Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India最新文献

{"title":"P16, Ki67 and P63 Expression in Cervical Neoplasia: A Diagnostic Bridge Between Preinvasive and Invasive Lesions.","authors":"Suha Akhtar, Pinki Pandey, Pragati Diwedi, Alok Dixit, Roopak Aggarwal, Savita Agarwal, Kailash Kumar Mittal","doi":"10.1007/s13224-025-02202-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-025-02202-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where early detection and screening programs are limited. Immunohistochemical (IHC) markers such as p16, Ki67, and p63 have shown potential in enhancing diagnostic accuracy in cervical lesions. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the expression of these markers in preinvasive and invasive cervical lesions and correlate them with clinicopathological features.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 209 histologically confirmed cervical biopsy specimens collected between 2016 and 2022. The cases included cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN I-III), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), adenocarcinoma, and poorly differentiated malignancies. Clinical data including age, symptoms, parity, and smoking history were reviewed. Immunohistochemistry for p16, Ki67, and p63 was performed, and expression patterns were statistically analyzed across different lesion grades.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>CIN I (44.5%) and SCC (42.6%) were the most common diagnoses. The mean age increased with lesion severity (CIN I: 44.91 years; SCC: 51.14 years; <i>p</i> < 0.001). AUB and smoking were more prevalent in SCC cases (51.97% and 53.25%, respectively). P16 expression increased with lesion grade (Grade 3 in CIN I: 0%; SCC: 29.87%; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Ki67 showed high expression (2 + or 3 +) in 100% of SCC cases (<i>p</i> < 0.001). P63 expression was strong in all SCC and CIN III cases but absent in adenocarcinomas (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The immunohistochemical markers p16, Ki67, and p63 demonstrate statistically significant expression patterns correlating with lesion severity and histological subtype. These biomarkers are valuable adjuncts in distinguishing low-grade from high-grade and invasive cervical lesions, supporting their use in routine diagnostic practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"76 1","pages":"35-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Review on the Use of AI in IVF Laboratories.","authors":"Dov Feldberg, Nikhil Purandare, Eytan Barnea, Edgar Mocanu, Togas Tulandi, Goknur Topcu, Ivonne Diaz, Jaideep Malhotra, Akira Iwase, Ajey Bhardwaj, Jackline Akol, Chittaranjan Purandare","doi":"10.1007/s13224-025-02332-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-025-02332-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"76 1","pages":"13-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking the Hesitation: Bromocriptine Use in Peripartum Cardiomyopathy with Preeclampsia-A Case Series.","authors":"Preeti F Lewis, Mithil Rathod, Dishant Upadhyay","doi":"10.1007/s13224-025-02245-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-025-02245-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare, potentially fatal form of systolic heart failure occurring in late pregnancy or early postpartum, typically without prior structural heart disease. In India, its incidence is estimated to be 1 in 1374 live births, with maternal mortality up to 15% in resource-limited settings. When coexisting with preeclampsia, PPCM presents diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. Although bromocriptine is supported by trials and European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines, its use in India remains limited, especially in hypertensive pregnancies due to safety concerns.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We describe three antenatal patients with PPCM and severe preeclampsia managed at a tertiary referral hospital. All had moderate-to-severe left ventricular dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction LVEF 25-35%). One, treated without bromocriptine, had persistent dyspnoea and LVEF < 45% at two weeks postpartum. Two others received bromocriptine (2.5 mg daily); one initiated early showed full recovery (LVEF 60% by day 14), while the other, started on day 8 postpartum, showed partial recovery (LVEF 50%).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The series underscores the importance of early echocardiography in distinguishing PPCM from preeclampsia-induced pulmonary oedema. It supports the \"two-hit hypothesis\", where preeclampsia acts as a second insult, triggering oxidative stress and formation of a cardiotoxic 16-kDa prolactin fragment. Bromocriptine, by inhibiting prolactin, may interrupt this pathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early recognition of PPCM in preeclamptic patients and timely initiation of bromocriptine with standard therapy can improve cardiac recovery. Multidisciplinary management is key to addressing treatment hesitancy and improving maternal outcomes in Indian settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"76 1","pages":"78-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Serum Magnesium as Predictor of Preeclampsia.","authors":"Prachi Suresh Rawal, S R Nayak","doi":"10.1007/s13224-025-02160-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-025-02160-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preeclampsia is best described as a pregnancy specific syndrome that can affect virtually every organ system. Even though a multitude of novel markers are available, serum magnesium is a cost-effective method in prediction of preedampsia. The aim of the study is to find out the relationship between serum magnesium and preeclampsia and its role in prediction of the same.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a comparative study done over a period of 18 months including antenatal women at 32 weeks period of gestation with 60 participants in each group with BP recording of > 140/90 mmHg as cases and < 140/90 mmHg as controls and serum magnesium levels were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean serum magnesium (1.82 ± 0.26) levels were noted to be lower in preeclampsia group (<i>p</i> value < 0.001), whereas the mean age (32.4 ± 4.4) and BMI (29.7 ± 1.9) in the preeclampsia group were higher than that in normotensive group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows that detection of serum magnesium can be cost-effective method for prediction of preeclampsia and its supplementation in pregnancy can aid in prevention as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"76 1","pages":"57-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Traditional and Vaginoscopic Approach in Patients Undergoing Diagnostic Hysteroscopy.","authors":"Sangeeta Kumari, Kamna Datta, Ashok Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s13224-025-02225-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-025-02225-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare Vaginoscopic hysteroscopy and Traditional Hysteroscopy in terms of pain during the procedure, time taken for the procedure, and success of the procedure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Comparative observational study done at ABVIMS and Dr RML Hospital between August 1, 2022, and February 29, 2024, in which hundred women of reproductive age group planned for diagnostic hysteroscopy were randomized in two groups: group A undergoing traditional hysteroscopy (50 patients) and group B undergoing vaginoscopic hysteroscopy (50 patients).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total pain score was calculated for each group; it was found to be significantly lower in vaginoscopic technique (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The mean time was 5 min 5 s for traditional hysteroscopy and 6 min 45 s for vaginoscopic hysteroscopy with no significant difference statistically. There was no statistically significant difference in success rates in both the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The vaginoscopic approach is a better tolerated and less painful technique and therefore should be preferred over the traditional hysteroscopy.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"76 1","pages":"30-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Series of 72 Robot-Assisted Benign Gynecological Surgeries on a Novel Modular Robotic Platform.","authors":"Leena Mehrotra, Khetaji Bhurji Sodha, Hina Firdos, Magan Mehrotra","doi":"10.1007/s13224-025-02227-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-025-02227-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Robotic assisted surgery has attained widespread acceptance in the past two decades as the robotic platform provides 3D vision, tremor filtration and increased dexterity with upto 7 degrees of freedom. This original article is dedicated to providing an impartial assessment of robotic technology, elucidating our insights gained from 72 gynaecological surgeries conducted with a novel modular robotic system in a tertiary care hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A meticulous examination of 72 robotic benign gynaecological surgeries was undertaken, wherein average operative time, estimated blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and conversion rates were subjected to retrospective scrutiny.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A wide spectrum of benign gynecological pathologies could be dealt with using the robotic platform with acceptable operative time, blood loss and post operative complications. The average operative time for our first 25 cases was compared with the subsequent 47 cases, this difference was not found to be statistically significant (<i>p</i> value = 0.28) suggesting that there does not appear to be a significant learning curve for a trained laparoscopic gynecologist in transitioning to robotic gynecological surgeries.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Robotic benign gynecological surgery is feasible and safe. The novel modular robotic platform gives the advantages of an open surgeon's console, enhanced degrees of freedom of movement of instruments and stability. Robotic benign gynecological surgery appears to offer reasonable post operative recovery with acceptable intra and post operative complication profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"76 1","pages":"22-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Transcranial Doppler (TCD)-based Cerebral Hemodynamics in Preeclamptic Women.","authors":"Padmini Das, Namrata Kahlon, Priyanka Sharma, A K Pandey, Asim Das, K K Deepak","doi":"10.1007/s13224-025-02238-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13224-025-02238-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy associated with endothelial dysfunction and neurological complications such as posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). Conventional laboratory tests do not adequately capture cerebral involvement. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) offers a non-invasive method to assess cerebral hemodynamics. This study aimed to characterize cerebral flow dynamics in Indian women with PE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional observational study was conducted including 44 pregnant women (25 with PE, 19 normotensives). PE was diagnosed using ISSHP criteria. TCD insonation of middle, anterior, and posterior cerebral arteries was performed with a 2 MHz probe via transtemporal windows. Parameters measured were peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), and resistance-area product (RAP). Data were analyzed using SPSS v20.0 with Student's t-test and Kruskal-Wallis tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PE participants demonstrated significantly higher systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures (p 0.001). TCD revealed increased PSV in bilateral MCA, reduced EDV, and elevated CPP across MCA, ACA, and PCA compared to controls. RAP was markedly raised in the PCA, suggesting impaired autoregulation and posterior circulation vulnerability to hyperperfusion.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The study revealed significantly elevated peak systolic velocities (PSV), raised cerebral perfusion pressures (CPP) in the middle and posterior cerebral arteries (MCA and PCA) of preeclamptics, with concurrent reductions in end-diastolic velocity (EDV). Resistance Area Product (RAP) was increased in the PCA, suggesting impaired autoregulation and increased susceptibility to hyperperfusionrelated injury. These hemodynamic disturbances, particularly in the posterior circulation, may serve as early indicators of PRES risk. TCD provides a feasible bedside tool for antenatal neurovascular risk stratification. Larger, multicenter studies are warranted to establish predictive thresholds for clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"76 1","pages":"88-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Obstetrics Simulator in Developing Knowledge and Skills of Managing Obstetrics Emergencies in MBBS Interns.","authors":"Pradyumna Powalkar, Neha Sancheti, Neelima Shah, Sangeeta Desai, Prashant Shah, Rakeshkumar Sharma, Sanket Patil","doi":"10.1007/s13224-025-02265-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-025-02265-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A significant proportion of maternal and perinatal fatalities are avertable through enhanced emergency obstetric and neonatal care within healthcare facilities. Simulation-based training provides a safe and error-tolerant environment for practice, thereby ensuring that real patients remain unharmed. This effectively removes the conflicting objectives of patient care and education within the clinical experiences of trainee doctors.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Emergency Obstetrics training curriculum involved CAE Lucina obstetrics simulator on which emergency obstetrics case scenarios were conducted. Evaluation of participants was done using clinical case scenarios based questionnaire, CATS scale and case management outcomes while managing simulation-based case scenarios. Post-training the quantitative data was compared using paired <i>t</i> test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total 154 participants completed this study. At the end of this study, when pre- and post-test data were compared, there was significant improvement seen in the participants performance. For questionnaire, the mean improvement in score was 2.68 points (95%CI 2.34-3.03, <i>p</i> < 0.05). CATS scale showed overall Mean improvement of 25.31(95%CI 23.38-27.24, <i>p</i> < 0.05). All the parameters of CATS scale showed significant improvement. Case management outcomes were improved from 63.3 to 79.59% at the end of this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research highlights remarkable efficacy associated with the implementation of high fidelity simulation methodologies in the training concerning obstetric emergencies. The integration of a virtual reality high fidelity simulator with traditional hands-on training approaches, possesses the potential to effectively bridge the existing knowledge and skills gap.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"76 1","pages":"72-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adhesive Sterile Self-Retaining Tight External Vulvar Sheet (Adhesive Darwish Sheet) for Comfortable Vaginoscopic Surgery.","authors":"Atef M Darwish, Dina A Darwish","doi":"10.1007/s13224-025-02300-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-025-02300-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"76 1","pages":"82-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the desk of Dr. Bhaskar Pal: President FOGSI 2026.","authors":"Bhaskar Pal","doi":"10.1007/s13224-026-02363-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-026-02363-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"76 1","pages":"7-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}