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Do people trust humans more than ChatGPT? 相比 ChatGPT，人们更信任人类吗？
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2024.102239
Joy Buchanan , William Hickman
{"title":"Do people trust humans more than ChatGPT?","authors":"Joy Buchanan ,&nbsp;William Hickman","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2024.102239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2024.102239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We explore whether people trust the accuracy of statements produced by large language models (LLMs) versus those written by humans. While LLMs have showcased impressive capabilities in generating text, concerns have been raised regarding the potential for misinformation, bias, or false responses. In this experiment, participants rate the accuracy of statements under different information conditions. Participants who are not explicitly informed of authorship tend to trust statements they believe are human-written more than those attributed to ChatGPT. However, when informed about authorship, participants show equal skepticism towards both human and AI writers. Informed participants are, overall, more likely to choose costly fact-checking. These outcomes suggest that trust in AI-generated content is context-dependent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 102239"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141298271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding the mental health-based poverty trap: Dynamics in psychological distress and financial precariousness, and the role of self-efficacy 了解基于心理健康的贫困陷阱：心理困扰和经济不稳定的动态变化以及自我效能的作用
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2024.102219
Ingebjørg Kristoffersen , Dan Hoang , Ian W. Li
{"title":"Understanding the mental health-based poverty trap: Dynamics in psychological distress and financial precariousness, and the role of self-efficacy","authors":"Ingebjørg Kristoffersen ,&nbsp;Dan Hoang ,&nbsp;Ian W. Li","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2024.102219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2024.102219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A growing body of evidence suggests poor mental health is associated with sub-optimal economic preferences and behaviours. However, much of this evidence is correlational, and this paper aims to address a call for more research on dynamics. We use rich panel data to evaluate within-individual dynamics in financial management and mental health. We observe increased (decreased) difficulty in managing financial affairs following periods of increased (reduced) psychological distress. Importantly, these dynamics occur in the absence of observable changes to objective financial circumstances (i.e. income and wealth shocks), and are robust with respect to a range of alternative approaches to measurement. Further, we show that most of the association between change in psychological distress and change in financial precariousness (concurrently and subsequently) can be attributed to change in self-efficacy. This supports the idea that investment in mental health will yield important additional benefits via the capacity to empower individuals to make better decisions and escape mental health-based poverty-traps.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214804324000570/pdfft?md5=8ec67e9debd625acaa3741b04798634f&pid=1-s2.0-S2214804324000570-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141191798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Deterrence strength in TV fee enforcement: Field evidence from the Czech Republic 电视收费执行中的威慑力量：捷克共和国的实地证据
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2024.102245
Kateřina Chadimová
{"title":"Deterrence strength in TV fee enforcement: Field evidence from the Czech Republic","authors":"Kateřina Chadimová","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2024.102245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2024.102245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nudges have been shown to influence behavior across various domains, including tax payments. Although nudges that exploit the deterrence motivation are generally considered most effective, evidence of their effectiveness in terms of the degree of deterrent information included is limited. To address these gaps, we conducted a natural mailing experiment to measure compliance with TV fee payments among a sample of households that failed to respond to an initial communication. In addition to studying the strength of deterrence, our study investigates the impact of treatment timing and content simplification on the compliance rate. The results reveal substantial effects of the strongest deterrent information, resulting in a 25 % increase in the payment registration rate. Treatments with a lower deterrence level did not show improvement from the baseline. We also demonstrate that timing matters, as reminders sent closer to the original response deadline (i.e., earlier) motivate 18 % more households to register for payment. The combined effect of the strongest deterrence and simplification leads to a 59 % increase in registrations. This implies that people are more likely to exhibit compliant behavior when the potential consequences of noncompliance are made more salient, and information is conveyed in a timely and simplified manner.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 102245"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141480078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advice and behavior in a dictator game: An experimental study 独裁者游戏中的建议与行为：实验研究
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2024.102243
Simin He, Xintong Pan
{"title":"Advice and behavior in a dictator game: An experimental study","authors":"Simin He,&nbsp;Xintong Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2024.102243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2024.102243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We experimentally examine the effects of advice on decision making in a dictator game in which participants receive no advice, selfish advice, or fair advice before making decisions and the advisors do not benefit from the decision makers’ actions. We find that participants receiving fair advice are more inclined to exhibit fair behavior, whereas those receiving selfish advice are more likely to act selfishly; however, no significant difference in magnitude between the effects of fair and selfish advice is found. We also discover that both types of advice have a more pronounced impact on participants with relatively lower social tendencies, as indicated by the social value orientation test. This study is the first to directly demonstrate the impact of fair and selfish advice in moral dilemmas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141241724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Algorithmic trading, what if it is just an illusion? Evidence from experimental asset markets 算法交易，如果只是一种假象呢？来自实验资产市场的证据
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2024.102240
Sandrine Jacob-Leal , Nobuyuki Hanaki
{"title":"Algorithmic trading, what if it is just an illusion? Evidence from experimental asset markets","authors":"Sandrine Jacob-Leal ,&nbsp;Nobuyuki Hanaki","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2024.102240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2024.102240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We experimentally investigate whether and how the potential presence of algorithmic trading (AT) in human-only asset markets can influence humans’ price forecasts, trading activities and price dynamics. Two trading strategies commonly employed by high-frequency traders, spoofing (SP) - associated with market manipulation - and market making (MM) - seen as liquidity provision - are considered. These experiments reveal that, first, the mere expectation of SP traders can, at first, impair price convergence towards fundamentals. Second, the expected presence of AT, especially MM traders, induce larger initial price forecasts deviations from fundamentals. Third, despite the absence of AT in our experiments, the information about the presence of AT, employing MM strategy, is sufficient to alter subjects trading behavior over time and the impact of past realized prices on subjects’ order prices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 102240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141304018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Is ambiguity aversion a preference? Ambiguity aversion without asymmetric information 模糊厌恶是一种偏好吗？没有不对称信息的模糊厌恶
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2024.102218
Daniel L. Chen
{"title":"Is ambiguity aversion a preference? Ambiguity aversion without asymmetric information","authors":"Daniel L. Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2024.102218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2024.102218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ambiguity aversion is the interpretation of the experimental finding (the Ellsberg paradox) that most subjects prefer betting on events whose probabilities are known (objective) to betting on events whose probabilities are unknown (subjective). However in typical experiments these unknown probabilities are known by others. Thus the typical Ellsberg experiment is a situation of asymmetric information. People may try to avoid situations where they are the less informed party, which is normatively appropriate. We find that eliminating asymmetric information in the Ellsberg experiment while leaving ambiguity in place, makes subjects prefer the ambiguous bet over the objective one, reversing the prior results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141144728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Are ambiguity preferences aligned with risk preferences? 模糊性偏好与风险偏好是否一致？
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2024.102237
Kene Boun My , Marielle Brunette , Stéphane Couture , Sarah Van Driessche
{"title":"Are ambiguity preferences aligned with risk preferences?","authors":"Kene Boun My ,&nbsp;Marielle Brunette ,&nbsp;Stéphane Couture ,&nbsp;Sarah Van Driessche","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2024.102237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2024.102237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Decisions under risk and ambiguity are frequently encountered in our daily lives, and the associated preferences are often quantified. This article deals with the relationship between individuals’ preferences towards risk and ambiguity. In particular, we question the correlation of the preferences and their alignment. For that purpose, we analyze experimental data that measures individuals’ risk and ambiguity preferences through a lottery choice experiment. The results indicate that most of the subjects are risk-loving and ambiguity-averse. We also show that risk preferences and ambiguity preferences are negatively correlated. Finally, we prove that the majority of subjects have preferences towards ambiguity that are aligned with those towards risk, either perfectly or weakly. Thirty-four percent of the sample has preferences towards ambiguity that are the opposite of those towards risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141097665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Does waste management policy crowd out social and moral motives for recycling? 废物管理政策是否会挤掉回收利用的社会和道德动机？
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2024.102233
Ida Ferrara , Paul Missios
{"title":"Does waste management policy crowd out social and moral motives for recycling?","authors":"Ida Ferrara ,&nbsp;Paul Missios","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2024.102233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2024.102233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Social and moral motivations can influence households’ decisions regarding pro-environmental behavior, such as recycling. In a theoretical framework that allows for these motivations, we analyze how policies such as unit pricing and mandatory recycling affect whether and, in the presence of heterogeneous households, the extent to which a society recycles. We show that unit pricing enhances the effect of intrinsic motivation while mandatory recycling can erode it (depending on the marginal utility of self-image and the recycling cost-to-benefit ratio). We empirically investigate the relationship between policy and intrinsic motivation, using different cutoffs for recyclers and non-recyclers, and find support for our theoretical predictions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 102233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141480084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intergenerational transmission of financial biases 金融偏见的代际传递
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2024.102234
Gizem Turna Cebeci
{"title":"Intergenerational transmission of financial biases","authors":"Gizem Turna Cebeci","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2024.102234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2024.102234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this study is to test the intergenerational transmission of frequently observed financial biases. We elicited financial biases of first-year university students and their parents. Results indicate the intergenerational transmission of illusion of control, loss-aversion, and overconfidence from parents to children as well as transmission of affinity bias only from parents to daughters. Financial knowledge and saving habits of students have a strong influence on the transmission of financial biases. In addition, we found a moderate effect of economic preferences in the transmission process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102234"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141095859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Simplify and Deter: Nudging waste collection fee debtors 简化和威慑：引导废物收集费欠款人
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2024.102225
Matúš Sloboda, Patrik Pavlovský , Emília Sičáková-Beblavá
{"title":"Simplify and Deter: Nudging waste collection fee debtors","authors":"Matúš Sloboda,&nbsp;Patrik Pavlovský ,&nbsp;Emília Sičáková-Beblavá","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2024.102225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2024.102225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A field quasi-experiment was conducted in cooperation with the local public administration on the waste collection agenda, testing two versions of a standard notice were tested against a control notice targeted at debtors. Both simplified versions, which included a deterrence message, were more effective than the control notice in promoting compliance. However, the version that emphasized the negative consequences of nonpayment, specifically the risk of high interest rates, was more effective in increasing tax compliance than the version that included a descriptive social norm to soften the communication toward fee debtors. The study suggests that adding a social norm to a simplified notice with deterrence does not further increase tax compliance. In addition, the notice had a greater positive effect on fee debtors who had missed only one payment than on those who had missed multiple payments of waste collection fee.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102225"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141053665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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