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Extreme temperatures: Gender differences in well-being 极端温度：幸福感的性别差异
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2025-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102405
Ignacio Belloc , José Ignacio Gimenez-Nadal , José Alberto Molina
{"title":"Extreme temperatures: Gender differences in well-being","authors":"Ignacio Belloc ,&nbsp;José Ignacio Gimenez-Nadal ,&nbsp;José Alberto Molina","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines how daily temperatures are related to individual well-being, using data from the American Time Use Survey. Results, derived from a flexible specification for daily temperatures that accounts for non-linear relationships between temperature and well-being and incorporates historical regional heterogeneity across counties, reveal gender-specific patterns at the upper tail of the temperature distribution. Men exhibit greater vulnerability to extreme hot days, experiencing fatigue and decreased meaningfulness on these days. These associations are particularly pronounced during market work episodes, suggesting a potential adverse relationship between extreme hot temperatures and productivity. The findings highlight the need for climate adaptation strategies that address these gender-specific vulnerabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 102405"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
"Beat the market!" or "Take care of your savings": Can language in bank advertisements influence women's attitudes towards finance? An experimental comparison of different - inclusive - languages to counter the gender gap in finance “战胜市场！”或“照顾好你的储蓄”：银行广告中的语言会影响女性对金融的态度吗？不同包容性语言对抗金融性别差距的实验比较
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2025-06-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102399
Valeria Amata Giannella , Claudia Manzi , Eleonora Crapolicchio , Henriette Prast
{"title":"\"Beat the market!\" or \"Take care of your savings\": Can language in bank advertisements influence women's attitudes towards finance? An experimental comparison of different - inclusive - languages to counter the gender gap in finance","authors":"Valeria Amata Giannella ,&nbsp;Claudia Manzi ,&nbsp;Eleonora Crapolicchio ,&nbsp;Henriette Prast","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Women tend to invest less than men and are less likely to accumulate wealth over time. Research suggests that financial discourse in the media predominantly targets men (Prast et al., 2018), potentially contributing to gender disparities in investment behaviour. We present two experimental studies conducted in Italy to examine whether modifying financial discourses can enhance women’s engagement with investments. Study 1 (<em>N</em> = 401 workers) tested the impact of different types of metaphors (stereotypically masculine vs stereotypically feminine vs neutral) used in financial advertising, on attitudes and intentional behaviours. Study 2 (<em>N</em> = 206 workers) explored the effects of a mixed-inclusive language, using both masculine and feminine metaphors simultaneously. Results indicate that mixed-inclusive communication improves both attitudes and behavioural intentions in women and men.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 102399"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Probabilistic ambiguity, outcome ambiguity or both: Does it matter for the decision-maker? 概率模糊性、结果模糊性或两者兼而有之：这对决策者有影响吗？
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102390
Marielle Brunette , Stéphane Couture , Kene Boun My
{"title":"Probabilistic ambiguity, outcome ambiguity or both: Does it matter for the decision-maker?","authors":"Marielle Brunette ,&nbsp;Stéphane Couture ,&nbsp;Kene Boun My","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decisions under ambiguity are an integral part of the daily life of economic decision-makers. However, if ambiguity bears on the probability, on the outcome, or on both, making a decision then becomes non-trivial and the source of ambiguity can have a major impact on the decision. In this paper, we study how decision-makers react to these different sources of ambiguity. For that purpose, we implemented a lab experiment with 209 students. We found that decision-makers prefer risk over different sources of ambiguity. They also prefer outcome ambiguity to probabilistic ambiguity and double ambiguity. Interestingly, when ambiguity exists in both the outcome and probability, subjects prefer double ambiguity to probabilistic ambiguity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 102390"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Distributive preferences and effort provision: A two-way link? 分配偏好和努力提供：一个双向联系？
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102385
Jaromír Kovářík , Ibai Martínez-Macías , Luis Miller
{"title":"Distributive preferences and effort provision: A two-way link?","authors":"Jaromír Kovářík ,&nbsp;Ibai Martínez-Macías ,&nbsp;Luis Miller","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the relationship between effort and distributive preferences in a setting where effort does not affect the total amount available for distribution. While prior research has shown a link from effort to distributive preferences, we provide empirical evidence of the reverse relationship: individuals who make egalitarian choices exert less effort one year later compared to those who act selfishly. To test this, we use a unique dataset from participants who participated in a real-effort experiment with distributional choices on two distinct occasions, one year apart. Our findings offer an explanation for the self-serving interpretations of fairness observed in the literature and underscore the role of distributive preferences as a key determinant of effort and productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 102385"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Can reference-dependent loss aversion explain choice behaviour? 参照依赖的损失厌恶能解释选择行为吗？
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102389
Inmaculada R. Puerta , José Luis Pinto
{"title":"Can reference-dependent loss aversion explain choice behaviour?","authors":"Inmaculada R. Puerta ,&nbsp;José Luis Pinto","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the extent to which reference-dependent loss aversion, on its own, can explain choice behaviour under risk. To this end, a model of preferences over monetary lotteries and a rule of endogenous reference points are developed. The model is characterised by a new property of reference-dependent loss aversion. It is reduced to the expected value when the reference point is invariant across choices and satisfies first-order stochastic dominance. Our findings highlight the crucial role of loss aversion in explaining risk attitudes. In particular, the results show that the change in the reference point could be responsible for the observed well-known choice patterns, such as the common consequence effect and the common ratio effect, as well as for their reverse effects. The model predicts this behaviour by making use of only one function that weights losses with a value that increases with the reference point. Neither a probability weighting function nor a specific functional form for the utility of outcomes is required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 102389"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Economic and physical risk-taking in 7- to 9-year-olds: The link with a novelty-driven exploratory strategy 7至9岁儿童的经济和身体冒险：与新奇驱动的探索策略的联系
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102397
Anthony Roig , Régis Thouvarecq , James Rivière
{"title":"Economic and physical risk-taking in 7- to 9-year-olds: The link with a novelty-driven exploratory strategy","authors":"Anthony Roig ,&nbsp;Régis Thouvarecq ,&nbsp;James Rivière","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The generalization of risk-taking behavior across different domains and the forces that drive it are current topics of debate. This study investigated economic and physical risk-taking in young children. A total of sixty 7- to 9-year-olds were presented with two computerized risk-taking tasks that tapped different domains, namely economic losses in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) and physical injury in the Simulated Traffic Task (STT). Our results revealed that the children who displayed the highest risk propensity in the gambling task were more likely to cause a (hypothetical) accident in the simulated street-crossing task. Our findings also showed that the use of novel, unexpected vehicles in the simulated street-crossing task increased physical risk-taking in children. We suggest that an exploratory search strategy functions as a proximate mechanism that increases both economic risk proneness and physical risk-taking in children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 102397"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Using a brief contact to improve trust in the police by the youth 通过短暂的接触来提高年轻人对警察的信任
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102376
Gwen-Jirō Clochard
{"title":"Using a brief contact to improve trust in the police by the youth","authors":"Gwen-Jirō Clochard","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trust in the police has many positive effects, so it is important to explore solutions to improve police-community relations, especially in areas where such relations are deteriorated. In this paper, I use a lab-in-the-field experiment in two high schools in France to investigate the effect of a brief and controlled discussion - <em>contact</em> - between police officers and students on trust. The results indicate a positive effect of contact on trust at the individual level, i.e. toward the specific police officer met. However, the effect does not translate into an increase in trust in the police in general. A Bayesian model of belief formation can shed light on why a single contact may not be sufficient in the case of prior — negative — interactions. This paper can have implications for the most widely used policy to improve perceptions of the police, namely community policing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 102376"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144203363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Daughters, Savings and Household Finances 女儿，储蓄和家庭财务
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102395
Xin Wen , Zhiming Cheng , Massimiliano Tani
{"title":"Daughters, Savings and Household Finances","authors":"Xin Wen ,&nbsp;Zhiming Cheng ,&nbsp;Massimiliano Tani","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We explore the link between child gender and household financial decisions within a cultural environment that strongly favours having a son. Using data from the China Household Finance Survey (CHFS), we find that the presence of a daughter is associated with a lower saving rate, consistent with the hypothesis that the relative under-supply of unmarried women generates a less competitive marriage market for families with daughters vs. those with sons. As a result, such families have lower incentives to endow their daughters with bigger asset pools to enhance their marital prospects. The correlation becomes more pronounced as the daughter approaches marriageable age, and it is more common among families where the head has low financial literacy and limited education and lives in rural areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 102395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unveiling the effects of hidden luck and merit on redistribution in groups 揭示隐藏的运气和优点对群体再分配的影响
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102392
Juliane V. Wiese , Nattavudh Powdthavee , Jonathan X.W. Yeo , Yohanes E. Riyanto
{"title":"Unveiling the effects of hidden luck and merit on redistribution in groups","authors":"Juliane V. Wiese ,&nbsp;Nattavudh Powdthavee ,&nbsp;Jonathan X.W. Yeo ,&nbsp;Yohanes E. Riyanto","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Success in life often arises from a combination of effort and being in the right place at the right time, making it difficult to disentangle the roles of merit and luck. This study explores whether revealing the unobserved performance of non-winners in unreceived opportunities influences the redistributive behavior of winners. We designed a game in which both winners and non-winners contribute to a task, but only the winners benefit from its success. A distinct feature of our design is that winning primarily depends on both initial and subsequent luck in securing opportunities, meaning winners can contribute minimally yet still achieve success. Our findings indicate that winners generally feel a strong sense of justified deservingness. The more winners contribute relative to non-winners during the production phase, the less they redistribute. However, when winners learn about non-winners’ potential performance in unreceived opportunities, redistribution significantly increases—even though this potential performance is irrelevant to the joint task. This suggests that acknowledging the potential contributions of non-winners leads to a shift in winners' perceptions of fairness. The effect remains consistent regardless of whether the task is based on luck or merit. These findings highlight the importance of considering both luck and merit in understanding redistributive behavior and suggest that recognising unobserved effort can mitigate the tendency to attribute success exclusively to one’s own contributions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 102392"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
More than just grades: The role of physical attractiveness in college admission processes 不仅仅是成绩：外表吸引力在大学录取过程中的作用
IF 1.6 3区 经济学
Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2025.102391
Yunyun Wang , Ting Chen , Xunyong Xiang
{"title":"More than just grades: The role of physical attractiveness in college admission processes","authors":"Yunyun Wang ,&nbsp;Ting Chen ,&nbsp;Xunyong Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socec.2025.102391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite extensive research on appearance discrimination in labor markets, little attention has been given to its role in higher education admissions. This paper investigates the impact of students' physical attractiveness on college admission outcomes, using unique data from an international high school in China. Employing an ordered logit model and AI-based attractiveness scoring, we find that more attractive students tend to be admitted to higher-ranked colleges. This effect is particularly pronounced in business-related majors, private institutions, and among male students. Furthermore, face-to-face interviews mitigate the bias induced by physical attractiveness, leading to more balanced admission decisions. These findings suggest that the “beauty premium” extends beyond labor markets into education, with important implications for fairness in university admissions. Our research contributes to the growing body of literature on appearance-based discrimination and highlights the need for more transparent and inclusive admissions practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 102391"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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