Journal of Contemporary History最新文献_第4页

Science, Medicine and the Creation of a 'Healthy' Soviet Cinema. 科学、医学和“健康”苏联电影的创造。

IF 0.7 2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-03-27 DOI: 10.1177/0022009418820111

Anna Toropova

{"title":"Science, Medicine and the Creation of a 'Healthy' Soviet Cinema.","authors":"Anna Toropova","doi":"10.1177/0022009418820111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0022009418820111","url":null,"abstract":"Cinema had long been hailed by Bolshevik party leaders as a crucial ally of the Soviet mass enlightenment project. By the mid-1920s, however, Soviet psychologists, educators and practitioners of 'child science' (pedology) were pointing to the grave effects that the consumption of commercial cinema was exerting on the physical, mental and moral health of Soviet young people. Diagnosing an epidemic of 'film mania', specialists battled to curtail the NEP-era practices of film production and demonstration that had rendered cinema 'toxic' to children. Campaigns to 'healthify' Soviet cinema, first manifesting in the organization of child-friendly screenings and forms of 'cultural enlightenment work', soon extended to attempts to develop a new children's film repertoire based on the results of psycho-physiological viewer studies. A vast variety of pedological research institutions established during the late 1920s and early 1930s began to experimentally test cinema's effects on children with the view of assisting the production of films that could cultivate a sound mind and body. Tracing a link between the findings of pedological viewer studies and the 'healthy' cinema championed in the 1930s, this article sheds light on the vital role played by medical and scientific expertise in shaping Stalinist culture.","PeriodicalId":51640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary History","volume":"55 1","pages":"3-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0022009418820111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37681332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Cultures of Victory and the Political Consequences of Foundational Legitimacy in Croatia and Kosovo. 胜利的文化和基本合法性在克罗地亚和科索沃的政治后果。

IF 0.7 2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/0022009419838045

Mieczysław P Boduszyński, Vjeran Pavlaković

{"title":"Cultures of Victory and the Political Consequences of Foundational Legitimacy in Croatia and Kosovo.","authors":"Mieczysław P Boduszyński, Vjeran Pavlaković","doi":"10.1177/0022009419838045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0022009419838045","url":null,"abstract":"What are the consequences of a culture of victory in countries undergoing new state formation and democratic transition? In this article, we examine 'foundational legitimacy,' or a hegemonic narrative about the way in which a new state was created, and the role particular groups played in its creation. We argue that the way in which victory is institutionalized can pose a grave threat to the democratic project. If reconciliation and democratization depend of integrating losers into the new order and recognizing plural narratives of state formation, then exclusivist narratives based on foundational legitimacy pose a direct challenge to both. We focus on two Yugoslav successor states, Kosovo and Croatia. For both cases, we trace how appeals to 'foundational legitimacy' by groups that claim a leading role in the struggle for independence fostered a politics of exclusion, which ran counter to both the spirit of democracy. In Croatia, foundational legitimacy was partly challenged after 2000 by reformist political forces, though more recently it has re-appeared in political life. In Kosovo, foundational legitimacy was never successfully challenged and continues to shape political dynamics to the present day.","PeriodicalId":51640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary History","volume":"54 4","pages":"799-824"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0022009419838045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39202965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Maternalism, race, class and citizenship: aspects of illegitimate motherhood in Nazi Germany. 母性主义、种族、阶级和公民身份:纳粹德国非法母性的各个方面。

IF 0.7 2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/0022009411413409

Vandana Joshi

引用次数: 5

Parents and children in Second World War Germany: an inter-generational perspective on wartime separation. 第二次世界大战德国的父母和孩子:战时分离的代际视角。

IF 0.7 2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/0022009410392410

Hester Vaizey

引用次数: 2

Cementing the enemy category: arrest and imprisonment of German Jews in Nazi concentration camps, 1933-8/9. 巩固敌人类别:纳粹集中营逮捕和监禁德国犹太人，1933年8月9日。

IF 0.7 2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/0022009410366556

Kim Wünschmann

引用次数: 4

The role of the concentration camps in the Nazi repression of prostitutes, 1933-9. 集中营在纳粹镇压妓女中的作用，1933-9年。

IF 0.7 2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/0022009410366705

Victoria Harris

引用次数: 3

Suicide in Nazi concentration camps, 1933-9. 纳粹集中营里的自杀事件，1933-9年。

IF 0.7 2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/0022009410366558

Christian Goeschel

引用次数: 7

Cultural behaviour and the invention of traditions: music and musical practices in the early concentration camps, 1933-6/7. 文化行为和传统的发明:早期集中营的音乐和音乐实践，1933年6月7日。

IF 0.7 2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/0022009410366704

Guido Fackler

引用次数: 7

"A prey on normal people": C. Killick Millard and the euthanasia movement in Great Britain, 1930-55. “对正常人的掠夺”:C.基利克·米勒德和英国的安乐死运动，1930-55。

IF 0.7 2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/002200940103600103

I Dowbiggin

{"title":"\"A prey on normal people\": C. Killick Millard and the euthanasia movement in Great Britain, 1930-55.","authors":"I Dowbiggin","doi":"10.1177/002200940103600103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002200940103600103","url":null,"abstract":"Few issues in medicine and society today are more controversial than euthanasia, the term derived from the Greek word for ‘easy death’ and often called ‘mercy-killing’. Current debates raise questions about the past and what euthanasia has meant to earlier generations. The most infamous example of a state euthanasia programme occurred between 1939 and 1945 in nazi Germany when thousands of handicapped men, women and children were murdered. But little is known about the history of Anglo-American euthanasia. This article, based on an examination of documents from a variety of archival collections in England and the USA, explores the early history of the unsuccessful movement to legalize euthanasia in Great Britain, as embodied in the Voluntary Euthanasia Legislation Society (VELS). By focusing on the career of C. Killick Millard (1870–1952), the founder of the VELS, this article argues that although the VELS tried to convince the public that it sought the legalization of only mercy-killing with consent, there was a tendency within the VELS to obscure the distinctions between voluntary and involuntary euthanasia. There is even some evidence of VELS sympathy for nazi euthanasia. At the same time, VELS members also tended to be involved in the eugenics, birth control and public health movements or belong to liberal religious groups like the Unitarians, or they were physicians radicalized by the experience of watching patients die in protracted agony. It is this complex constellation of motives — some murky and some indisputably humane — that warrants attention nowadays, at a time when courts and legislatures are being asked to rule on such literally life and death issues.","PeriodicalId":51640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary History","volume":"36 1","pages":"59-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/002200940103600103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27116671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Starting from your own past? the serious business of leisure history. 从你自己的过去开始?休闲历史的严肃事务。

IF 0.7 2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/002200940103600307

J Lowerson

{"title":"Starting from your own past? the serious business of leisure history.","authors":"J Lowerson","doi":"10.1177/002200940103600307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/002200940103600307","url":null,"abstract":"Cindy S. Aron, Working at Play: A History of Vacations in the United States, New York, Oxford University Press, 1999; 324 pp.; ISBN 0-19-505584-5 Lena Lencek and Gideon Bosker, The Beach: The History of Paradise on Earth, London, Pimlico, 1999; 310 pp.; ISBN 0-7126-6596-X Thomas A.P. van Leeuwen, The Springboard in the Pond: An Intimate History of the Swimming Pool, Cambridge, MA, MIT Press, 1999; 321 pp.; ISBN 0262-22059-8 Terry Staples, All Pals Together: The Story of Children’s Cinema, Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press, 1997; 254 pp.; ISBN 0-7486-0718-8 David Seed, American Science Fiction and the Cold War: Literature and Film, Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press, 1999; 216 pp.; ISBN 1-85331-227-4 Mike Huggins, Flat Racing and British Society, 1790-1914: A Social and Economic History, London, Frank Cass, 2000; 270 pp., ISBN 0-7146-4982-1 Lucy Rollin, Twentieth-Century Teen Cultures by the Decades: A Reference Guide, Westport, CT, Greenwood Press, 1999; 396 pp., ISBN 0-313-30223-5 John Burnett, Liquid Pleasures: A Social History of Drinks in Modern Britain, London, Routledge, 1999; 254 pp.; ISBN 0-415-13182-0 Steven M. Gelber, Hobbies: Leisure and the Culture of Work in Modern America, New York, Columbia University Press, 1999; 374 pp.; ISBN 0-23111393-5","PeriodicalId":51640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary History","volume":"36 3","pages":"517-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/002200940103600307","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26820491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4