Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India最新文献

{"title":"Accuracy of a Noninvasive, Wearable, Wireless, ECG-Based, Intrapartum Monitoring Tool Against the Conventional Ultrasound-Based CTG.","authors":"Kanjoor Deepthi Damodaran Nair, Sareena Gilvaz, Bindu Menon, Priyanka Singh","doi":"10.1007/s13224-024-01998-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-024-01998-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Most conventional cardiotocographs (CTG) work on the ultrasound principle and are heavily used by doctors to measure fetal heart rate (FHR) and uterine contractions (UCs). Despite their widespread usage, they have limitations with accessibility, portability and ease of use. Electrocardiogram (ECG) which relies on electrical signals gives a far superior signal during labor, yet it is ineffective to measure FHR unless an invasive scalp electrode is inserted. Noninvasive fECGs (ni-fECG) are still subject to constant research and validation. The ni-fECG device is a novel, ECG and electromyography (EMG)-based medical device that measures FHR, UC and maternal heart rate (MHR) continuously. It is portable, wearable and easy to use. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the ni-fECG device with the conventional ultrasound-based CTG.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective observational study was conducted on 282 pregnant women. The inclusion criteria included women ≥ 28 weeks of gestational age with singleton pregnancy and cephalic presentation. The procedure used in both the devices to monitor FHR and UC was explained to the participants. Data analysis was done using Python Jupyter Notebook.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The accuracy for baseline heart rate, FHR and UC was found to be 97.37%, 91.3% and 70.27%, respectively. BMI and maternal age did not have a significant impact on the comparative accuracy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With further improvements in UC accuracy the ni-fECG device could be a viable alternative to CTGs.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"75 Suppl 1","pages":"340-347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12085471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144103188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Center Experiences for Fetal Intervention in Pregnancy Complicated by Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion Sequence: Case Reports.","authors":"Dudy Aldiansyah, Binarwan Halim, Sarma Nursani Lumbanraja, Edwin Martin Asroel, M Fahdy, Hanudse Hartono, Thomson Thomson","doi":"10.1007/s13224-024-02063-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-024-02063-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We present three cases of fetal intervention in twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence.</p><p><strong>Case reports: </strong>Case 1. A 22-year-old pregnant woman, 23-week gestational age (WGA), with TRAP sequence. The patient underwent interstitial laser coagulation, in which we successfully coagulated one vessel with direct flow to the acardiac twin's heart but failed to coagulate the vessels to the acardiac twin's pelvis. After the procedure, the patient developed preterm premature rupture of membrane (PPROM) and delivery ensues. The pump twin's weight was 458 g and passed away after two hours.Case 2. A 18-year-old pregnant woman, 25 WGA, with TRAP sequence. This patient underwent bipolar cord coagulation, and we successfully coagulated 3 segments of the cord and finished with amniopatch. Three weeks later, the patient developed preterm premature rupture of membrane and delivery ensues. The pump twin's weight was 1300 g, and she survived after admission in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for 3 months.Case 3. A 23-year-old pregnant woman, 24 WGA, with TRAP sequences. This patient underwent bipolar cord coagulation, and we successfully coagulated 5 segments of the cord. After the pregnancy reaches 37 weeks, we perform an elective cesarean section to deliver the surviving male pump twin baby, who weighs 3100 g.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We reported three cases of TRAP sequences with different treatments and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"75 Suppl 1","pages":"623-626"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12085546/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144103226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical Insufficiency Management with Elective Transvaginal Cervicoisthmic Cerclage.","authors":"Vakkanal Paily Paily, Soumya Ramakrishnan, Afshana Sidhik, Raji Raj Girijadevi, Ajithakumari Sudhamma, Joshy Joseph Neelankavil, Usha Govindan Menon, Raymond George, Sara Cheriyan, Teena Eliz John, Divya Vishnu, Manu Pradeep, Suhail K Shafeek","doi":"10.1007/s13224-025-02101-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13224-025-02101-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transabdominal cervicoisthmic cerclages (TACIC) are currently recommended for cervical insufficiency, which is-(1) refractory to the conventional vaginally applied cervical cerclages or (2) in an anatomically short cervix. We aim to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of the cervicoisthmic cerclage applied transvaginally (TVCIC), instead of the invasive TACIC, in preventing preterm births (< 32 weeks of gestation) in women with previously failed cervical cerclages.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective case series included consecutive patients who had a history of elective cervical cerclage failure in the previous pregnancy and, therefore, underwent elective TVCIC (preconceptionally or antenatally) in the current pregnancy between 2015 and 2023 in our tertiary care setting. Fetal survival-to-discharge rate was analyzed as a secondary outcome. The TVCIC technique is performed as follows: The bladder is reflected away from the cervix by sharp dissection, leaving the utero-vesical fold of the peritoneum intact. With a posterior colpotomy, the Pouch of Douglas is entered. Bilaterally, a 5-mm Mersilene tape is passed anteroposteriorly, cranial to the uterosacral ligaments, encircling through the lateral cervical tissue, and tied posteriorly. The anterior and posterior colpotomies are then closed with interrupted sutures-burying the knot in the Pouch of Douglas. Ideally, at term, the women undergo an elective cesarean delivery, and the cerclage may be left in situ-if the woman desires future pregnancies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In twenty-seven women with previous cervical cerclage failure, TVCIC was electively performed (twenty-three during 7-16 weeks of gestation and four preconceptionally). All but one (<i>n</i> = 26/27, 96.3%) of the gestations carried beyond 32 weeks of gestation, whereas 77.8% (<i>n</i> = 21/27) gestations completed 37 weeks. The fetal survival-to-discharge rate was 96.3% (<i>n</i> = 26/27). There were no procedure-related maternal or neonatal complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TVCIC can be further explored as an alternative to transabdominal cervicoisthmic cerclages in a larger, multicentric study in a similar population.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13224-025-02101-z.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"75 2","pages":"142-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12064547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144065278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of ProBNP and Troponin I in Cases of Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders and Placenta Praevia.","authors":"K Sushma Samy, Mona Asnani, Anjoo Agarwal, Renu Singh, Wahid Ali","doi":"10.1007/s13224-024-02093-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-024-02093-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders and placenta praevia (PP) are major life-threatening obstetric complications. Pro-brain natriuretic peptide (ProBNP) and troponin I are circulatory biomarkers related to increased angiogenesis and tissue destruction.</p><p><strong>Aims and objectives: </strong>The aim was to evaluate the ProBNP and troponin I levels in placenta praevia and PAS and compare their levels between cases and their corresponding matched controls in terms of age, gestational age, and BMI.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A case-control study was conducted over one year; ProBNP and troponin I levels were evaluated and compared in a total of 120 women enrolled, in which 30 women were of placenta praevia, 30 women were of PAS, and 60 controls (30 each) matched to corresponding controls in terms of age, gestational age, and BMI. In all recruited women, biomarker levels were detected by immunofluorescence assay method. All cases and controls were evaluated and compared in terms of demographic profile, risk factors, and maternal and perinatal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In placenta praevia patients, lower mean ProBNP (0.42) and higher troponin I levels (1.58) were observed as compared to their matched controls, but this difference was not significant statistically. PAS patients had statistically significant higher mean ProBNP (1.24) as well as troponin I levels (3.84) as compared to their matched controls (<i>P</i> < 0.001) (z = 4.356).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both ProBNP and troponin I levels were found to be higher in cases of PAS. Troponin I had an edge over ProBNP in the identification of PAS and adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Both may be used as diagnostic as well as prognostic markers in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"75 Suppl 1","pages":"487-493"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12085520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amniotic Fluid Embolism: Pathophysiological Insights through Analysis of Case Series.","authors":"Shrabani Ghosh, Sunanda Kulkarni, Prabha Nambier, Trishula Davade","doi":"10.1007/s13224-024-02057-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-024-02057-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but potentially catastrophic complication of pregnancy in pregnancy and immediate postpartum period. Its pathophysiology remains poorly understood, and the mortality rates have historically been high. In this paper, we present a detailed history of two patients diagnosed with AFE and discuss the potential pathophysiological mechanisms involved. We highlight the importance of early recognition, immediate ICU management, and a multidisciplinary approach to improve survival in AFE cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"75 Suppl 1","pages":"616-618"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12085534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144103190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaginal Fluid Creatinine Levels to Detect Rupture of Membranes.","authors":"Palugula Sushma Sree, E Gomathy, R K Saxena","doi":"10.1007/s13224-024-01963-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-024-01963-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>When amniotic fluid leaks from the vagina, due to rupture of membranes (ROM) before uterine contractions begin, at a gestational age shorter than 37 weeks, the condition is known as preterm premature rupture of foetal membranes. ROM before the onset of labour, after 37 weeks, is known as pre-labour rupture of foetal membranes. Our study sought to examine whether vaginal fluid creatinine levels might be utilised to diagnose women with ROM.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To study the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of vaginal fluid creatinine in diagnosis of rupture of membranes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 60 pregnant women with singleton pregnancy who were admitted to MVJMC & RH and met the inclusion criteria with gestational age between 28 and 40 weeks. This was a hospital-based prospective comparative study. The study group included 30 pregnant women who complained of vaginal fluid leak (case group) and 30 pregnant women without ROM, who were randomly enrolled from the labour room (control group). If obvious 'leaking' was present then 3 ml of vaginal fluid sample was collected with a syringe. If the membranes were intact then 5 ml of sterile saline solution was instilled into the posterior vaginal fornix and 3 ml of the fluid was withdrawn with same syringe, and sent for vaginal fluid creatinine level estimation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In case and control groups, the mean and standard deviations of vaginal fluid creatinine was 1.50 ± 0.25 mg/dL and 0.52 ± 0.28 mg/dL, respectively. The ideal cutoff score was established using the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve coordinates by balancing sensitivity and specificity. The cutoff score of 1.050 mg/dL was selected, with a 93.1% sensitivity rate, a 90.3% specificity rate, 90.0% PPV, and 93.3% NPV.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A quick, easy test that can accurately diagnose ROM, is the detection of creatinine levels in vaginal fluid. It has high sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"75 Suppl 1","pages":"269-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12085518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Mismatch Repair Gene Defects by Means of Immuno-histochemistry Staining for MMR Proteins in Endometrial Cancer.","authors":"Kaustubh Girish Burde, Indu R Nair, Pavithran Keechilattu, Anupama Rajanbabu","doi":"10.1007/s13224-024-02034-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-024-02034-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In India, the incidence of uterine cancer is 17,420 per year. Presence of mismatch repair genes is one of the risk factors which can cause microsatellite instability in DNA leading to hereditary syndromes as well as sporadic cancer. In the present study, we aim to determine the prevalence of MMR gene mutations by IHC staining for MMR proteins in endometrial cancer. We further aim to corelate various clinic-pathological features with mismatch repair gene defect (MMRd) cancers and to determine its effects recurrence and survival in endometrial cancer.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This is an ambispective study of a retrospectively selected cohort followed up prospectively. It was conducted in the Department of Gynaecological Oncology, AIMS. The cohort was evaluated for the four MMR proteins via IHC staining, and their various clinic-pathological factors were studied. Also, the factors affecting their recurrence free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were observed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of MMR loss in endometrial cancer patients was 31.34%. Most common loss of MMR gene was MLH1 and PMS 2 (57.14%). We did not find any significant differences pertaining to age, BMI, menstrual status, family history and second malignancies in both groups of endometrial cancers. While comparing the histopathological characteristics, no significant difference was found regarding to histopathology, stage, type, grade, P53 status, tumour size, lymph node involvement and LVSI status. No significant difference was seen between two groups in RFS and OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found a significant proportion of endometrial cancers with defective MMR genes in Indian population. We did not find any correlation of MMR to the various clinical and histopathological factors that we analysed. MMRd did not significantly affect the RFS and OS in endometrial cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"75 Suppl 1","pages":"135-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12085453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144103171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aetiology and Clinical Characteristics of Primary Amenorrhoea with Hypothalamic or Pituitary Disorders at a Quaternary Hospital.","authors":"Krantarat Peeyananjarassri, Satit Klangsin, Saranya Wattanakumtornkul, Kriengsak Dhanaworavibul, Chainarong Choksuchat, Chatpavit Getpook, Chariyawan Charalsawadi, Worathai Maisrikhaww","doi":"10.1007/s13224-025-02112-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13224-025-02112-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/purpose of the study: </strong>To identify the causes and clinical characteristics of women with primary amenorrhoea and hypothalamic or pituitary gland disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study was conducted at a quaternary hospital in southern Thailand. The medical records of women diagnosed with primary amenorrhea and hypothalamic or pituitary gland disorders (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism [HH]) were reviewed. HH was defined as an oestradiol level of < 20 pg/mL, decreased (< 5 mIU/mL) or normal serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, and no organic disease of the uterus or ovaries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-five women with HH were included. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) age at presentation was 18 years (range, 17-20 years). Most patients presented with primary amenorrhoea (50/55), followed by primary infertility (3/55). All women had low levels of oestradiol (5 pg/mL [5.0-12.1]), FSH (0.8 mIU/mL [0.3-3.7]), and luteinising hormone (0.5 mIU/mL [0.1-2.3]). The most common cause was hypothalamic dysfunction (80%); including congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) (43.6%), constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) (14.5%), and functional hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (FHH) (10.9%). Regarding hypothalamic dysfunction, patients with CHH were significantly older than those with CDGP (20 years [17.0-26.5] vs. 16.5 years [15.8-17.2]; P = 0.014) and had significantly lower FSH levels compared to those with FHH (0.6 mIU/mL [0.3-1.0] vs. 4.5 mIU/mL [2.8-5.7]; P = 0.026).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hypothalamic dysfunction, particularly CHH, is the most common cause of primary amenorrhoea and HH.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"75 2","pages":"122-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12064488/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Rupture to Revelation: Vaginal Evisceration of Small Bowel After Spontaneous Uterine Rupture in Pregnancy.","authors":"Pankaj Singh, Shiva, Sanjeev Kumar, Shalini Singh, Suresh Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s13224-024-01982-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-024-01982-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"75 Suppl 1","pages":"607-609"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12085724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Endometrial Abnormalities in Asymptomatic Postmenopausal Women with Endometrial Thickening.","authors":"Manizheh Sayyah-Melli, Vahideh Rahmani, Hasna Zarkhah, Behrooz Shokouhi Gogani, Anis Sani","doi":"10.1007/s13224-024-01979-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-024-01979-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endometrial cancer is a prevalent gynecological malignancy typically characterized by abnormal uterine bleeding in postmenopausal women, although it can also manifest in asymptomatic patients. Asymptomatic postmenopausal women often display endometrial thickening, and research has shown associations between endometrial thicknesses of 5 mm or more and certain pathologies. However, it remains unclear whether specific pathologies are related to different diameters of thickened endometrium.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the diameters of endometrial thickness its histopathology, and the related symptoms in postmenopausal women who have incidental endometrial thickening and are not experiencing vaginal bleeding.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted in Alzahra Teaching Hospital of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. The inclusion criteria for the study comprised of postmenopausal women who had visited the clinics with symptoms other than vaginal bleeding and exhibited an endometrial thickness of more than 5 mm in ultrasound imaging. A total of eighty-four women were included in the final analysis. The participants were scheduled to undergo a Pap smear and endometrial biopsy (Pipelle biopsy). The histopathology of the endometrial samples was examined to test the research hypothesis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no statistically significant association between endometrial histopathologic findings and endometrial diameter (<i>p</i>-value = 0.12) or participants' chief complaints (<i>p</i>-value = 0.21).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that endometrial thickening is not a reliable predictor for a specific endometrial pathology in postmenopausal women who do not experience vaginal bleeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"75 Suppl 1","pages":"37-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12085496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144101999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}