugs as potential PrEP candidates, suggesting a missed opportunity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To promote PrEP implementation in methadone clinics, staff and providers should receive training around screening for PrEP eligibility in order to maximize the benefits of PrEP for various subpopulations, especially those who inject. Importantly, discussions around sexual behavior and injection drug use must be approached in an open, non-stigmatizing manner. These findings can be used to inform future interventions to integrate PrEP services into substance use treatment settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"29767342241288981"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Impact of Eliminating the X Waiver on Buprenorphine Dispensation in 63 Counties in Pennsylvania.","authors":"Rebecca C Bilden, Mark S Roberts, Bradley D Stein, Daniel B Jones","doi":"10.1177/29767342241303583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/29767342241303583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Opioid overdose rates continue to rise in the United States while access to treatment options remains limited. The X waiver, which allowed clinicians to prescribe buprenorphine, a medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD), in an outpatient setting, was eliminated in December 2022 with hopes of increasing buprenorphine access. We used a quasi-experimental approach to evaluate how eliminating the X waiver affected buprenorphine prescribing in Pennsylvania.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Drawing on Pennsylvania Prescription Drug Monitoring Program data from July 1, 2016, to December 31, 2023, we used a difference-in-differences (DD) approach to assess changes in buprenorphine prescribing between Pennsylvania counties with the proportion of X-waivered providers per county population above the median versus counties with the proportion below the median, before and after the elimination of the X waiver. We also tested whether areas most affected by the opioid epidemic with the highest rates of opioid overdose were more impacted by the X-waiver elimination, using opioid overdose death rates from a pretreatment baseline period (2016-2018) for each county.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-one counties were categorized as above the median and 32 as below the median. We did not observe a significant difference in the effects of eliminating the X waiver on buprenorphine dispensation (DD estimate: -0.6%, 95% CI: -7.5%-6.2%) between above versus below-the-median counties in Pennsylvania. We also did not find a significant effect of the X-waiver elimination on buprenorphine dispensation in counties most affected by the opioid epidemic (difference-in-difference-in-differences estimate 1.6%, 95% CI: -10.2%-13.4%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found no evidence that eliminating the X waiver had a significant impact on buprenorphine dispensing in Pennsylvania in counties with fewer waivered prescribers or higher fatal overdose rates. Additional efforts to increase buprenorphine use will likely need to address systemic barriers and stigma limiting MOUD access.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"29767342241303583"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex and Gender Differences in Weight-Related Biopsychosocial Factors Among Adults Receiving Buprenorphine for Opioid Use Disorder.","authors":"Anna Beth Parlier-Ahmad, Taylor A Ochalek, Melanie K Bean, Susan E Wolver, Salvatore Carbone, Leila Z Islam, F Gerard Moeller, Caitlin E Martin","doi":"10.1177/29767342241303220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/29767342241303220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) is the most efficacious treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). MOUD uptake and continuation may be impacted by health concerns, including weight gain, and social factors, such as food insecurity, that vary between men and women. This study aimed to describe sex and gender differences in body mass index (BMI) and weight-related demographic, psychosocial, and clinical characteristics among adults receiving buprenorphine for OUD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This secondary analysis used data from a cross-sectional survey and prospective medical record review study among adults (n = 77 female, n = 66 male) engaged in outpatient treatment receiving buprenorphine for OUD. Survey items assessed weight-related demographic and psychosocial variables. Clinical factors were collected via chart abstraction. Comparisons between male and female participants were made using χ², Mann Whitney <i>U</i>, and <i>t</i>-tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most participants were non-Latinx, Black (69.9%), with a mean age of 43.3 ± 12.3 years. Among females, 2.6% had a BMI <18.5 kg/m², 32.5% had a BMI from 18.5 kg/m² to <25 kg/m², 35.1% had a BMI from 25 kg/m² to <30, and 29.9% had a BMI of 30 kg/m² or higher. Among males, 1.5% had a BMI <18.5 kg/m², 43.9% had a BMI from 18.5 kg/m² to <25 kg/m², 36.4% had a BMI from 25 kg/m² to <30, and 18.2% had a BMI of 30 kg/m² or higher. Females had a higher median BMI than males (27.4 kg/m² [IQR: 23.3-32.1] vs 25.5 kg/m² [IQR: 22.2-29.4], <i>P</i> = .041). Females were more likely than males to be unemployed, receive nutrition-based public assistance, and be prescribed psychotropic medication.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Females had a greater BMI than males and experienced more weight-related social and clinical vulnerabilities. Understanding weight-related sex and gender differences in this population is important for informing multidisciplinary treatment approaches that promote MOUD uptake and continuation and center overall health in people with OUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"29767342241303220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}