Journal of Frailty & Aging最新文献

{"title":"Low Intake of Choline Is Associated with Diminished Strength and Lean Mass Gains in Older Adults.","authors":"C W Lee,&nbsp;E Galvan,&nbsp;T V Lee,&nbsp;V C W Chen,&nbsp;S Bui,&nbsp;S F Crouse,&nbsp;J D Fluckey,&nbsp;S B Smith,&nbsp;S E Riechman","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2022.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2022.50","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Choline is an essential micronutrient for many physiological processes related to exercise training including biosynthesis of acetylcholine. Though dietary choline intake has been studied in relation to endurance training and performance, none have studied it during resistance exercise training (RET) in older adults. The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between choline intake and muscle responses to RET in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-six, 60-69-year-old individuals (M=19, F=27) underwent 12 weeks of RET (3x/week, 3 sets, 8-12 reps, 75% of maximum strength [1RM], 8 exercises). Body composition (DEXA) and 1RM tests were performed before and after training. After analyzing 1,656 diet logs (3x/week, 46 participants, 12 weeks), participants' mean choline intakes were categorized into three groups: Low (2.9-5.5 mg/kg lean/d), Med-Low (5.6-8.0 mg/kg lean/d), or Adequate (8.1-10.6 mg/kg lean/d). These correspond to <50%, ~63%, and ~85% of Adequate Intake (AI) for choline, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gains in composite strength (leg press + chest press 1RM) were significantly lower in the Low group compared with the other groups (Low: 30.9 ± 15.1%, Med-Low: 70.3 ± 48.5%, Adequate: 81.9 ± 68.4%; p=0.004). ANCOVA with cholesterol, protein, or other nutrients did not alter this result. Reduced gains in lean mass were also observed in the Low group, compared with higher choline intake of 5.6-10.6 mg/kg lean/d (1.3 ± 0.6% vs. 3.2 ± 0.6%, p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These data suggest that this population of older adults does not consume adequate choline and lower choline intake is negatively and independently associated with muscle responses to RET.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10519083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing the Aging Brain: The BEAD Study on the Ethics of Dementia Prevention.","authors":"M Andreoletti,&nbsp;C Lazzaroni,&nbsp;N Petersen,&nbsp;S Segawa,&nbsp;A Leibing,&nbsp;S Schicktanz,&nbsp;A Blasimme","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2023.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2023.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dementia has lately undergone a profound reconceptualization. Long conceived of as an unpreventable process of mental deterioration, current evidence shows that it can be prevented in at least one in three cases intervening on a specified set of factors. Issues of justice and equity loom large on the implementation of dementia prevention, from a global health perspective. Our project thus embraces emerging evidence about dementia risk factors and their uneven distribution nationally and globally by specifically focusing on the situated aspects of dementia prevention. The aim of the BEAD study (Optimizing the Aging Brain? Situating Ethical Aspects in Dementia Prevention) is to dissect the ethical and clinical assumptions of this novel understanding of dementia, and to analyze how such new discourse on dementia prevention plays out in three countries: Canada, Germany and Switzerland. This study adopts a multi-perspective, comparative, qualitative approach, combining stakeholder interviews with different kinds of focused ethnographies, elaborating on conceptual, ethical, and social aspects of what we would like to call the \"new dementia\". By situating the paradigmatic shifts in Alzheimer's and dementia research within current aging cultures and contemporary social policies, we aim to initiate a debate about the often implicit unresolved social, ethical, and political implications and preconditions of the medical understanding and handling of cognitive disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9534141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Dietary Intake with the Transitions of Frailty among Japanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults.","authors":"L Gao","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2023.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2023.7","url":null,"abstract":"I read, with great interest, the recent article by Rei Otsuka et al. (1). This article’s main result is the association between dairy products and frailty transition. In fact, little research focuses on this association. Thus, the influence of dairy products on frailty is still unclear (2). Although some studies found that dairy products seem to have a preventive effect on frailty among older adults, they all consider causality mainly in terms of nutrition (3, 4). It’s necessary, but two obstacles exist to exploring the association in this way. First, dairy products include nutrients beneficial for frailty prevention, such as protein and calcium. But they also include negative nutrients for frailty, like saturated fatty acid. Besides, dairy product consumption is related to different dietary patterns, which may be beneficial or adverse for frailty prevention (2). As Berna Rahi and his colleagues mentioned, all these effects may be offset interactively (2). Thus, the true association between dairy products and frailty is hard to be exposed. Second, because of the known benefits of some nutrients for many geriatric diseases, it’s difficult to attribute the improvement in frailty to dairy products. For example, in a recent study, Berna Rahi et al. adjusted for total protein intake and didn’t find any association between dairy products and frailty (2). However, this article by Rei Otsuka et al. provided a new perspective. The article found that although there is no difference in average nutrient intake, higher dairy intake is significantly associated with frailty reversal. Thus, it may be linked to health awareness and behaviors associated with high dairy intake (1). This is important to clarify the mechanism between dairy intake and frailty improvement because it suggests that behaviors could be the actual reason for this association, or it could be an important confounder when thinking about the effects of dairy products from a nutritional perspective. However, the authors didn’t conduct further analysis. The following two suggestions may help further explore this hypothesis: First, to analyze the association between dairy intake and changes in each frailty criterion. As the author mentioned, consumption of dairy products declines with age, possibly because it takes a lot of physical effort for older adults to carry them (1). According to it, whether it’s possible that people who consume more dairy have higher physical activity, so frailty improves? Because low physical activity is one of frailty’s five criteria (5). Such assumptions can be discussed in depth by considering changes in each frailty criterion, as can other nutrition-related assumptions. Second, to include more lifestyle factors as covariates in statistical models. If considering behaviors as a potential mechanism between dairy intake and frailty improvement, lifestyles should be considered as potential confounders when analyzing the association between dairy intake and frailty transi","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9717453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using a Claims-Based Frailty Index to Investigate Frailty, Survival, and Healthcare Expenditures among Older Adults Hospitalized for COVID-19 at an Academic Medical Center.","authors":"T Keeney,&nbsp;M Flom,&nbsp;J Ding,&nbsp;M Sy,&nbsp;K Leung,&nbsp;D H Kim,&nbsp;J Orav,&nbsp;C Vogeli,&nbsp;C S Ritchie","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2023.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2023.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Frailty is associated with mortality in older adults hospitalized with COVID-19, yet few studies have quantified healthcare utilization and spending following COVID-19 hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate whether survival and follow-up healthcare utilization and expenditures varied as a function of claims-based frailty status for older adults hospitalized with COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>136 patients aged 65 and older enrolled in an Accountable Care Organization (ACO) risk contract at an academic medical center and hospitalized for COVID-19 between March 11, 2020 - June 3, 2020.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>We linked a COVID-19 Registry with administrative claims data to quantify a frailty index and its relationship to mortality, healthcare utilization, and expenditures over 6 months following hospital discharge. Kaplan Meier curves and Cox Proportional Hazards models were used to evaluate survival by frailty. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare utilization. A generalized linear model with a gamma distribution was used to evaluate differences in monthly Medicare expenditures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Much of the cohort was classified as moderate to severely frail (65.4%), 24.3% mildly frail, and 10.3% robust or pre-frail. Overall, 27.2% (n=37) of the cohort died (n=26 during hospitalization, n=11 after discharge) and survival did not significantly differ by frailty. Among survivors, inpatient hospitalizations during the 6-month follow-up period varied significantly by frailty (p=0.02). Mean cost over follow-up was $856.37 for the mild and $4914.16 for the moderate to severe frailty group, and monthly expenditures increased with higher frailty classification (p <.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this cohort, claims-based frailty was not significantly associated with survival but was associated with follow-up hospitalizations and Medicare expenditures.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9948774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9197600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of Frailty According to the Values of the Ankle-Brachial Index in the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging.","authors":"F Quiñónez-Bareiro,&nbsp;J A Carnicero,&nbsp;A Alfaro-Acha,&nbsp;C Rosado-Artalejo,&nbsp;M C Grau-Jimenez,&nbsp;L Rodriguez-Mañas,&nbsp;F J García-Garcia","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2022.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2022.25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vascular function (VF) is a general term used to describe the regulation of blood flow, arterial pressure, capillary recruitment, filtration and central venous pressure, it´s well known that age has direct effects on the VF, and this may affect the frailty status.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To analyse the association between Frailty Trait Scale 5 (FTS 5) with VF and its changes at values below and above a nadir.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective population-based cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting and participants: </strong>Data from 1.230 patients were taken from the first wave (2006-2009) of the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Frailty was evaluated using FTS 5, which evaluates 5 items: Body mass index, progressive Romberg, physical activity, usual gait speed and hand grip strength. VF was assessed using the ankle-brachial index (ABI) as an indirect measure of VF. Screening for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease was also performed by self-reporting and by searching medical records, and was used as exclusion criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimal ABI cut-off point that maximized the adjusted R2 was 1.071. We observed a statistically significant association for FTS 5 score above and below the ABI cut-off points. For every tenth that the ABI decreased below the cut-off point the patient had an increase in the FTS 5 score of 0.47 points and in every tenth that increased above the cut-off point the increase in the FTS 5 score was 0.41 points. Of all FTS 5 items, the gait speed was the only item that showed a significant association with an ABI changes 0.28 and 0.21 points for every tenth below and above the cut-off point, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Frailty is highly associated with VF. In addition, FTS 5 and its gait speed criteria are useful to detect VF impairments, via changes in ABI.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10525364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life Expectancy in Pre-Frail and Frail States with and without Disability: 18-Years of Follow-Up Data from the HEPESE Study Using the Markov Chain Method.","authors":"S Al Snih, N-W Chen, L-N Chou, K S Markides, K J Ottenbacher","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2023.37","DOIUrl":"10.14283/jfa.2023.37","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We estimated the total life expectancy (TLE), frailty-free life expectancy (FFLE), frail life expectancy (FLE), pre-frail life expectancy (PFLE), and FLE with and without disability among 2,000 Mexican Americans aged ≥67 years over an 18-year period. Frailty was defined as the presence of ≥2 criteria (weight loss, weakness, self-reported exhaustion, slowness). We used the Markov chain method to estimate the TLE, FFLE, FLE, PFLE, and FLE with and without disability by age and gender. TLE at age 67 was 17.49 years (women) and 15.54 years (men); FFLE was 6.50 years (women) and 6.45 years (men); PFLE was 6.48 years (women) and 5.42 years (men); FLE was 4.51 years (women) and 3.67 years (men); and FLE with disability was 2.13 years (women) and 1.13 years (men). In conclusion, Mexican American older women had fewer years of non-frail LE, more pre-frail or frail years, and more years with disability than men.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10682511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80309650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poor Health Behaviors among Housebound Japanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults Due to Prolonged Self-Restraint during the First COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey.","authors":"T Tanaka,&nbsp;B-K Son,&nbsp;K Iijima","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2022.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2022.20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prolonged self-restraining behaviors induced by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic's containment measures can limit various positive health behaviors.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We examined the decline in going-out and certain other positive health behaviors and investigated the relationship between excessive decreases in going-out frequency and declining engagement in positive health behaviors among community-dwelling older adults during the self-restraint period.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study employed a cross-sectional survey design.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>This study was conducted in Nishi Tokyo City, Tokyo, Japan.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>The participants were 294 respondents (150 women) aged 50 years and older who lived in public housing that were permitted to be surveyed during the self-restraint period.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Their pre-pandemic going-out frequency around February 2020 and going-out frequency during the self-restraint period starting in April 2020 were reported. We mainly assessed the existence of home health behaviors (i.e., exercise, in-person and phone conversations, and healthy diet). A self-report questionnaire was used to obtain data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Going-out frequency decreased in 41.2% of the 294 respondents owing to the government's request for self-restraint. In total, 13 individuals had been going out less than one time per week (housebound) before the request. Of the 281 people who were not housebound before the government's self-restraint request, 13.9% were newly housebound. Newly housebound individuals were 5.3 times less likely to exercise, had 2.1 times fewer social contacts, and 2.6 times less balanced or healthy diets than those who maintained their frequency of going out.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prolonged self-restraint due to the COVID-19 pandemic may lead to housebound status and poor health behaviors. Public health intervention is needed to prevent excessive self-restraint, along with new measures integrating information and communication technologies to enable older adults to live active lives.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8926449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9286326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between Dietary Variety and Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older People Who Live Alone: Gender Differences.","authors":"M Yokoro,&nbsp;N Otaki,&nbsp;M Yano,&nbsp;M Tani,&nbsp;N Tanino,&nbsp;K Fukuo","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2021.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2021.49","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the influences of living arrangements on the association between dietary variety and frailty by gender in community-dwelling older people.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Nishinomiya city, Hyogo prefecture, Japan.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 4,996 randomly selected community-dwelling older people aged 65 years and older and living in Nishinomiya City.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Survey questionnaires were distributed via mail. The frailty score was evaluated by the 5-item frailty screening index. Dietary variety was assessed using the dietary variety score developed for the general older Japanese population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2,764 community-dwelling participants aged ≥ 65 years responded to the questionnaires. After excluding missing data, 1,780 participants were included in the study analysis. The frailty scores in older men living alone were significantly higher than those in older men living with someone (P < 0.001). The dietary variety scores in older men living alone were significantly lower than those in older men living with someone (P < 0.001). However, differences in the frailty and dietary variety scores between living alone and living with someone were not were observed in older women (P = 0.360 and P = 0.265, respectively). In the multivariable regression analysis, the associations between dietary variety score and frailty score in living alone (β= -0. 271, P = 0.011) were stronger than those in living with someone in the case of older men (β= -0.131, P = 0.045). Similar associations between dietary variety and frailty were presented in older women living alone than in those living with someone (β -0.114, P = 0.002; β -0.088, P = 0.012, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Older men who live alone had higher frailty score and lower dietary variety. The associations between dietary variety and frailty were different according to living arrangements in both older men and older women.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10519078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could a Tailored Exercise Intervention for Hospitalised Older Adults Have a Role in the Resolution of Delirium? Secondary Analysis of a Randomised Clinical Trial.","authors":"N Martinez Velilla,&nbsp;L Lozano-Vicario,&nbsp;M L Sáez de Asteasu,&nbsp;F Zambom-Ferraresi,&nbsp;A Galbete,&nbsp;M Sanchez-Latorre,&nbsp;M Izquierdo","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2022.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2022.60","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Delirium is a transient neurocognitive disorder. Nonpharmacological measures can be efficient in reducing the incidence and intensity of delirium, but there is a paucity of evidence when using a physical exercise program exclusively. This was a secondary analysis of a randomised clinical trial that provided evidence on the functional and cognitive benefits of an individualised exercise intervention in hospitalised older adults. Of the 370 patients who participated in the trial, 17.1% in the intervention group had delirium and 12.1% in the control group. After the exercise intervention, 84.6% of the patients in the intervention group showed improvement in delirium compared to 68.4% of patients in the control group. Despite the fluctuating nature of delirium,we show that it is feasible to establish individualised exercise interventions in hospitalised geriatric patients in the periods when patients are able to cooperate. Baseline functional status, measured by the Barthel Index, is a clinical marker that could help to identify those who will benefit most.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10519082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frailty in Chile: Development of a Frailty Index Score Using the Chilean National Health Survey 2016-2017.","authors":"F Diaz-Toro,&nbsp;F Petermann-Rocha,&nbsp;N Lynskey,&nbsp;G Nazar,&nbsp;I Cigarroa,&nbsp;C Troncoso Y Concha-Cisternas,&nbsp;A M Leiva-Ordoñez,&nbsp;M A Martinez-Sanguinetti,&nbsp;S Parra-Soto,&nbsp;C Celis-Morales","doi":"10.14283/jfa.2023.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2023.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Frailty Index (FI) is used to quantify and summarize vulnerability status in people. In Chile, no development and assessment of a FI have been explored.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop and evaluate a FI using representative data from Chilean adults aged 40 years and older stratified by sex.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>National representative data from the Chilean National Health Survey 2016-2017 (CNHS 2016-2017).</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>3,036 participants older than 40 years with complete data for all variables.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>A 49-item FI was developed and evaluated. This FI included deficits from comorbidities, functional limitations, mental health status, physical activity, anthropometry, medications, and falls. A score between 0 and 1 was calculated for each person. Descriptive statistics and linear regression models were employed to evaluate the FI's performance in the population. Comparative analyses were carried out to evaluate the FI score by age (1<60 and ≥ 60 years).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean FI score was 0.15 (SD:0.09), with a 99% upper limit of 0.46. Scores were greater in women than men (0.17 [SD:0.09]) vs. 0.12 [0.08]); in people older than 80 years (0.22 [0.11]), and in people with ≤8 years of education (0.18 [0.10]) compared with those with >12 years (0.12 [0.08]). The average age-related increase in the FI was 2.3%. When a cut-off point ≥ 0.25 was applied, the prevalence of frail individuals was 11.8% (95% CI: 10.0 to 13.8) in the general population. The prevalence was higher in women 15.9% [95% CI: 13.3 to 18.9] than men 7.4% [95% CI: 5.3 to 10.1]. In a comparative analysis by age, higher FI mean scores and prevalence of frail were observed in people ≥ 60 than younger than 60.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The mean FI score and frailty prevalence were higher in women than men, in people with fewer years of formal education, and incremented markedly with age. This FI can be used for early detection of frailty status focusing on women and middle-aged people as a strategy to delay or prevent frailty-related consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9171504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}