Language Sciences最新文献_第3页

A study of visual path expressions in Mandarin Chinese from the perspective of motion event typology 从运动事件类型学的角度研究普通话中的视觉路径表达

IF 1.7 2区文学

Language Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101690

Sai MA , Michael Barlow

{"title":"A study of visual path expressions in Mandarin Chinese from the perspective of motion event typology","authors":"Sai MA , Michael Barlow","doi":"10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Much attention has been paid to the typology of motion event expressions, and a recent focus is on whether the lexicalization pattern of motion event expressions is associated with other factors, such as event and construction types. This study made use of a Mandarin corpus to explore the extent to which the lexicalization pattern and associated linguistic features of motion event expressions transfer to one type of fictive motion event expressions, i.e., visual path expressions. Three types of visual path expressions were focused on, including the ones involving visual paths from the Experiencer to the Experienced entity with the person as the subject (Human-experiencer-subject visual paths), the ones of the same direction but with the eye-associated entity as the subject (Eye-experiencer-subject visual paths), and the ones from the Experienced entity to the Experiencer (Stimulus-subject visual paths). The results show that, in Mandarin, both Human-experiencer-subject and Stimulus-subject visual path expressions inherit the lexicalization pattern and associated linguistic features from motion event expressions, whereas Eye-experiencer-subject visual path expressions do not and they follow the pattern seen in a verb-framed language. Our results suggest that the lexicalization pattern of motion event expressions is associated with event and construction types.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51592,"journal":{"name":"Language Sciences","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 101690"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The etymology of opaque place names based on a cognitive and interdisciplinary method 基于认知和跨学科方法的不透明地名词源学

IF 1.7 2区文学

Language Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101688

Núria Garcia-Quera

{"title":"The etymology of opaque place names based on a cognitive and interdisciplinary method","authors":"Núria Garcia-Quera","doi":"10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The method to study the etymology of opaque place names (we don't know what they mean) has been the same since the nineteenth century and, according to our research, it presents some weak phases of research process. For that reason, we have designed and experimented with a different methodology, with a cognitive and geographical approach. The initial objective was not to know the language in which the opaque toponyms were created, but what they referred to.</div><div>Based on the principles of corpus linguistics, a corpus of 180 Pyrenean population toponyms was first constructed, along with quotations of them in medieval documents. In total there were 464 toponyms in the corpus. Next, each toponym was associated with its morphological (all possible segmentations of the place name) and geographic variables (the elements of the landscape where the settlement is located). Finally, the statistical filters made it possible to relate the 1179 segments of the opaque toponyms of the corpus to 133 elements of the landscape. Thanks to this, it was possible to reconstruct five prototypical (model from which there can be variations) old cognates (they served to form words in European languages from different affiliations) which show great antiquity because they refer to basic and versatile concepts: ‘something that is cut’, or ‘does not move’, or ‘is on top’, etc. Therefore, this linguistic archaeology research reveals that in the opaque European toponyms, considered linguistic fossils due to their permanence over time, prehistoric cognates from a common old language, possibly Proto-Indo-European, could endure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51592,"journal":{"name":"Language Sciences","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 101688"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Third-way linguistics: generative and usage-based theories are both right 第三语言学：生成理论和使用理论都是正确的

IF 1.7 2区文学

Language Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101685

Stefano Rastelli

{"title":"Third-way linguistics: generative and usage-based theories are both right","authors":"Stefano Rastelli","doi":"10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Language research remains largely affected by the generative grammar vs usage-based rivalry. The polarization is so pervasive that one seems to have no choice but to assume that language categories are either entirely innate or fully learned. Nonetheless, it is possible to refrain from taking a side in the generative vs nongenerative debate. This paper highlights the work of authors over the last thirty years who believe that, on the one hand, input and domain-general, cognitive constraints alone are insufficient to learn and represent a language and, on the other, that the faculty of language (FL) – if it exists – must incorporate statistics, i.e., a counting device. The core idea of ‘third-way’ linguistics described in this paper is that languages can work because language users' statistical sensitivity and their innate grammar module interact. For a language to function, language users must implicitly know two things. First, by accumulating experience and memory, language users come to know <em>that</em> some forms are likely to go together in the input. Second, from a frequency-independent device (the FL) they also know in abstract (i.e., prior to input exposure) <em>why</em> those forms and not others can do so.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51592,"journal":{"name":"Language Sciences","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 101685"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Further semantic change of the derogatory sociomorpheme tái in Chinese gender-related Internet neologisms 与性别相关的中文网络新词中贬义社会词tái的进一步语义变化

IF 1.7 2区文学

Language Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101686

Chan-Chia Hsu

{"title":"Further semantic change of the derogatory sociomorpheme tái in Chinese gender-related Internet neologisms","authors":"Chan-Chia Hsu","doi":"10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Internet neologisms provide discursive spaces for grassroots netizens. This study examines a pair of gendered labels gaining popularity in Taiwanese online forums: <em>táinán</em> ‘Tai-man’ and <em>táinǚ</em> ‘Tai-woman’. The quantitative keyword analysis based on a corpus of online data suggests that <em>táinán</em> and <em>táinǚ</em> are pejorative labels. The qualitative discourse analysis of the keywords in context presents gender stereotypes associated with <em>táinán</em> and <em>táinǚ</em>, respectively. Converging evidence for the negative attitudes toward <em>táinán</em> and <em>táinǚ</em> is obtained in a questionnaire survey. The shared morpheme <em>tái</em> inherits localness-related ideologies and interacts with gender ideologies concerning ideal manhood and womanhood, and it has come to index an ideological contrast between favorable foreignness and unfavorable localness. This study contributes to the current literature on Chinese morphological patterns studied in social contexts. Moreover, this study presents evidence that changes in social meanings also follow the dominant trajectories of other semantic changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51592,"journal":{"name":"Language Sciences","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 101686"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142424948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Science mapping the literature in Applied Linguistics secondary research: navigating knowledge evolution from an epistemic perspective (1970–2022) 科学绘制应用语言学二次研究文献图：从认识论的角度把握知识的演变（1970-2022 年）

IF 1.7 2区文学

Language Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101687

Zahra Fahimpour , Reza Khany , Timothy Teo

{"title":"Science mapping the literature in Applied Linguistics secondary research: navigating knowledge evolution from an epistemic perspective (1970–2022)","authors":"Zahra Fahimpour , Reza Khany , Timothy Teo","doi":"10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Applied Linguistics (AL) research has undergone significant transformation in recent decades, accompanied by a surge in secondary research within the field. Using WoS data, we conducted an extensive bibliometric analysis of 881 secondary research articles and 44,752 references spanning 1970 to 2022. Utilizing CiteSpace's “author co-citation network,” “keyword co-occurrence network,” and “burst detection” analyses, we identified core research clusters, their key topics, connections, and significant bursts. Then we synthesize all the main clusters' content through in-depth analysis. Our findings reveal the growing popularity of secondary research in AL, with substantial contributions from Asian countries despite Anglo-American dominance. Key disciplines influencing the AL's intellectual structure include Psychology, Neurology, Sociology, Education, and Computer Science. Four thematic strands anchor AL's conceptual structure: Language Education & Computer Science, Psycholinguistics, Neurolinguistics, and Sociolinguistics. The top-ranked co-cited authors by burst strength are Moher, Chomsky, and Botting. Using a data-driven theory of scientific revolution, we identify emerging research trends and track dynamic changes from an epistemic perspective. This dynamic perspective contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the evolution of the AL domain, signaling a new era of Critical Applied Linguistics. This study, an empirically-based overview of AL secondary research, offers important implications for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51592,"journal":{"name":"Language Sciences","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 101687"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142424949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Language art is to console those who are broken by life”: A discursive analysis of legitimation in Chinese comforting "语言艺术是为了安慰那些被生活击垮的人"：中文慰藉中合法化的话语分析

IF 1.7 2区文学

Language Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101674

Shuang Wei , Yansheng Mao , Yihang Wang

引用次数: 0

Beyond definiteness: exploring epistemic and relational accounts of e-marked formulations in Persian interactions 超越确定性：探索波斯语互动中电子标记表述的认识论和关系论述

IF 1.7 2区文学

Language Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101675

Ahmad Izadi

{"title":"Beyond definiteness: exploring epistemic and relational accounts of e-marked formulations in Persian interactions","authors":"Ahmad Izadi","doi":"10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101675","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101675","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In spoken colloquial Persian, there exists the particle ‘<em>e</em>’, which can be suffixed to the bare nominals (as in <em>pesar-e</em>: boy-<em>e</em>), nominals with some definite markers like demonstratives (as in <em>in pesar-e</em>: this boy-<em>e</em>) and some nominals with indefinite markers (as in <em>ye pesar-e</em>: a boy-<em>e</em>) (Nikravan, 2014; Heusinger and Sadeghpoor, 2020). This particle, termed as ‘enclitic -<em>e</em>’, has been insufficiently described in the literature and even this insufficient description predominantly draws on constructed sentences. The empirical investigation that underlies the present study revisits the ‘<em>e</em>’-marked nominal formulations in the context of making references to nouns in naturally occurring conversations to identify its multifaceted functions. It is demonstrated throughout the paper that the enclitic <em>e</em> marks a noun or a nominal group to denote both the speaker and recipient's (assumed) equal epistemic access to the referent, although the speaker may need some interactional work with the recipient to share his epistemic access with them. Furthermore, through this marked way of reference formulations, the speakers do more than simply referring by orienting to some measure of relational separation with the referent. Overall, the analyses reveal delicate moments of interactional work in terms of epistemic and relational functions of the <em>e</em>-marked formulations of the referents, and as such contribute to the research on the pragmatic and interactional view of definiteness in light of epistemics and relating theories.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51592,"journal":{"name":"Language Sciences","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 101675"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0388000124000640/pdfft?md5=5e6979c4a1bb688f7c07585b58dc228f&pid=1-s2.0-S0388000124000640-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142173908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

(Anti)Causativization of psych verbs in Spanish and Japanese (西班牙语和日语中心理动词的（反）因果化

IF 1.7 2区文学

Language Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101673

Ayumi Shimoyoshi

{"title":"(Anti)Causativization of psych verbs in Spanish and Japanese","authors":"Ayumi Shimoyoshi","doi":"10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is a notable typological contrast between psych verbs in Japanese and Spanish. Japanese derives Experiencer-Object verbs (e.g. <em>yorokob-ase-ru</em> ‘to please’) from specific Experiencer-Subject verbs (e.g. <em>yorokobu</em> ‘to become pleased’) via a morphological causativization. Spanish, on the other hand, presents so-called reflexive psych verbs (e.g. <em>alegrarse</em> ‘to feel happy’), most of which can be analyzed as outputs of an anticausativization from certain Experiencer-Accusative verbs (e.g. <em>alegrar</em> ‘to make happy’). Simply put, these languages derive psych verbs with procedures that reversely mirror each other. This paper will elucidate the characteristics of the causativization used to produce Japanese Experiencer-Object causatives and the anticausativization associated with Spanish Reflexive Psych Verbs and demonstrate that the typological contrast between Japanese and Spanish psych verbs results in semantic variation, e.g. differences in the entailment relation, absence/presence of ambiguity in negation, aspectual diversity. Semantic differences between psych verbs in these languages are ascribed to specific features of the (anti)causative operations employed to generate the predicates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51592,"journal":{"name":"Language Sciences","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 101673"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0388000124000627/pdfft?md5=6bf2d16e28a066e3bb22c2a8a2835c60&pid=1-s2.0-S0388000124000627-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142041035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Large models of what? Mistaking engineering achievements for human linguistic agency 什么的大型模型？将工程成就误认为人类的语言能力

IF 1.7 2区文学

Language Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101672

Abeba Birhane , Marek McGann

{"title":"Large models of what? Mistaking engineering achievements for human linguistic agency","authors":"Abeba Birhane , Marek McGann","doi":"10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper we argue that key, often sensational and misleading, claims regarding linguistic capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) are based on at least two unfounded assumptions: the <em>assumption of language completeness</em> and the <em>assumption of data completeness</em>. Language completeness assumes that a distinct and complete thing such as “a natural language” exists, the essential characteristics of which can be effectively and comprehensively modelled by an LLM. The assumption of data completeness relies on the belief that a language can be quantified and wholly captured by data. Work within the enactive approach to cognitive science makes clear that, rather than a distinct and complete thing, language is a means or way of acting. Languaging is not the kind of thing that can admit of a complete or comprehensive modelling. From an enactive perspective we identify three key characteristics of enacted language; <em>embodiment</em>, <em>participation</em>, and <em>precariousness</em>, that are absent in LLMs, and likely incompatible in principle with current architectures. We argue that these absences imply that LLMs are not now and cannot in their present form be linguistic agents the way humans are. We illustrate the point in particular through the phenomenon of “algospeak”, a recently described pattern of high-stakes human language activity in heavily controlled online environments. On the basis of these points, we conclude that sensational and misleading claims about LLM agency and capabilities emerge from a deep misconception of both what human language is and what LLMs are.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51592,"journal":{"name":"Language Sciences","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 101672"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0388000124000615/pdfft?md5=f7f3281a359df35af751aca63248e4e7&pid=1-s2.0-S0388000124000615-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142041034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sympathising with patients in historical China: an interaction ritual approach 同情历史上的中国病人：一种互动仪式方法

IF 1.7 2区文学

Language Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2024.101665

He Cang , Juliane House , Fengguang Liu , Dániel Z. Kádár

引用次数: 0