Substance use & addiction journal最新文献

{"title":"Importance of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Prevention and Intervention.","authors":"Tom Donaldson, Elizabeth P Dang, Marilyn Pierce-Bulger, Kathleen T Mitchell, Andy R Kachor, Rosa Arvizu","doi":"10.1177/29767342241300797","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342241300797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The consumption of alcohol and other substances during pregnancy can impair prenatal development. While scientifically informed public health measures have raised awareness of the risks of harmful prenatal substance exposures, the use of alcohol and other substances during pregnancy continues to rise. The successful dissemination of consistent messaging, health care professional education and training, and universal implementation of clinical interventions may help reduce drinking in pregnancy and prevent fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs), a constellation of developmental disabilities and birth defects caused by alcohol use during pregnancy. Alcohol screening and brief intervention (alcohol SBI) is an evidence-based preventive practice that enables early identification of excessive drinking and intervention prior to serious consequences. Routine clinical implementation of alcohol SBI has been shown to effectively reduce excessive alcohol consumption among adults, including pregnant people. Many barriers prevent widespread implementation of the practice: a lack of health care professional knowledge of the prevalence and implications of prenatal alcohol exposure, stigma surrounding individuals who use substances potentially harmful to their pregnancy, resistance to public health messages encouraging alcohol avoidance during pregnancy, and discomfort and hesitancy with alcohol SBI procedures among practitioners. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) leads the public health effort to prevent alcohol use during pregnancy and improve identification of and care for children living with FASDs. CDC partners with health systems, health care professional associations, universities, and community-based networks to promote alcohol SBI as an effective but underused preventive health service. This special section consisting of 6 articles including this introductory commentary represents the efforts of 11 CDC projects and their partners to demonstrate the rationale for FASD prevention and intervention, engage health care disciplines to expand prevention messaging and education for providers, develop practical approaches for implementing alcohol SBI in diverse clinical settings, and prevent alcohol use in pregnancy and FASDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"413-420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"SafetyNet\": Evaluation of a Recovery Coach and Paramedic Intervention Following Naloxone Resuscitation From an Opioid Overdose.","authors":"Daniel Joseph, Carolyn Brokowski, Gail D'Onofrio, Sandy Bogucki, Joanne McGovern, Rebecca Allen, James Dziura, David C Cone, Michael V Pantalon","doi":"10.1177/29767342241266412","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342241266412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Emergency department (ED)-initiated buprenorphine has proven efficacy, but many patients are reluctant to begin this treatment. This study evaluated SafetyNet, a program using a 2-person, recovery coach and paramedic (RCP) intervention postoverdose to reduce subsequent opioid overdose, engage patients in medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), and reduce illicit drug use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective nonrandomized study in individuals who experienced opioid overdoses, received naloxone, but subsequently declined buprenorphine initiation in the ED. Each participant was followed by an RCP team that performed a brief negotiation interview (BNI) to motivate engagement in treatment, peer-recovery coaching to encourage recovery-related activities, and health education around medical concerns by trained paramedics. Participants were followed-up at 30 and 180 days. The primary hypothesized outcome was reduction in overdose events; the secondary hypothesized outcomes were engagement in MOUD and reduction in opioid positive urine tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-one patients were enrolled and received BNIs; 45 (56%; 95% CI: 44-67) had at least 1 follow-up encounter. Twenty participants (25%; 95% CI: 16-36) had at least 1 overdose during follow-up. Fifty-five participants (68%; 95% CI: 57-78) were confirmed to have engaged in some form of medication treatment. Differences in subsequent overdose events (<i>P</i> = .95), engagement in MOUD (<i>P</i> = .49), and rates of opioid-positive urine toxicology rates within 30 days (<i>P</i> = .44) and between 31 and 180 days (<i>P</i> = .46) were not significantly different when comparing those who did and did not follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There were no differences in rates of subsequent overdose, MOUD engagement, or positive urine toxicology screens in our intervention. However, 68% of participants engaged in outpatient MOUD, a treatment associated with fewer overdose events, particularly fatal ones. Substantial limitations occurred due to the COVID pandemic, and sample size estimates were not met. Further research is needed to investigate potential benefits of the SafetyNet program.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"302-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142020097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redesigning a Stopped Clinical Trial as an Emulated Trial Using Real-World Data to Explore the Effectiveness of Slow-Release Oral Morphine as a Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder.","authors":"Rohan Anand, Stephanie Penta, Zishan Cui, Nadia Fairbairn, M Eugenia Socias","doi":"10.1177/29767342241279167","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342241279167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Canada is currently experiencing a problematic opioid crisis with increasing mortality rates. Traditional randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examine the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment options for people with opioid use disorder (OUD) are challenging to conduct. An increasingly popular methodology is through the implementation of emulated clinical trials, a methodology in which key elements of a \"target\" RCT are replicated using previously collected healthcare-based data. They can possibly address some of the common challenges found in the conduct of RCTs, such as prolonged timelines, high cost, and poor participant recruitment. In effect, emulated trials accelerate knowledge generation by producing real-world evidence that can be akin to phase 3 effectiveness trials, without any need to recruit live participants or administer investigational products. During the COVID-19 pandemic, several trials were stopped due to increased pandemic-related research restrictions, leaving important questions about OUD treatment unanswered. In this commentary, we describe the transition of a traditional RCT to an emulated trial spurred by challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. We describe our transition using a notable published framework with regards to the population sample, interventions, outcomes, and proposed analyses. This commentary aims to help other researchers and trialists apply emulated trials in substance use research and beyond, emphasizing the role of this methodology in clinical research and advancing scientific knowledge that could be otherwise lost or unattainable.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"384-390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142485235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in Receipt of Medications for Opioid Use Disorder Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the US Veterans Health Administration.","authors":"Minhee L Sung, Casey León, Joel I Reisman, Kirsha S Gordon, Robert D Kerns, Wenjun Li, Weisong Liu, Avijit Mitra, Hong Yu, William C Becker","doi":"10.1177/29767342241293334","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342241293334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Populations disproportionately impacted by the opioid epidemic are less likely to receive medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD; OUD). The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated these disparities. We performed an ecological survey of subpopulations to compare differences in MOUD receipt among Veterans with OUD before versus during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using 2 cross-sections of 2 time periods of national Veterans Health Administration electronic health record data, we calculated proportions of Veterans with any MOUD receipt by demographics, Elixhauser comorbidity index, and natural language processing (NLP)-derived substance use and social determinants of health in each time period. We evaluated differences in MOUD receipt before and during the pandemic by patient characteristics using Chi-square and Cohen's <i>h</i> for effect size.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 62 195 patients with OUD before the pandemic, the proportion prescribed MOUD increased from 46.5% before to 47.5% (<i>P</i> = .0003) during the pandemic. Statistically significant increased receipt of MOUD was observed for patients who were ≥55 years, men, White, with Elixhauser comorbidity indices of 2 and ≥5, and with NLP-derived indicators of substance use. There was a decrease that did not achieve statistical significance in MOUD receipt from before to during the pandemic for patients who were women, Black, Latinx, and food insecure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proportions of patients with OUD prescribed MOUD increased from before to during the pandemic. However, Veterans who were women, Black, Latinx, and food insecure did not experience these increases. These patients may benefit from interventions such as targeted outreach efforts to improve MOUD engagement to reduce OUD harms.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"369-376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial Impact of Suspected Xylazine-Associated Skin Wounds Among People Using Fentanyl, Philadelphia, 2022 to 2023.","authors":"Patrick J A Kelly, Amy B Jessop, Madison Scialanca, Katie Singley, Caseem C Luck, Ariel Hoadley, Jessica Meisner, Sarah B Bass","doi":"10.1177/29767342241289797","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342241289797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The United States opioid crisis has been worsened by the emergence of fentanyl adulterated or associated with the veterinary sedative xylazine. Designated by the White House as an \"emerging threat to the US\" in 2023, xylazine use is associated with severe skin wounds.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research explored beliefs, concerns, and treatment behaviors for skin wounds among 93 participants recruited outside of a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania harm reduction agency who reported past-6-month history of a skin wound via a cross-sectional survey administered August-September 2022 (group 1; <i>n</i> = 33). Following a December 2022 Philadelphia Department of Public Health Report that indicated xylazine was becoming more prevalent in the Philadelphian drug supply, additional data was collected with new participants from February-March 2023 (group 2; <i>n</i> = 60) using the same survey. Participants were ≥18 years old, reported past-year fentanyl use, and spoke English. Our 17-item tool measured skin wound-related beliefs, concerns, treatment behaviors, and treatment sources. An open-response item explored why participants self-treat skin wounds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants averaged 41 years old (SD = 9), slightly more than half were men (<i>n</i> = 54, 58%), 31% (<i>n</i> = 29) were non-White, and most (<i>n</i> = 66, 71%) were unhoused. Overall, 79% of participants self-treated skin wounds. Participants endorsed worry about limb loss (<i>n</i> = 77; 83%), wound shame (<i>n</i> = 76; 82%), and appearance changes (<i>n</i> = 80; 86%). Sixty participants (65%) reported waiting to see wound severity before seeking care. Forty-one participants (44%) delayed wound care because of withdrawal fears.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>People with probable xylazine-associated skin wounds have psychosocial concerns about and self-treat these wounds. Findings may be a harbinger of skin wound harm in other regions of the United States and internationally where xylazine is increasing.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"347-356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Level Approaches to Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Prevention Education and Training for Health Professionals.","authors":"Faith Ozer Green, Amy K Harlowe, Alexandra Edwards, Daniel P Alford, Hetal Choxi, Jacqueline S German, Diana Ling, Iwona Pawlukiewicz, Reshana Peterson, Kirk von Sternberg, Mary M Velasquez","doi":"10.1177/29767342241273397","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342241273397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcohol-exposed pregnancies, which can lead to fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs), is one of the most common preventable causes of lifelong intellectual and developmental disabilities in the U.S. Healthcare teams can play a critical role in preventing FASDs; however, they are currently unprepared to do so. Training can remediate this problem. This article explores the different approaches to the education and training of healthcare providers around FASD prevention used by six Centers for Disease Control (CDC)-funded programs, and how they have been adapted to (1) the specific needs of the healthcare professionals and/or the clinical setting and (2) the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This article offers an in-depth description and comparison of the models utilized by the programs described, detailing the challenges of each model as well as the adaptations made. Interdisciplinary collaboration and review highlights these models and offers a variety of solutions and lessons learned that can be implemented in similar practice settings and/or educational initiatives.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on organizational structure (i.e., national organization, educational institution, and clinical settings) and program purpose, different methods were employed for FASD education. Some programs were focused on FASD prevention through staff training and alcohol screening and brief intervention/clinical intervention and others were focused on broadscale professional education and awareness. Improvements were made on an ongoing basis as challenges related to COVID-19, staff shortages, and patient and clinician discomfort were identified, resulting in modifications to content and delivery modality (e.g., online forums and use of social media).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FASD prevention education is wrought with a variety of challenges related to stigma, discomfort, and misinformation, which these programs encountered in a variety of ways.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"430-438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142305689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Drug Overdose Mortality and Recovery Ecosystems in the United States: A County-Level Analysis Using a Novel Index.","authors":"Amy E Wahlquist, Stephanie M Mathis, Laura Hunt Trull, Kusse Koirita Toitole, Andrew Howard, Ernest Fletcher, Michael Meit","doi":"10.1177/29767342241262125","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342241262125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Communities with robust recovery ecosystems could reduce negative outcomes associated with substance use disorders (SUDs) and facilitate the recovery process. This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between drug overdose mortality rates in the United States and the strength of county-level recovery ecosystems, as measured by the Recovery Ecosystem Index (REI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The REI assesses the strength of county-level recovery ecosystems in the United States. Comprised of 14 indicators across 3 component classes, overall and component scores ranging from \"one\" (strongest) to \"five\" (weakest) were calculated for each county using standardized values of the indicators. County-level analyses included: (1) correlational analyses between drug overdose mortality rates (n = 2076) and REI scores (overall score and by component); and (2) quadrant analysis (n = 2076), dividing counties based on their drug overdose mortality rates and overall REI scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Drug overdose mortality rates were inversely related to REI overall, SUD treatment component, and continuum of SUD support component scores, indicating that lower (stronger) scores corresponded to higher rates. Conversely, REI infrastructure and social component scores were positively related to rates. Counties were relatively evenly distributed across quadrants, with 26% (n = 537) with a strong REI score and high overdose mortality rate, 24% (n = 489) with a strong REI score and low overdose mortality rate, 20% (n = 409) with a weak REI and high overdose mortality rate, and 31% (n = 641) with a weak REI and low overdose mortality rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>REI scores were generally inversely associated with drug overdose mortality rates in US counties, suggesting that communities have stronger recovery systems and services as the burden of SUD increases. Given relative variation in the scale of drug overdose mortality and strength of recovery ecosystems among counties, results could guide the identification of communities where the need for expanded recovery systems and services may be particularly critical.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"238-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141750168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Hospital-Based Intervention to Improve Access to Buprenorphine for Patients with Opioid Use Disorder.","authors":"Matthew Fine, Leeza Hirt Wilner, Cameron K Ormiston, Linda Wang, Trevor G Lee, Michael Herscher","doi":"10.1177/29767342241292416","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342241292416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Opioid use disorder (OUD) is often under-addressed in hospitalized patients. In the absence of formal addiction consult services, volunteer physician-led models can increase access to inpatient OUD treatment. This paper describes a novel, volunteer physician-led interprofessional approach to identifying patients with OUD, initiating buprenorphine, and linking to office-based opioid treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The intervention took place from April 2018 to August 2020 at a large, urban, tertiary care center and teaching hospital in New York, NY that does not have an addiction consult service. Hospitalized patients with OUD were identified by provider-driven referrals or an automated daily patient list generated by a bioinformatics search algorithm. Eligible patients with OUD were started on buprenorphine during their hospitalization and linked to primary care-based buprenorphine treatment. Patients were followed longitudinally via chart review to assess follow-up clinic rates at >30 days, >60 days, >90 days, >6 months, >12 months, and >24 months after discharge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a 2-year period, 178 patients were evaluated, 88 were eligible for inpatient buprenorphine, and 47 were started on buprenorphine while hospitalized. Sixty-seven patients were referred to a post-discharge visit at a primary care practice, 29 (43%) of whom attended an appointment at least 30 days after discharge. Of these, 22 (76%) returned at >60 days and 20 (69%) at 6 months. At the 1-year time point, 16 of a possible 17 patients (94%) and 15 of a possible 16 patients (94%) were still engaged in care at 2 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This intervention represents a proof of principle, adaptable model for identifying patients with OUD and engaging patients in primary care-based buprenorphine treatment. Limitations to consider include the sustainability of a volunteer-based initiative and that retention rates for 1 to 2 years post-discharge may be more indicative of the strengths of office-based opioid treatment itself as opposed to in-hospital engagement and the intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"377-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142650109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a Web-Based Curriculum on Internal Medicine Resident Use of Stigmatizing Language for Substance Use Disorder.","authors":"Diana Samberg, Sara Spinella, Scott Rothenberger, Jeanette M Tetrault, Julie Childers","doi":"10.1177/29767342241298057","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342241298057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Addiction is a chronic, treatable disorder, yet it carries considerable stigma. Stigmatizing language biases how clinicians view patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) and negatively affects patient care. While national medical organizations have recommended educational initiatives to reduce the stigma associated with SUDs, studies of initiatives are lacking. We aimed to improve documentation of SUDs and reduce measured stigma by teaching standardized, non-stigmatizing language.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We created an online, 25-minute interactive curriculum about vocabulary for addiction and why language matters. Before and 8 weeks after completing the curriculum, internal medicine residents viewed a video encounter between a physician and a \"challenging\" simulated patient with opioid use disorder, then completed a case write-up and a SUD stigma survey. We analyzed the frequency of usage of stigmatizing terms and quantified participants' stigma levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the fall of 2020, UPMC Internal Medicine residents completed the curriculum. In all, 98 participants (out of ~150) completed the pre-curriculum assessment, and 39 completed the entire course. In pre-curriculum write-ups, stigmatizing terminology was used 4 times more often than clinical terminology (30 terms per 100 write-ups versus 7.6, <i>P</i> = .032). Clinical terminology was used 134% more often post-curriculum than pre-curriculum (24 terms per 100 write-ups vs 7.6), but this result was not significant. There was no difference between measured stigma levels pre- and post-curriculum. In total, 34/45 (75.6%) participants who completed the post-curriculum survey said that they learned new information, and 32/45 (71.1%) would recommend it to others.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There were trends toward improvement in language, including decreased use of stigmatizing terminology and increased usage of clinical terminology, though not statistically significant. The curriculum was well-received, but the study was limited in participation by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the simple design of the curriculum-a short, web-based module-allows for easy delivery to workers across the healthcare sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"313-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Answering a Call to Action: Reducing Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Using a Healthcare Champion Model.","authors":"Courtney Townsel, Vincent C Smith, Hemalatha Senthilkumar, Lily R Bastian, Miranks Sanks, Diana Ling, Joshua Benke, Alexandra Edwards, Nancy Roget, Kimberly Prokosch, Mary M Velasquez, Kimi Yonamine, Kirk von Sternberg, Tonya McFadden, Antoinette Abou Haidar, Karen E Harris","doi":"10.1177/29767342241271361","DOIUrl":"10.1177/29767342241271361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prenatal alcohol exposure and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) remain critical public health issues. Alcohol use in pregnancy is a leading preventable cause of birth defects, developmental disabilities, and learning disabilities. Alcohol screening and brief intervention (SBI) is effective at reducing excessive alcohol use. However, this clinical preventive service remains critically underutilized in primary care. In 2014, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention called for the creation of FASD Champion programs to promote clinician education about FASDs. Six professional health organizations and groups providing reproductive and child health services set out to create FASD Champion programs. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists FASDs Prevention Program was created to focus on reducing alcohol-exposed pregnancies. The American Academy of Pediatrics' Champion program maintains the goal of improving health outcomes for children with FASDs by improving pediatricians' diagnostic capacity. The American Academy of Family Physicians has prioritized training family physician champions to improve the delivery of alcohol SBI among adult patients. The University of Alaska Anchorage has partnered with the National Association of Nurse Practitioners in Women's Health, the American College of Nurse-Midwives, and the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric, and Neonatal Nurses to assure advanced practice registered nurses and midwives have the knowledge and skills to prevent alcohol-exposed pregnancies and FASDs. The American Association of Medical Assistants has prioritized expanding the knowledge and skills of medical assistants related to promoting alcohol-free pregnancies. Finally, the Champions program at the University of Texas at Austin was established to train health social workers in alcohol SBI. Through the advocacy, education, and mission of these 6 health sectors in collaboration with national organizations and educational institutions, the evidence-based approach of alcohol SBI is being disseminated throughout the United States to reduce the harmful effects of prenatal alcohol exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":516535,"journal":{"name":"Substance use & addiction journal","volume":" ","pages":"421-429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142038685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}