Substance use & addiction journal最新文献

{"title":"Reason to Expand the Contingency Management Workforce: Coaching-to-Criterion Results for Addiction Professionals and Peer Specialists.","authors":"Bryan Hartzler, Linda Peng, Alexis Cooke, Lynn Kunkel, Erin Stack, Judith Leahy, Ryan Cook, Christi Hildebran, Kim Hoffman, Jennifer Verbeck, Mandi Nugent, Gillian Leichtling, Kelsey Smith Payne, John W McIlveen, Phillip Todd Korthuis","doi":"10.1177/29767342251363007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/29767342251363007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Given well-established efficacy of contingency management (CM), demand grows for effective implementation support. Coaching-to-criterion is a strategy for assuring workforce capability to deliver CM programming with fidelity. To what extent this preparative strategy is comparably useful for addiction professionals and peer specialists is unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two ongoing endeavors-state opioid response-funded implementation support for 7 sites implementing CM programming and an National Institute of Health-funded hybrid type 1 effectiveness/implementation trial testing peer-delivered CM at 9 sites-share a coaching-to-criterion process as common methodology. For workforce members, participation in serial group coaching sessions eventuated in completion of an observed standardized patient encounter with Likert-rating of 6 CM Competence Scale domains (1 = very poor, 7 = excellent). A coach provides immediate, performance-based feedback, and if an a priori benchmark (\"adequate\" ratings of 4) is not initially reached, a skill-specific replay opportunity is undertaken. Non-inferiority analysis tested scale score equivalence of addiction professionals (n = 51) and peer specialists (n = 64), relative to a 0.25 standard deviation (SD) margin. Comparative resourcing of coaching efforts, scale psychometrics, and patterns of CM skillfulness were also examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As intended, all workforce members (N = 115) met the criterion, and the mean scale score (<i>M</i> = 29.74, SD = 3.67) exceeded the benchmark by +1.56 SDs. Independent-samples <i>t</i>-test confirmed absence of between-group difference, with effect magnitude (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.13) well within the non-inferiority margin. Similar resourcing of coaching efforts was evident, with a majority (61%-66%) of addiction professionals and peer specialists achieving the criterion on initial attempt. Psychometric analyses confirmed robust item-scale correlations (<i>r</i> = 0.58-0.66), and no consistent pattern was found in domain-specific skills.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As demand grows for CM implementation, so too will the diversity of workforce needed to capably deliver it. This report documents that a coaching-to-criterion process sufficiently prepared both addiction professionals and peer specialists to deliver CM and that resulting skill among these groups did not appreciably differ nor did the required coaching efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"29767342251363007"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145002404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient and Provider Perspectives on the Elimination of Urine Drug Testing in Office-Based Addiction Treatment.","authors":"Jacqueline Theisen, Zoe M Weinstein, Melissa Davoust, Alicia S Ventura, Kara M Magane, Anna Cheng, Samantha Blakemore, Juliana Blodgett, Sarah Fielman, Richard Saitz, Angela R Bazzi","doi":"10.1177/29767342251360850","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342251360850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Within office-based addiction treatment (OBAT) for opioid use disorder, routine urine drug testing (UDT) has been a near-universal practice, despite concerns about increased stigma and limited evidence on improved patient outcomes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, routine UDT was suspended in many settings as care transformed to telehealth, providing an opportunity to explore viewpoints about routine UDT and the implications of its absence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We explored patient and provider perspectives through qualitative interviews conducted from May 2021 to May 2022 within an urban, low-threshold OBAT program. Semi-structured interview guides and thematic analysis explored opinions on traditional routine UDT and experiences with its discontinuation during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on perspectives of 25 patients and 16 providers, we identified three themes regarding routine UDT and its decreased use during the COVID-19 pandemic: (1) the general utility of UDT within traditional models of care, (2) burdens that routine UDT could present to care engagement, and (3) impacts of UDT on trust within patient-provider relationships.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings support the need for reconsideration of routine UDT in OBAT, as well as the needs for improved care standards. Selective use of UDT can be implemented in a patient-centered manner, including offering it upon patient request (eg, for personal \"accountability\") and discontinuing it when appropriate and to reduce barriers to care. In place of routine UDT, our findings also highlight the need for alternative, non-stigmatizing clinical tools that can support patients and providers within OBAT care settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"29767342251360850"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12498346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144985274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building a Network for Community-Engaged Research Related to Substance Use Disorder Care Transitions: A Commentary With Protocol.","authors":"Michael A Incze, Julia E Szymczak, Evan Done, Laura Stolebarger, Natasha England, Elizabeth Marshall, Shilpa Raju, Marcie Gray, Marnie Saunders, Claire E Ciarkowski, James C Willey, Alycia A Bristol, Ulises Amaton, Valerie M Vaughn","doi":"10.1177/29767342251358099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/29767342251358099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medical hospitalizations are common among people with substance use disorders (SUD) and represent important opportunities for engagement, treatment initiation, and linkage to follow-up care. However, hospitalizations are also destabilizing events marked by an elevated risk of death and readmission in the period immediately following hospital discharge. There is currently no consensus on the best way to support patients with SUD as they transition from the hospital to follow-up care in the community after discharge. Care transitions span multiple care settings and are influenced by a wide array of medical, psychosocial, and environmental factors. Given their complexity, it is crucial to engage a diverse array of partners to collaboratively set research priorities, define outcomes, and design interventions to improve care in this area. Key partners include people with lived substance use experience, hospital-based clinicians, social workers, addiction specialists, peer navigators, primary care clinicians, and more. A community-engaged research framework is essential to promote equitable contribution from this diverse group of collaborators. In this article, we share our protocol for a community engagement project called COmmunity Network to Navigate and Enhance Care Transitions and describe how we integrated core principles of community-engaged research into its design.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"29767342251358099"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144824510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological Effects of 12 Weeks of Moderate-to-Vigorous Exercise on Men With Methamphetamine Use Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Zhiming Tang, Zhicheng Zhu, Xiaopeng Ma, Yue Lin, Jisheng Xu, Qingshan Zhou, Bo Hu, Xue Li, Ying He","doi":"10.1177/29767342251352608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/29767342251352608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluated the psychological impact of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic exercise (MVE) on male methamphetamine (MA) use disorders (MUD) rehabilitation inpatients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Hundred male MUD rehabilitation inpatients were randomized into 2 groups; the experimental group received the MVE intervention, and the control group received a low-to-moderate-intensity exercise intervention for 1 hour, 5 times a week for 3 months. Psychological assessment was performed using Symptom Checklist 90, and MA craving was assessed using the Virtual Reality Addiction Assessment System developed by Tsing Research Technology (http://www.qingtech.com.cn/AntiDrug/VrDrug). Two-factor repeated measures ANOVA was utilized to compare treatment differences between the 2 groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were better outcomes in the MVE group than in controls, mainly in terms of lower scores for compulsive symptoms (<i>P</i> < .05, η² = .046), depression (<i>P</i> < .01, η² = .061), and MA cravings (<i>P</i> < .05, η² = .054). However, group × time interaction effects had no significant impact on somatization, interpersonal relationships, anxiety, hostility, paranoia, phobia, and psychoticism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MVE helps reduce depression, compulsive symptoms, and MA cravings scores in adult men MUD rehabilitation inpatients. However, randomized double-blind trials are needed to validate this result further.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ChiCTR2400080819.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"29767342251352608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144824511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undergraduate Medical Education Addressing Stigmatizing Language Surrounding Mental Health and Addiction: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Rakesha L Butler, Elizabeth P Darga, Sadie A Ellenson, Thomas J Johnson, M Ariel Cascio, Juliette Perzhinsky","doi":"10.1177/29767342251351751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/29767342251351751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stigma continues to be a barrier to accessing quality care for many patients with mental health conditions and/or substance use disorder (SUD), commonly referred to as addiction. This paper aims to evaluate the impact that undergraduate medical education (UME) has in reducing stigmatizing language use and potentially mitigating this barrier to care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines identified 2017 articles across 7 databases. Search terms related to stigma surrounding mental health, addiction, and suicide were incorporated into medical education. Blinded, double-reviewed papers meeting the inclusion criteria were further evaluated at full length to obtain information including sample size, variables, and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three studies met the review's selection criteria: 1 pretest/posttest case series, 1 survey evaluating language stigma, and 1 qualitative essay review to discover common themes in medical students' experience with patients with SUD. Statistically significant results included changes in characteristic association, attitudes based on language, and the effects of an educational intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results reinforce the importance of language and educational exposure in addressing stigma toward patients with mental health diagnoses. Although the results of all studies indicated some level of stigma associated with patients with a mental health diagnosis, there was limited consensus surrounding methods to reduce it in UME. Additional research on the implementation of medical school-focused mental health awareness programs is needed, preferably using rigorous randomized controlled trial study designs, longitudinal follow-up, and critical appraisal of texts to better understand effective interventions on persistent mental health stigma among medical students.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"29767342251351751"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144824512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pass the Keys: Using Behavioral Economics to Explore Driving After Cannabis Use.","authors":"Brandon P Miller, Elizabeth R Aston, Tory R Spindle, Michael Amlung","doi":"10.1177/29767342251360851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/29767342251360851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Controlled studies show cannabis impairs driving performance and may increase crash risk. Recent approaches in behavioral economics have used marijuana purchase tasks (MPTs) to understand driving after cannabis use (DACU). One factor that may influence DACU is the latency between smoking and having to drive.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A crowdsourced sample of adults who smoke cannabis at least monthly (n = 167; 77% White; 45% women; mean age = 38.55) completed 4 MPTs in the context of different instructional vignettes with different smoked cannabis use and driving latencies (non-driving; 20 minutes, 1 hour, and 6 hours). Participants reported frequency and perceived dangerousness of DACU. Demand indices included intensity (consumption when free), breakpoint (last price with any consumption), <i>O</i>_max (maximum expenditure), and <i>P</i>_max (price at <i>O</i>_max).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed main effects of latency on all demand indices (ps <0.001), attributed to lower demand in each of the DACU conditions relative to the non-driving condition (ps <0.015; ds = 0.09-1.52). Demand increased in a linear fashion as latency increased. Participants with a history of DACU showed a blunted reduction in demand (except breakpoint) at each latency compared to participants with no DACU history (ps <0.043; η_p² = 0.008-0.043). Perceived dangerousness was inversely correlated with demand (except breakpoint; <i>r</i>s -0.29 to -0.62, ps <0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cannabis demand is sensitive to specific parameters surrounding driving contingencies, and risk perceptions may contribute to these associations. Future research is needed to extend these findings and identify other factors impacting DACU, such as different routes of administration or road conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"29767342251360851"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144819039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Potential of GLP-1 Analogs in the Treatment of Addictions: A Literature Review.","authors":"Isabel Noemi Torres, Maria Jimena Barroso Alverde","doi":"10.1177/29767342251351111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/29767342251351111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogs were initially developed to treat obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, but recently they have shown potential for treating substance use disorders (SUDs) and other addictive behaviors. Their mechanism of action, which involves modifying reward pathways in the brain, has shown potential in lowering addictive behaviors, including those associated with substance use and eating-related challenges.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature review of preclinical and early clinical studies was conducted, focusing on the effects of GLP-1 analogs on addiction. The search included databases such as PubMed and Cochrane, using keywords like \"GLP-1 analogs,\" \"addiction,\" and \"substance use disorders.\"</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GLP-1 analogs have demonstrated to decrease substance use, including alcohol and nicotine, on rodents and non-human primates by modifying neurotransmitter activity. These medications also provide neuroprotective effects by reducing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation caused by chronic substance use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GLP-1 analogs represent a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of SUDs. While long-term adverse effects are not yet fully understood, they show potential in addressing the limited success rates of existing alcohol use disorder pharmacotherapies and the overall lack of effective treatment options for SUDs. While early clinical trials provide promising insights, further research is needed before GLP-1 analogs can be confidently incorporated into addiction treatment regimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"29767342251351111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144791256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Correlation Between Out-On-Pass Privileges and Post-Discharge Urine Drug Test Outcomes in an Addiction Rehabilitation Center in Qatar.","authors":"Faycal Walid Ikhlef, Nirvana Swamy Chandrappa, Mugtaba Osman, Majid Al-Abdulla, Suhair Yousuf, Ahmad Alater, Wesam Smidi","doi":"10.1177/29767342251357089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/29767342251357089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronic and recurrent condition posing a significant health burden. The integration of out-on-pass (OOP) or day leave privileges during inpatient rehabilitation has been theorized to support recovery by enhancing social reintegration and preparing patients for discharge. However, evidence on the impact of inpatient OOP on post-discharge relapse rates is scant. This study investigates the effect of OOP during inpatient treatment and relapse outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort design was used to analyze data from 72 patients discharged from the Umm Salal Treatment and Rehabilitation Center in 2023, focusing on OOP during rehabilitation and urine drug test results during aftercare. Key variables included OOP frequency, comorbid personality disorders, forensic history, and relapse indicators. Statistical evaluation utilized logistic regression, chi-squared tests (Fisher's exact test where appropriate), and survival analysis to identify predictors of relapse, adjusted for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the participants, 28 (38.9%) were granted OOP during inpatient treatment, while 44 (61.1%) were not. Relapse, defined by a positive urine drug screening post-discharge, occurred in 29 patients (40.3%). The median time-to-relapse was 28 days, with a longer duration observed among those granted OOP. Specifically, during the 26-week study period, 25% of patients with OOP relapsed compared to 50% of those without OOP (statistically significant difference; <i>P</i> = .04892). Survival analysis revealed that time-to-relapse was substantially longer for patients who were granted OOP compared to those who were not (<i>P</i> = .034). Furthermore, the granting of OOP during inpatient treatment of SUD was associated with a 73.2% reduction in relapse hazards ratio (<i>P</i> = .00876).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the potential of OOP as a therapeutic strategy and tool to support sustained recovery in patients with SUD. While relapse remains a significant challenge, OOP may contribute to extended abstinence periods and reduced relapse rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"29767342251357089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144777555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid Transition From a Continuous Naloxone Infusion to Sublingual Buprenorphine After an Opioid Overdose: A Case Series.","authors":"Anthony Spadaro, Diane P Calello, Christopher Counts, Trevor Cerbini, Lewis S Nelson, Howard A Greller","doi":"10.1177/29767342251356351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/29767342251356351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With increasing frequency, providers are encountering patients with opioid overdose who recrudesce after intermittent bolus dosing of naloxone. Some patients require a continuous infusion to maintain ventilation, which necessitates admission to a monitored setting. Buprenorphine could shorten the duration of a continuous naloxone infusion (CNI) or preclude the need altogether because its long-lasting partial agonist effects compete with and blunt the respiratory depressant effects of full agonist opioids. This case series describes the replacement by sublingual (SL) buprenorphine of a CNI in patients experiencing prolonged and recurrent respiratory depression from an opioid overdose.</p><p><strong>Case series: </strong>We describe 3 patients presenting to the emergency department at a large urban academic hospital after an opioid overdose. All 3 patients received intranasal naloxone by emergency medical services prior to arrival. These patients received multiple intermittent bolus doses of intravenous naloxone for recurrent respiratory depression. Because of continued recurrence, they were started on CNIs. After consultation with medical toxicology, they each received 16 mg of SL buprenorphine, which allowed the successful discontinuation of the CNI without the need for additional naloxone, as well as initiating the transition to medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) using buprenorphine.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>SL buprenorphine may be an option to facilitate discontinuation of a CNI. This strategy may be useful in select patients to reverse an acute opioid overdose, reduce hospital resource utilization, and initiate patients on MOUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"29767342251356351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144769531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Delivery of a Theory-Guided Prescription Stimulant Misuse and Diversion Curriculum for College Health Providers: Results From Validity, Delphi, and Pre-Post Testing.","authors":"Maysaa Chaalan, Sarah Iglesias, Shelby Samuelson, Liz Barnett, Alison Looby, Niloofar Bavarian","doi":"10.1177/29767342251355128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/29767342251355128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Past studies have shown a large percentage of college health providers (CHPs) feel responsible yet unprepared to address prescription stimulant misuse (PSM) and prescription stimulant diversion (PSD). As such, the authors developed a theory-guided, universal curriculum for CHPs to more confidently address PSM and PSD among their student populations. The purpose of the current study was to refine the curriculum using a multistep approach and assess the impact on providers' PSM and PSD knowledge, attitudes, norms, barriers, and self-efficacy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The initial version of the curriculum was reviewed for content validity by 2 content/curriculum experts. Next, 5 students reviewed a revised version of the curriculum for face validity. The authors further refined the curriculum using the Delphi technique; specifically, a geographically diverse sample of 28 CHPs rated the appropriateness and clarity of each topic within each objective of the curriculum. Next, staff (N = 27) at 1 student health center received the training and completed a pre-post assessment to evaluate impact on knowledge, attitudes, norms, barriers, and self-efficacy. Quantitative (eg, means, medians, paired <i>t</i>-tests) and qualitative feedback were reviewed to guide refinement. These activities were completed between August 2023 and August 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The criteria for content and face validity were met based on the reviews by curriculum experts and students, respectively. The Delphi technique required 2 rounds. All discussion topics had median and mode scores that reflected appropriateness and clarity. Pre-post assessment of the training showed significant improvements in CHPs knowledge, norms, self-efficacy, implementation barriers, and confidence to overcome barriers related to addressing PSM and PSD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A multistep process produced a comprehensive and theory-guided curriculum. Curriculum receipt resulted in improvements in multiple domains. Next steps include using an experimental design to test the impact of an intervention based on this training on student behavior, as well as digitizing and disseminating the training.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"29767342251355128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}