Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India最新文献

{"title":"Comprehensive Device for Labor, Birthing, and Postpartum Monitoring: A Way Forward in Maternal-Fetal Care.","authors":"Shantanu Pathak, Ahalya Kumar, Madhva Prasad","doi":"10.1007/s13224-025-02329-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-025-02329-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the presence of early warning systems and scoring systems, the basic vital parameter monitoring of laboring woman can become burdensome, owing to low doctor-patient ratio and skillset gap among healthcare providers, a solution to which is to have systems which can perform simultaneous maternal and fetal monitoring.</p><p><strong>The innovation: </strong>The device is intelligent and AI-powered clinical decision support system for clinicians to care for mothers during the course of pregnancy. This combines the digital, wireless, and connected fetal Doppler, the tocodynamometer, a multipara monitor - (Blood pressure, heart rate, SPO2, temperature, and ECG), and an interfacing screen for clinician interactions. The unique feature of the device is that it can trigger alarm systems when any of these parameters vary beyond the limits of normal or even in correlation. The clinician can interpret such information and make appropriate decisions. The provision of a single composite device measuring maternal and fetal monitoring is an apt technological support for optimal partogram monitoring. By giving a snapshot summary of the data points, the healthcare provider can seamlessly take informed decisions, rather than engage in time consuming data collection. Remote monitoring capability is an added advantage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The device has the potential to ably assist obstetricians and midwives in their day-to-day monitoring of pregnant woman and save time and make informed decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"76 1","pages":"84-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal ophthalmic artery Doppler peak ratio in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia and its association with pregnancy outcomes.","authors":"Khyati Bhatia, Seema Mehrotra, Vandana Solanki, Anit Parihar, Monica Agrawal, S P Jaiswar, Vidisha Khanna","doi":"10.1007/s13224-025-02166-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-025-02166-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Purpose of study-Pre-eclampsia is a leading cause of maternal mortality, with 12% of deaths being attributed to this condition and its complications.The neurological sequelae of pre-eclampsia are related to cerebrovascular endothelial dysfunction. Ocular circulation reflects the status of cerebral circulation as the ophthalmic artery has embryological, anatomic and functional similarities to CNS arteriolar vessels.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the changes in ophthalmic artery Doppler parameter, Peak ratio in women with pre-eclampsia as compared to normotensive women and to examine its association with pregnancy outcome in pre eclamptic women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary care center, over a period of one year involving preeclamptic and normotensive women. Opthalmic artery Doppler was performed in all recruited women. All pre-eclamptic women were followed till discharge for maternal and fetal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>222 women were recruited out of which 111 were pre eclamptic and 111 were normotensive. Peak ratio cut off was calculated as 0.85 by plotting a receiver operator curve. 88.1% of pre eclamptic women with higher peak ratio i.e. > 0.85 had adverse maternal outcomes whereas 51.9% pre-eclamptic women with peak ratio < 0.815 had adverse outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ophthalmic artery Doppler could serve as a cost effective, non invasive readily applicable and reproducible marker to predict adverse maternal outcome in pre eclamptic women,thus identifying risk for neurological complications in pre eclamptic women, thereby allowing for appropriate targeted therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"76 1","pages":"49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovations in OBGYN: Transforming 21 st Century Practice.","authors":"Sujata Dalvi","doi":"10.1007/s13224-026-02368-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13224-026-02368-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Innovations in the health care system are drivers to carry it forward. With Artificial Intelligence, personalized medicine, digital health and remote monitoring, it is advancing at faster pace. Advances are the way forward, reshaping the module of practitioners and patients. Landscape of Obstetrics & Gynaecology has transformed from pelvic examinations, paper charts, USG machines in clinic to digital tools that can increase patient care, improve diagnostic accuracy and streamline clinical workflow. Modern technologies complement traditional clinical skill while addressing women's health issues. The present-day clinician will be able to integrate technology with clinical touch in the best interest of the patient. Clinicians can take a lead in innovations rather than just being care givers. Research environment, dedicated funds, platform to showcase new ideas can go long way for health care advances.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"76 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring AI in Obstetrics and Gynaecology: Into the Unknown.","authors":"Archana Baser, Anshu Baser","doi":"10.1007/s13224-026-02359-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-026-02359-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"76 1","pages":"91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Maternal Lipid Levels in Pregnancy and Major Congenital Malformations.","authors":"Anil Eragam, Subhas Chandra Saha, Tulika Singh, Arnab Pal, Shiv Sajan Saini","doi":"10.1007/s13224-025-02226-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-025-02226-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the lipid profile of pregnant women having fetuses that carried Major Non-syndromic Congenital Malformations (MNCA) (cases) with women of normal fetuses (controls).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective observational case-control study. The majority of the cases had fetuses with neural tube defects (64%), and the rest of the fetuses had either congenital heart disease, urogenital malformations, or musculoskeletal disorders. Lipid profiles which included total cholesterol, triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) of cases were compared with gestation-matched controls. A single fasting blood sample was analyzed in both groups and assessed for lipids.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hypotriglyceridemia, decreased cholesterol, HDL, and LDL were seen in cases in comparison with controls, Pearson's correlation coefficient (otherwise Spearman rank correlation coefficient) was applied to find out the correlation between case and controls, and it showed a statistically significant decrease in TGs, LDL, and HDL in cases in comparison with controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL, and HDL are essential for the development of the fetus in early pregnancy. Studies have proven that a decrease in these levels in mothers leads to major congenital malformations. In our study, hypolipidemia might have an association with the prevalence of MNCA.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>It is known that lipids are essential in embryogenesis and fetal development. An abnormal lipid profile can disturb this normal mechanism and lead to major malformations. A few studies have shown this association. Our study was done to find out any association between deviant lipid profile and occurrence of major congenital malformations.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"76 1","pages":"67-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing Community-Based Cervical Cancer Screening: Evaluating an Indigenous Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Portable Colposcope.","authors":"Mansi Chugh, Bharti Goel, Alka Sehgal, Sunita Dubey, Uma Handa, Dinesh Walia","doi":"10.1007/s13224-026-02347-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-026-02347-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of mortality for women in low-income countries. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a point-of-care cervical cancer screening test for community-based settings that can be used for triaging and managing women with preinvasive and early invasive lesions of cervix.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of an indigenous artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled trans-vaginal colposcopic device called Smart Scope®. Parallel screening with cervical cytology and assessment of magnified digital images was done by a trained observer to minimize false negatives. Cervical biopsy was taken for any abnormality identified on any of the three tests. Histopathology report of the biopsy was taken as the reference standard.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>A total of 268 women were recruited for the study. Cervical evaluation with the Smart Scope® identified 17.5% (<i>n</i> = 47) cervices with pre-cancerous/cancerous lesions, 19.4% (<i>n</i> = 52) with high-risk lesions, 14.2% (<i>n</i> = 38) with inflammatory/benign lesions and 48.9% (<i>n</i> = 131) cervices as normal. Taking cervical biopsy as the reference standard, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were 68.4%, 65.5%, 13.1%, and 96.4% respectively. In comparison, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of cervical cytology were 43.8%, 93.3%, 46.7%, and 92.5% respectively, while that of assessment of magnified digital images by trained observer was 89.5%, 49.1%, 22.4%, and 96.6% respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Smart Scope®-based evaluation in conjunction with the assessment of magnified digital images by a trained observer can be an effective tool for cervical cancer screening. Further improvement of AI-based diagnosis can make it an effective tool for community-based screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"76 1","pages":"42-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Training in Minimal Access Surgery: A Perspective.","authors":"Abhay Dalvi","doi":"10.1007/s13224-026-02369-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-026-02369-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Minimal access surgery (MAS) represents the third major revolution in surgical practice after anaesthesia and antisepsis. Despite its widespread adoption, structured training in MAS has lagged behind, often leaving postgraduate curriculum incomplete. This manuscript explores the evolution of MAS training, highlighting the unique challenges of eye-hand coordination, depth perception, and reliance on camera system. Various training modalities including endotrainers, animal and cadaveric models, simulators, observer ships, and credentialing programmes are critically examined. The emergence of robotic surgery introduces new skill sets and assessment tools, necessitating comprehensive curriculum that integrate simulation, team coordination, and structured certification. Future horizons point towards affordable robotic systems, virtual reality, and AI-powered feedback, making training more realistic and accessible. A structured, credentialed approach remains essential to ensure safe surgical practice and optimal patient outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"76 1","pages":"18-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence of Fetal Complete Heart Block and the Role of Positive Autoantibodies in Pregnant Women with Rheumatologic Diseases.","authors":"Khadijeh Riazi Kermani, Nazanin Abdi, Razieh Moazami Goudarzi, Zeynab Elahi, Abolhasan Divband, Shahrokh Rajaei, Mohammad Reza Kargarfard Jahromi, Fatemeh Arjmand","doi":"10.1007/s13224-025-02201-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-025-02201-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Complete Heart Block can lead to severe fetal complications. Maternal autoantibodies cross the placenta, increasing the risk of Fetal Complete Heart Block. This study investigates the prevalence of FCHB and the role of these autoantibodies in pregnant women with rheumatologic diseases in Bandar Abbas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in Southern Iran between 2021 and 2023. A total of 99 pregnant women with systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis, along with 4 cases of fetal bradycardia without maternal rheumatologic history, were referred for echocardiography. Among them, 63 had positive autoantibodies. Prophylactic treatment with hydroxychloroquine and/or prednisolone was administered, and treatment with dexamethasone, IVIG, and beta sympathomimetics was initiated based on echocardiographic findings and the timing of congenital heart block diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 103 cases, 7 fetuses (0.6%) were diagnosed with congenital heart block. Four women had no prior rheumatologic history, while three had a history of systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Seven women tested positive for autoantibodies. A significant correlation was found between CHB and anti-Ro antibodies (<i>P</i> = 0.017). Of the cases of fetal CHB, one developed hydrops fetalis, and six had CHB but normal cardiac function at birth.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early diagnosis and timely intervention enhance outcomes in fetal congenital heart block, but many patients still require pacemakers, highlighting the importance of careful monitoring. Advancing risk stratification, exploring novel therapies, and conducting multicenter research are essential for optimizing management and further understanding the impact of maternal autoimmunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"76 1","pages":"61-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipschütz Ulcer: EBV or Mycoplasma?","authors":"Matteo Terrinoni, Federica Adinolfi, Angelo Baldoni, Dario Rossetti, Gian Carlo Di Renzo","doi":"10.1007/s13224-025-02139-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13224-025-02139-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lipschütz's acute vulvar ulceration is the vulvar manifestation of a systemic pathology. It is first reported in 1912 and is a non-sexually acquired condition characterized by symmetrical genital ulcers. It is an underdiagnosed condition with poor cases described in the literature. The main symptom is pain.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We describe the case report of a 14-year-old patient with painful genital ulcers associated with flu-like symptoms. The gynaecological examination showed the presence of multiple vulvar lesions. The diagnosis of Lipschütz ulcers was a diagnosis of exclusion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This rare condition must not be underestimated because of any psychophysical implication. It is mandatory to reassure the patient and her family of its benign course.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"75 6","pages":"514-516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12748456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145879227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zika Virus Disease in Pregnancy: A Case Series from the Kerala Outbreak.","authors":"Dhanya R Shenoy, Rajalakshmi Ananthanarayanan, Vettakkara Kandy Muhammed Niyas, Vidyalekshmy R, Brinda Sabu, Sajith Mohan","doi":"10.1007/s13224-025-02156-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13224-025-02156-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, has emerged as a significant global health concern due to its potential adverse effects on maternal and fetal health. Severe fetal abnormalities, such as microcephaly, were notably linked to previous ZIKV outbreaks, particularly in Brazil. However, the correlation between ZIKV and congenital anomalies in India remains inconclusive.</p><p><strong>Study: </strong>This case series retrospectively analysed pregnant women diagnosed with Zika virus disease (ZVD) at KIMSHEALTH, Thiruvananthapuram, from 2021 to 2024. ZIKV infection was confirmed via ZIKV RT-PCR testing on patient samples.The study identified ten confirmed cases of ZVD in pregnant women. Clinical presentations included maculopapular rash (in all patients), fever, joint pain, non-purulent conjunctivitis, and myalgia. Among these, two infections near term resulted in normal fetal outcomes, one mid-trimester infection led to a normal delivery, six women opted for medical termination of pregnancy (MTP), and one woman experienced a miscarriage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The clinical features of ZVD during pregnancy observed in this cohort were similar to those in the general population. The absence of congenital anomalies suggests a potentially less pathogenic strain of ZIKV in India. However, further studies involving larger populations are required to conclusively determine the risk of congenital Zika syndrome in this region. This study underscores the need for ongoing surveillance and research to fully understand the impact of ZIKV on pregnancy in India.</p>","PeriodicalId":51563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India","volume":"75 6","pages":"517-520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12748434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145879317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}