Journal of Contemporary History最新文献_第4页

How NATO Influenced International Governance in Hazardous Waste 北约如何影响危险废物的国际治理

2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1177/00220094231209191

Iris Borowy

{"title":"How NATO Influenced International Governance in Hazardous Waste","authors":"Iris Borowy","doi":"10.1177/00220094231209191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094231209191","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing production and wealth in industrialized countries led to an increase in waste production, part of which was clearly harmful to human and non-human health. Out of several intergovernmental organizations that addressed related questions, the NATO Commission on Challenges of Modern Society (CCMS) was the first to organize a specific project dedicated to the topic. Between 1973 and 1981, delegates from nine NATO countries studies aspects ranging from the organization and recommended procedures of waste management to landfills, transportation, various ways of disposal and chromium recycling. Thereby, the CCMS got to set the agenda for problematic wastes, effectively establishing ‘hazardous waste’ as a recognized category. It also framed the challenge as one of ‘disposal,’ discouraging systemic socio-economic reviews. Overall, this framing drew attention to the potential dangers of some forms of waste to human health and to the environment and the need for special protective measures, while normalizing and potentially diverting attention away from other forms of waste. At the same time, CCMS activities provided an important push towards international guidelines and regulations of hazardous waste management and trade.","PeriodicalId":51640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135929265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Remembering Lived Past: History and Memory in Post-Stalin Azerbaijan 铭记过去:斯大林后阿塞拜疆的历史与记忆

2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1177/00220094231209239

Shalala Mammadova

引用次数: 0

Practising Dialectical Materialism: The Balkan House and Architecture in Socialist Yugoslavia 辩证唯物主义的实践:社会主义南斯拉夫的巴尔干式住宅与建筑

2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2023-10-29 DOI: 10.1177/00220094231209223

Aleksandar Ignjatović, Danica Milan Stojiljković

{"title":"Practising Dialectical Materialism: The Balkan House and Architecture in Socialist Yugoslavia","authors":"Aleksandar Ignjatović, Danica Milan Stojiljković","doi":"10.1177/00220094231209223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094231209223","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines relationships between architecture and ideology in socialist Yugoslavia by exploring the cultural interpretation and appropriation of the Balkan house in achieving modern, specifically Yugoslav architectural expression. Through the contextualization of the period's different narratives on the Ottoman vernacular and various architectural designs related to it, the aim is to demonstrate how Yugoslav architects relied on Marxism to appropriate vernacular architecture into the modernist discourses. Dialectical materialism was used as a key for the interpretation of the opposition between what was seen as the negative and positive elements of the Balkan house, which challenged banal polarization between the traditional and modern and led to a more nuanced understanding of backwardness and progress in vernacular architecture. The idea of architectural metamorphoses of vernacular to modern forms was justified by evolution and revolution, the basic concepts of the Marxist understanding of processes in society and culture. The Yugoslav interest in the Balkan house represented a living, perceivable example of how the relationships between tradition and modernity, the past and the present, as well as men and their environment, became incorporated into new architecture of ‘socialism with a humane face’, which stood at the heart of Yugoslav social and political experiment.","PeriodicalId":51640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136136350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Yugoslavia and the Restitution of Monetary Gold After the Second World War 南斯拉夫与第二次世界大战后货币黄金的归还

2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.1177/00220094231209186

Tomasz Korban

{"title":"Yugoslavia and the Restitution of Monetary Gold After the Second World War","authors":"Tomasz Korban","doi":"10.1177/00220094231209186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094231209186","url":null,"abstract":"During the Second World War, the Axis states looted a great deal of gold in various forms, both from individuals and countries. Following that war, the western allies established the Tripartite Gold Commission (TGC) to organize the restitution of monetary gold that had belonged to central banks in occupied Europe. One of the claimant countries was Yugoslavia. Drawing upon hitherto unused TGC records, the article examines the looting of Yugoslav monetary gold and its restitution via the TGC, which is a little-known episode in postwar history. Of the four Yugoslav claims submitted to the TGC in 1947, the majority were recognized as valid, yet the final adjudication was not published until 1958. The reasons for this protracted process of restitution and for the rejection of some of the Yugoslav claims are set out and note is made of the issue's recrudescence in the 1990s, when the TGC sought to distribute the final Yugoslav share. The break-up of Yugoslavia made this concluding allocation of gold a demanding task, and it did not end until 2004. By comparing it with other claimant countries, the article demonstrates that in some ways Yugoslavia was in a better position than the states behind the Iron Curtain.","PeriodicalId":51640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135322835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Book Review: Socialism Goes Global: The Soviet Union and Eastern Europe in the Age of Decolonization by James Mark, Paul Betts, Alena Alamgir, Péter Apor, Eric Burton, Bogdan C. Iacob, Steffi Marung and Radina Vučetić 书评:《社会主义走向全球:非殖民化时代的苏联和东欧》，作者:詹姆斯·马克、保罗·贝茨、阿莱娜·阿拉姆吉尔、帕姆斯特·阿波尔、埃里克·伯顿、博格丹·c·雅各布、斯特菲·马隆和拉迪娜·乌<e:1>蒂季奇

2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/00220094231184092c

George Roberts

{"title":"Book Review: <i>Socialism Goes Global: The Soviet Union and Eastern Europe in the Age of Decolonization</i> by James Mark, Paul Betts, Alena Alamgir, Péter Apor, Eric Burton, Bogdan C. Iacob, Steffi Marung and Radina Vučetić","authors":"George Roberts","doi":"10.1177/00220094231184092c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094231184092c","url":null,"abstract":"instinctively suspicious of legal restrictions on trade unions, citing both their right to free association and the hostility of the bourgeois judiciary. Comrades in Conflict also ably draws out the personal element of the disagreement, the antipathy that trade union leaders and trade union MPs had towards the ‘academic, middle-class’ proponents of In Place of Strife – such as Wilson and Castle – straying onto their turf, in addition to the misogynistic treatment of Castle herself. The fundamental disagreement at the heart of the conflict over In Place of Strife, however, regards the nature of industrial conflict. For Castle and Wilson, unconstitutional and unofficial strikes reflected disorder, a disorder generated first and foremost by irresponsible trade unions. For Jones, Scanlon, et al., these strikes were primarily the product of reckless and intransigent employers. Some engagement with how workers on the shop floor understood these issues and reacted to this legislation would have enabled Comrades in Conflict to weigh in more directly on which of those positions most closely approximated reality. This remains, however, a valuable volume that deepens our understanding of policy formation and power under the post-war settlement.","PeriodicalId":51640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135568493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Book Review: Collapse. The Fall of the Soviet Union by Vladislav M. Zubok 书评:崩溃。弗拉季斯拉夫·m·祖博克的《苏联的衰亡》

2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/00220094231184092d

Stephan Merl

引用次数: 0

Book Review: Comrades in Conflict: Labour, The Trade Unions and 1969’s In Place of Strife by Peter Dorey 书评:彼得·多雷的《冲突中的同志:劳工、工会和1969年的《代替冲突》

2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/00220094231184092b

Jack Saunders

引用次数: 0

‘Doomed to Fail’: Dutch and West German Consulates Warning Against Mixed Marriages, 1950s–70s “注定失败”:荷兰和西德领事馆警告反对异族通婚，20世纪50年代至70年代

2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/00220094231200459

Betty de Hart, Julia Woesthoff

引用次数: 0

Book Review: Kindred Spirits: Friendship and Resistance at the Edges of Modern Catholicism by Brenna Moore 书评:《志气相投:现代天主教边缘的友谊与抵抗》，作者布伦娜·摩尔

2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/00220094231184092

Walter Schultz

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Book Review: Survivors: Warsaw Under Nazi Occupation by Jadwiga Biskupska 书评:《幸存者:纳粹占领下的华沙》，作者雅德维加·比斯库普斯卡

2区历史学

Journal of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/00220094231184092a

Tomasz Frydel

引用次数: 0