Journal of Frailty & Aging最新文献

{"title":"Does a Poor Preoperative Nutritional Status Impact outcomes of Heart Valve Surgery?","authors":"N Pavone, F Cammertoni, P Bruno, G Cutrone, G A Chiariello, M Calabrese, M Grandinetti, M Nesta, E Marzetti, R Calvani, R Gambardella, A D Conserva, E Romagnoli, F Burzotta, M Massetti","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2024.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2024.54","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malnutrition has been variously associated with poor postoperative outcomes. Of note, 10-25 % of cardiac surgery patients are reported to be malnourished.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the impact of nutritional status (evaluated with the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index - GNRI) on outcomes of older patients undergoing heart valve surgery.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective, single-center.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Cardiac Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \"A. Gemelli\" IRCCS, Rome, Italy.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>448 patients older than 75 years who had undergone isolated, elective heart valve surgery. Patients were divided into low (GNRI≥92; 346 patients) and moderate-to-high (GNRI<92; 102 patients) risk groups of nutrition-related complications.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Demographic, clinical, and biological variables were retrieved from the institutional Heart Valve Database. GNRI was calculated as follows: [1.489 × serum albumin (g/dL)] + [41.7 × actual body weight (kg) / ideal body weight (kg)]. Operative and postoperative outcomes were compared between GNRI groups. Survival at 3 years follow-up was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Cox regression was used to identify variables associated with survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mortality at 30 days did not differ between groups (0.98% vs 0.58% for GNRI < 92 and GNRI ≥ 92, respectively; p=0.54). Those with a GNRI < 92 required more frequently dialysis (2.9% vs 0.3%, p=0.04), inotropes (33.3% vs 22.8%, p=0.04), red blood cells transfusions (63.7% vs 19.9%, p<0.01), and longer mechanical ventilation support (12 ± 2 vs 6 ± 1.5 hours, p=0.03). Intensive care unit (4.7 ± 0.9 vs 1.6 ± 0.8 days, p=0.05) and total postoperative hospital (11.1 ± 1.9 vs 5.2 ± 1.5 days, p=0.05) stays were significantly longer in the GNRI < 92 group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A poor nutritional status may increase morbidity and prolong hospitalization after cardiac surgery. GNRI might improve risk assessment and should be integrated into traditional surgical risk models to offer tailored care to older patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":"13 4","pages":"501-506"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrinsic Capacity Impairments (ICOPE Step 1 and Step 2), Cardiometabolic Risk and Immune Resilience: An Exploratory Analysis from the Gan-Dau Healthy Longevity Plan.","authors":"Z-J Chen, W-H Lu, L-C Meng, W-F Chao, H-H Tung, F-Y Hsiao, L-K Chen","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2024.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2024.66","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Intrinsic capacity (IC), defined by the World Health Organization's Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) framework, is crucial for promoting healthy aging. Understanding the associations between IC impairments and age-related biomarkers can provide insights into the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and potential interventions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the associations between IC impairments (ICOPE step 1 and step 2, respectively) and aging-related biomarkers, including inflammatory and cardiometabolic markers, in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>Cross-sectional analysis of data from 755 participants (aged 50-64 years, n=212; 65-74 years, n=357; ≥75 years, n=186) enrolled in the Gan-Dau Healthy Longevity Plan, a community-based survey in Taipei City, Taiwan, from 2022.</p><p><strong>Exposures: </strong>IC impairments assessed by ICOPE Step 1 (screening) and Step 2 (in-depth assessment) across six domains: locomotion, vitality, vision, hearing, cognition, and psychological well-being.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>Levels of inflammatory biomarkers (albumin, white blood cell count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [NLR], lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio [LMR], platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio [PLR]) and cardiometabolic biomarkers (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], total cholesterol, fasting glucose, triglycerides, triglyceride-glucose [TyG] index).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 755 participants, the mean age was 68.5 years, and 68.2% were women. The proportion of participants with any IC impairment increased with age: 63.2% for those aged 50-64, 65.8% for those aged 65-74, and 74.7% for those aged ≥75 years based on ICOPE Step 1. For ICOPE Step 2, the proportions were 59.9%, 56.9%, and 64.0%, respectively. Impairments in locomotion and cognition were significantly higher in the oldest age group (≥75 years). Adjusted for covariates, IC impairment (ICOPE Step 2) was associated with higher levels of neutrophil count (β = 3.17, p = 0.015) and NLR (β = 0.34, p = 0.021) in those aged 50-64 years, and higher levels of monocyte count in those aged 65-74 years (β = 0.65, p = 0.001) and ≥75 years (β = 0.68, p = 0.037).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In conclusion, IC impairments were associated with alterations in specific inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting potential interactions between IC, age, and inflammatory processes. Longitudinal studies are warranted to establish causal relationships and elucidate the underlying mechanisms linking IC impairments, immune dysregulation, and the aging process.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":"13 4","pages":"541-551"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy of 12-Week Progressive Home-Based Strength and Tai-Chi Exercise Snacking in Older Adults: A Mixed-Method Exploratory Randomised Control Trial.","authors":"I J Liang, O J Perkin, S Williams, P M McGuigan, D Thompson, M J Western","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2024.32","DOIUrl":"10.14283/jfa.2024.32","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maintaining physical function is important for independence and frailty prevention in later life, but very few older adults meet exercise recommendations. Previous studies found that 4-week 'exercise and Tai-chi snacking' as a viable alternative to traditional exercise is acceptable to healthy older adults.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a 12-week progressive exercise and Tai-chi snacking programme on physical function and psychological outcomes in pre-frail older adults.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Randomised controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Community-dwelling older adults.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>90 older adults with impaired strength and balance were recruited. Participants were randomly allocated to an intervention or waitlist control group.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>A 12-week progressive exercise and Tai-chi snacking programme.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Physical function (the short physical performance battery (SPPB), single-leg balance test and sit-to-stand test) was remotely measured at participants' homes via video calls at baseline, 4-, 8-, and 12-weeks. The self-reported psychological outcomes were also assessed every 4 weeks using online questionnaires. A subset of 40 participants also completed in-person functional assessments, and 26 intervention participants underwent semi-structured interviews to feedback on their experiences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 12-week progressive home-based exercise and Tai-chi snacking improved SPPB strength (estimated mean difference in week 4: 1.05; week 8: 0.79; and week 12: 0.79) and balance (estimated mean difference in week 4: 0.71; week 8: 0.57; and week 12: 0.65) at each timepoint compared to control group. Timed-up-and-go (estimated mean difference in week 4: 1.94; week 8: 1.58; and week 12: 1.1) and total SPPB scores (estimated mean difference in week 4: 2.24; week 8: 1.79; and week 12: 1.76) were also better in the intervention group compared to the control group in lab subset participants. Based on the qualitative findings, Participants found the programme accessible and beneficial, making it suitable for older adults and increasing self-efficacy in physical activities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The home-based exercise and Tai-chi snacking programme significantly improved lower extremity strength, balance, and mobility in pre-frail older adults. This programme is considered to be a beneficial, acceptable and easy implemented physical function intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":"13 4","pages":"572-581"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilisation and Outcome of Cranial CT Imaging in Older Adults Attending ED Following a Fall.","authors":"K Warren, T Akinola, K Bailey, J Gwinnett, C Wharton","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2024.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2024.55","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Healthcare demand from falls in older adults is increasing, but guidance from the literature is lacking on the value of neuroimaging, particularly for those who have fallen but have no head injury or an unclear history. We carried out retrospective analysis of data from Emergency Department attendances at a large English hospital to assess compliance with guidelines and explore utility of CT scans for those not covered by existing guidance. Following a fall, 49% (577) of older adults received a cranial CT scan, 4.9% (28) of whom had an intracranial haemorrhage and only 2 received neurosurgical intervention. Only 59% who had a CT had a clear history of head injury, unwitnessed falls were common (71%) and there was a high prevalence of dementia (23%); those scanned without a clear history of head injury were significantly more frail, but not older. There was some indication that seizure, reduced GCS and neurological signs are predictive of intracranial haemorrhage regardless of head injury history, but further research is recommended to provide clarity on which groups stand to benefit most and how clinicians can be supported in decision making that balances diagnostic yield, patient benefit and imaging demand.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":"13 4","pages":"456-460"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142688753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Five-Time Sit-To-Stand Lower Limb Muscle Power in Older Women: An Explorative, Descriptive and Comparative Analysis.","authors":"H J Coelho-Júnior, A Álvarez-Bustos, L Rodríguez-Mañas, I de Oliveira Gonçalves, R Calvani, A Picca, M C Uchida, S da Silva Aguiar, E Marzetti","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2024.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2024.50","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Muscle power assessment entails the use of complex equipment which impacts its clinical applicability. Recently, equations to estimate lower-limb muscle power measures based on 5-repetition sit-to-stand (5STS) performance and anthropometric parameters were validated. However, their ability to discriminate physical performance status in older adults is still unknown. Moreover, the analysis of the biomechanical aspects of 5STS might represent a valid instrument to identify people with different physical statuses.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Explore and examine the biomechanical aspects of 5STS performance, and compare the capacity of this measure and 5STS muscle power equations to discriminate older women with different physical function levels.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Community.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Older women.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>5STS using a linear encoder, Timed \"Up-andGo\" (TUG), isometric handgrip strength (IHG) and walking speed (WS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results from ANOVA analysis indicated that peak concentric muscle power was reached in the first 5STS repetition and then declined significantly (P= 0.006). When participants were divided in high and low physical performance groups according to median results of TUG, IHG and WS tests, significant differences in 5STS biomechanical aspects were observed, according to independent t-test results (P< 0.05). However, no differences were found for 5STS muscle power equations. Pearson's correlation analysis indicated that 5STS biomechanical aspects (P< 0.05), but not 5STS muscle power equations, were significantly associated with physical performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings of the present study suggest that 5STS biomechanical aspects might contribute to discriminating older women with high and low physical performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":"13 4","pages":"397-404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severity of Fall-Related Injuries and Older Persons' Hospital Admission in Kuwait: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"H Alsaleh, S AlObaidi, A Alsaber","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2024.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2024.76","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Falls among the older population have attracted global attention, with a specific emphasis on the regional contexts of falls. This study reports the incidence and characteristics of falls in the State of Kuwait, where there is currently no national fall prevention strategy.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A prospective, cross-sectional study reported on 420 individuals aged 55 years and above admitted to Alrazi Orthopaedic Hospital in Kuwait City due to falls between March 2022 and February 2023. ICD-10 codes were used to classify the fall causes. The National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators injury severity classification was used to classify the fall-related injuries. Structured interviews were used to identify 10 main fall risk factors. Annual fall-rate was calculated and fall-related injuries were reported in frequencies and percentages. Chi-square tests and multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine the cross-sectional associations between fall severity and risk factors to determine the factors that could predict more severe fall-related injuries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fall-related injuries comprised 24.1% of the total hospital admissions, with 4% mortality rate. Around 31.6% of the falls led to temporary impairment injuries, 23.5% resulted in long-term impairment injuries, and 44.8% created potentially fatal injuries. The results of this study show that being between 55 and 74 years of age, having no history of falls, suffering from at least one illness, with no polypharmacy effect, and possessing fair vision are significantly associated with the severity of fall injuries. Being male (odds ratio [OR] = 3.38), being over 65 years of age (OR = 3.46), having a history of falls (OR = 2.49), and limitations in visual acuity predict more severe fall injuries among older individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The severity of fall injuries is significantly associated with more capable older people. Government officials should immediately design and implement culture-specific fall-prevention strategies tailored to the targeted population.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":"13 4","pages":"565-571"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Handgrip Strength Asymmetry to Assess Sarcopenia in Older Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"H J Kim, S H Kim","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2024.64","DOIUrl":"10.14283/jfa.2024.64","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Handgrip strength (HGS) is a crucial measurement for diagnosing sarcopenia, and HGS asymmetry indicates functional impairment and correlates with adverse health outcomes. Although chronic low back pain (CLBP) often coexists with sarcopenia in older people, the association between HGS asymmetry and sarcopenia in that population has not been investigated.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examines the association between HGS asymmetry and sarcopenia in older patients with CLBP and explores differences in the proportion of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia according to the severity of HGS asymmetry.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A retrospective observational study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The study included patients who visited the outpatient department for pain management at a university hospital.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Ambulatory patients 65 years and older with CLBP assessed for sarcopenia per the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 protocol were enrolled.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>HGS asymmetry was categorized into three groups (< 10%, 10-20%, and > 20%) based on the difference between the hands.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 575 CLBP patients aged 65-90 years was analyzed. In females, physical performance scores declined as HGS asymmetry severity increased (p < 0.001), alongside a proportional rise in the proportion of sarcopenia (p = 0.006) and severe sarcopenia (p = 0.002). Conversely, males showed no such association. Moreover, patients with low HGS (meeting the AWGS 2019 criteria) had a higher proportion of sarcopenia (p = 0.019) and severe sarcopenia (p = 0.017) as HGS asymmetry severity increased. The multivariable analysis identified > 20% HGS asymmetry as an independent predictor of sarcopenia (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.296, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.595-6.811, p = 0.001) and severe sarcopenia (adjusted OR 3.092, 95% CI 1.467-6.517, p = 0.003) exclusively in females.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Severe HGS asymmetry was associated with poor physical performance and a higher proportion of sarcopenia in older female patients with CLBP.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":"13 4","pages":"421-426"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing Deficit Accumulation Among Gulf War Era Veterans.","authors":"S E Petry, A D Thompson, E R Hauser, S M Lynch, S H Boyle, J Upchurch, A Press, K J Sims, C D Williams, E J Gifford","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2024.44","DOIUrl":"10.14283/jfa.2024.44","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Veterans of the first Gulf War (1990-1991) are reaching middle and older adulthood in differing degrees of health and biological age. Many Gulf War veterans report myriad negative symptoms classified as Gulf War illness (GWI), a chronic multi-symptom illness.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe and analyze deficit accumulation, among veterans with Severe GWI (SGWI+) and those without Severe GWI (SGWI-), to assess the association between a medically unexplained illness and aging.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study uses a retrospective cohort design with quasi-longitudinal data.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The recruitment sample included 10,042 Gulf War era veterans across all four US Census regions.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>The analytic sample included 1,054 participants of the GWECB for whom SGWI case status could be determined and who had valid responses for at least 90% of the deficits included in the deficit accumulation index.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Chronic health conditions were retroactively reported, including year of diagnosis, enabling us to create a longitudinal measure of deficit accumulation. This deficit accumulation index (DAI) ranged from 0-1 for each respondent in each year between 1991-2013. We compare veterans with SGWI+ to those with SGWI- using the CDC case definition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most veterans in our sample could expect to spend more years with moderate or substantial deficits than without deficits. SGWI+ was associated with spending more years with substantial deficits than those with SGWI-. Veterans in middle age (age 35-65) experienced more years with substantial deficits than younger veterans. Individuals with SGWI+ had 13 times the hazard of accumulating substantial deficits than those without.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated that veterans with SGWI+, even those in midlife, experienced aging as measured by accumulating deficits. Practitioners should consider patients with multi-symptom illnesses as at risk of accelerated aging, tailoring treatments to address patients' holistic needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":"13 3","pages":"300-306"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11292038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Reported Oral Diseases and Their Association with the Frailty index among Older Japanese People: Four-Year Follow-Up.","authors":"R C Castrejón-Pérez, S A Borges-Yáñez, R Ramírez-Aldana, I Nasu, Y Saito","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2024.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2024.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oral health is a relevant component for overall health. Oral disease onset at an early age and may harm several health dimensions, especially among older people, and has been associated with frailty.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate associations between the Frailty Index (FI) and self-reported oral diseases among older, community-dwelling Japanese people.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional and prospective analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Setting and participants: </strong>We analyzed data from 2,529 participants at the baseline and four-year follow-up of the Nihon University Japanese Longitudinal Study of Aging, which had a four-year follow-up.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>We used the self-reported number of teeth, self-reported satisfaction with dentures, and self-reported ability to chew hard food as independent variables. We computed an FI that included 40 deficits as the dependent variable. The FI score ranged from 0 to 1, with a higher score associated with adverse health outcomes and mortality. Considering a gamma distribution and controlling for age, gender, marital status, education, working status, and residence area, we fitted generalized linear models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that dissatisfied denture users had a 2.1% (95% CI 1.006-3.279) higher frailty score than non-denture users at the baseline and a 2.1% (95% CI 0.629-3.690) higher frailty score than non-denture users at the four-year follow-up. In the cross-sectional analysis, with each additional reported tooth at the baseline, the FI score was lower by 1.5% (95% CI -2.878 to -0.208) at the four-year follow-up. In both the cross-sectional and the prospective analyses, the FI scores increased as the ability to chew hard food decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Self-reported oral diseases are associated with the FI score cross-sectionally and prospectively. Identifying factors prospectively associated with frailty may improve strategies for the next generation of older people. Considering oral diseases may help clinicians personalize treatment plans for older people.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":"13 3","pages":"259-266"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Home-Based Exercise Programs for the Oldest-Old to Attenuate Physical Frailty: A Scoping Review.","authors":"B da Silva Capanema, F Fank, M C Machado Trento, D Lima Costa, A R Amaral da Rocha, G Zarpellon Mazo","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2024.41","DOIUrl":"10.14283/jfa.2024.41","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With the significant increase in the number of long-lived elderly people living at home, the development of effective physical exercise interventions at home becomes essential to preserve their independence and delay institutionalization and hospitalizations.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>to map and describe home exercise programs for elderly people aged 80 or over with physical frailty.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The scoping review allowed the inclusion of several methodologies and varied perspectives, maintaining rigor in accordance with the methodological steps of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The systematic search covered studies available until May 2023 in five databases and gray literature. Frailty was assessed according to the criteria of Fried et al. (2001), physical performance scale (SPPB), such as gait and mobility, and the authors' assessment of reduced physical function were considered. The study followed the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines and is publicly available in the Open Science Framework (OSF) repository.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. The total number of elderly people investigated in the study was 1,796. The most important physical interventions were muscular strength training, mainly of the lower limbs, together with flexibility, balance, aerobic and functional training. These home interventions have demonstrated potential, safety and effectiveness in preventing and alleviating physical frailty. These home interventions demonstrated potential, safety and effectiveness in preventing and alleviating physical frailty, adherence in most studies varied between 72% and 89%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study will allow us to design home-based exercise interventions, potentially providing practical solutions and assisting healthcare professionals in home-based interventions to reduce and mitigate physical frailty in the growing population of older adults. It will also help fill the existing knowledge gap and provide recommendations for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":"13 4","pages":"369-383"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}