Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale最新文献_第6页

Determining the optimal environmental information for training computational models of lexical semantics and lexical organization. 确定训练词汇语义和词汇组织计算模型的最佳环境信息。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000344

Brendan T Johns

{"title":"Determining the optimal environmental information for training computational models of lexical semantics and lexical organization.","authors":"Brendan T Johns","doi":"10.1037/cep0000344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000344","url":null,"abstract":"Experiential theories of cognition propose that the external environment shapes cognitive processing, shifting emphasis from internal mechanisms to the learning of environmental structure. Computational modelling, particularly distributional models of lexical semantics (e.g., Landauer & Dumais, 1997) and models of lexical organization (e.g., Johns, 2021a), exemplifies this, highlights the influence of language experience on cognitive representations. While these models have been successful, comparatively less attention has been paid to the training materials used to train these models. Recent research has explored the role of social/communicatively oriented training materials on models of lexical semantics and organization (Johns, 2021a, 2021b, 2023, 2024), introducing discourse- and user-centred text training materials. However, determining the optimal training materials for these two model types remains an open question. This article addresses this problem by using experiential optimization (Johns, Jones, & Mewhort, 2019), which selects the materials that maximize model performance. This study will use experiential optimization to compare user-based and discourse-based corpora in optimizing models of lexical organization and semantics, offering insight into pathways towards integrating cognitive models in these areas. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":"78 3","pages":"163-173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142114611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forty years of research on mathematical cognition: Summing it up. 数学认知研究四十年：总结。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000337

Jo-Anne LeFevre

引用次数: 0

A novel demonstration of preparation in pop-out search. 弹出式搜索中准备工作的新演示。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000327

Ben Sclodnick, Hongjin Sun, Bruce Milliken

引用次数: 0

Measuring mislocalization of angle vertices. 测量角度顶点的错位。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000333

Pavle Valerjev, Marin Dujmović

{"title":"Measuring mislocalization of angle vertices.","authors":"Pavle Valerjev, Marin Dujmović","doi":"10.1037/cep0000333","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cep0000333","url":null,"abstract":"Localisation of simple stimuli such as angle vertices may contribute to a plethora of illusory effects. We focus on the Müller-Lyer illusion in an attempt to measure and characterise a more elementary effect that may contribute to the magnitude of said illusion. Perceived location error of angle vertices (a single set of Müller-Lyer fins) and arcs in a 2D plane was measured with the aim to provide clarification of ambiguous results from studies of angle localisation and expand the results to other types of stimuli. In three experiments, we utilised the method of constant stimuli in order to determine perceived locations of angle vertices (Experiments 1 and 2) as well as circular and elliptical arcs (Experiment 3). The results show significant distortions of perceived compared to objective vertex locations (all effect sizes d > 1.01, p < .001). Experiment 2 revealed strong effects of angle size and fin length on localisation error. Mislocalization was larger for more acute angles and longer angle fins (both ηp² = .43, p < .001). In Experiment 3, localisation errors were larger for longer arcs (ηp² = .19, p = .001) irrespective of shape (circular or elliptical). We discuss the effect in the context of modern trends in research of the Müller-Lyer illusion as well as the widely popular centroid theory. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":" ","pages":"88-99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140899751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the association between intention and visual word identification. 意向与视觉单词识别之间的关联。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000326

Derek Besner, Colin M MacLeod

{"title":"On the association between intention and visual word identification.","authors":"Derek Besner, Colin M MacLeod","doi":"10.1037/cep0000326","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cep0000326","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most fundamental distinctions in cognitive psychology is between processing that is \"controlled\" and processing that is \"automatic.\" The widely held automatic processing account of visual word identification asserts that, among other characteristics, the presentation of a well-formed letter string triggers sublexical, lexical, and semantic activation in the absence of any intention to do so. Instead, the role of intention is seen as independent of stimulus identification and as restricted to selection for action using the products of identification (e.g., braking in response to a sign saying \"BRIDGE OUT\"). We consider four paradigms with respect to the role of an intention-defined here as a \"task set\" indicating how to perform in the current situation-when identifying single well-formed letter strings. Contrary to the received automaticity view, the literature regarding each of these paradigms demonstrates that the relation between an intention and stimulus identification is constrained in multiple ways, many of which are not well understood at present. One thing is clear: There is no simple relation between an intention, in the form of a task set, and stimulus identification. Automatic processing of words, if this indeed ever occurs, certainly is not a system default. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":" ","pages":"114-128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140867539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000331

Shanna Kousaie, Vanessa Taler

{"title":"An event-related potential investigation of the influence of bilingualism on disambiguating homonyms in older adults.","authors":"Shanna Kousaie, Vanessa Taler","doi":"10.1037/cep0000331","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cep0000331","url":null,"abstract":"Ambiguity is ubiquitous in language; lexical ambiguity refers to instances where a single word has multiple meanings. The current investigation examined homonyms, words that have the same orthography and pronunciation in English but multiple meanings (e.g., BANK, meaning \"financial institution\" or \"river's edge\"). The processing of homonyms requires the engagement of executive control processes, for example, to select the appropriate meaning of the homonym while reducing interference from other meanings. Executive function processes are known to change over the lifespan and may be impacted by experiential factors such as bilingualism. The present study uses event-related brain potentials as an index of lexical access to examine whether bilingualism influences homonym processing in older adults. The results indicate that patterns of lexical access differ as a function of bilingual status in older adults and compared to young adults, suggesting that language experience may moderate language processing in both young and older adults, at least in situations where language processing is demanding on executive function, such as in the processing of homonyms. Importantly, we show that older bilinguals show a somewhat similar pattern of ambiguity processing as their younger counterparts, while age differences were observed in monolinguals when comparing across studies. This suggests that bilingual language experience may have a mitigating impact on age-related changes in ambiguity processing. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":" ","pages":"67-80"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140873586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differences in politeness perception of irony and prosocial lies: Exploring the role of age, gender, and geographic location. 对反讽和亲社会谎言的礼貌感知差异：探索年龄、性别和地理位置的作用。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000324

Pavitra Rao Makarla, Gitte Henssel Joergensen, Kendal Brice Tyner, Caroline Sprinkle, Kathrin Rothermich

{"title":"Differences in politeness perception of irony and prosocial lies: Exploring the role of age, gender, and geographic location.","authors":"Pavitra Rao Makarla, Gitte Henssel Joergensen, Kendal Brice Tyner, Caroline Sprinkle, Kathrin Rothermich","doi":"10.1037/cep0000324","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cep0000324","url":null,"abstract":"In daily interactions, individuals use irony and prosocial lies for various reasons, for example, to be humorous, to criticize, or to be polite. While some studies have examined individual differences in perceiving the politeness of such language, research using naturalistic, context-rich materials is lacking. To address this gap, we utilized short videos to assess politeness perception in literal, ironic, and prosocial lie scenarios while also exploring differences based on age, gender, and geographical location. Our sample included 288 participants from the United States and the United Kingdom. We focused on five different types of language: literal positive, blunt, sarcastic, teasing, and prosocial lies. Participants rated the politeness of these statements and completed surveys on communication preferences (Self-Reported Sarcasm Questionnaire and Conversational Indirectness Scale Questionnaire). While the demographic groups showed similarities, individual factors also shaped politeness perception. Older adults perceived teasing as less polite than middle-aged and younger adults, and male participants rated blunt and sarcastic statements as more polite. Geographical variations were found for prosocial lies, with U.K. participants rating them more polite than their U.S. counterparts. These findings underscore the importance of considering context-rich materials and individual factors in understanding the social functions of irony and prosocial lies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":" ","pages":"100-113"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140061229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A motor task, not working memory, causes the revelation effect. 运动任务，而不是工作记忆，导致了启示效应。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000317

Hiroshi Miura, Yuji Itoh

{"title":"A motor task, not working memory, causes the revelation effect.","authors":"Hiroshi Miura, Yuji Itoh","doi":"10.1037/cep0000317","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cep0000317","url":null,"abstract":"Performing a cognitive task prior to making a recognition judgment increases the probability of old responses, which is known as the revelation effect. The criterion shift account (Niewiadomski & Hockley, 2001) proposes that occupation of working memory causes the revelation effect. However, we proposed that working memory does not cause it. Two experiments were conducted to disconfirm the relationship between working memory and the revelation effect and to consider an alternative explanation that metacognition causes the effect. In Experiment 1, the revelation effect was caused by a finger movement task, which puts little or no load on working memory. In Experiment 2, a metacognitive instruction that a cognitive task would make subsequent recognition easier induced a conservative criterion shift. The finding that a simple motor task caused the revelation effect in Experiment 1 disconfirms the relationship between working memory and the revelation effect and extends the boundaries of the occurrence of the effect. The findings in Experiment 2 suggest that metacognition may be related to the occurrence of the revelation effect. This study implies a paradoxical aspect of human cognition in that metacognition, which usually makes cognition more effective and rational, may also cause an irrational phenomenon, the revelation effect. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":" ","pages":"81-87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71428984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Looks can be deceiving: Investigating change blindness in an online setting. 外表是会骗人的：调查在线环境中的变化盲区。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000323

Saeeda Saeed, Arianna Cook, Victoria Mackie, Dana A Hayward

{"title":"Looks can be deceiving: Investigating change blindness in an online setting.","authors":"Saeeda Saeed, Arianna Cook, Victoria Mackie, Dana A Hayward","doi":"10.1037/cep0000323","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cep0000323","url":null,"abstract":"In the real world, we often fail to notice changes in our environment. In some cases, such as not noticing a car moving into our lane, the results can be catastrophic. This so-called change blindness has been seen experimentally both through failing to notice changes to images on-screen as well as failing to notice a change in other people's identity. However, less is known regarding how change blindness manifests in virtual settings varying in visual clutter or with varying types of interaction with someone prior to the change. Across two studies (n = 134), participants engaged in an online video chat with a confederate, with two levels of visual clutter (none, a lot) and three levels of interaction (none, light conversations about weather/TV, deeper conversations about goals/greatest regrets). We found no modulation of change blindness rates across perceptual clutter. Curiously, we found a large discrepancy in change blindness rates in Experiment 1 (79%; 52/66) versus Experiment 2 (16%; 11/68) that we explored, leading to some evidence that increasing the level of interaction led to greater change blindness rates, but only for pairs who identified as belonging to different ethnicities. Taken together, our work suggests that we may pay attention to people differently in virtual settings compared to in-person, that in-group and out-group biases may have an effect on change blindness rates, and that while clutter does not seem to affect change blindness rates, one's level of interaction just might. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139565225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Set size and the orthographic/phonological neighbourhood size effect in serial recognition: The importance of randomization. 序列识别中的集合大小和拼写/语音邻域大小效应：随机化的重要性。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000320

Dominic Guitard, Leonie M Miller, Ian Neath, Steven Roodenrys

{"title":"Set size and the orthographic/phonological neighbourhood size effect in serial recognition: The importance of randomization.","authors":"Dominic Guitard, Leonie M Miller, Ian Neath, Steven Roodenrys","doi":"10.1037/cep0000320","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cep0000320","url":null,"abstract":"The neighbourhood size effect refers to the finding of better memory for words with more orthographic/phonological neighbours than otherwise comparable words with fewer neighbours. Although many studies have replicated this result with serial recall, only one has used serial recognition. Greeno et al. (2022) found no neighbourhood size effect when a large stimulus pool was used and a reverse effect-better performance for small neighbourhood words-when a small stimulus pool was used. We reexamined these results but made two methodological changes. First, for the large pool, we randomly generated lists for each subject rather than creating one set of lists that all subjects experienced. Second, for the small pool, we randomly generated a small pool for each subject rather than using one small pool for all subjects. In both cases, we observed a neighbourhood size effect consistent with results from the serial recall literature. Implications for methodology and theoretical accounts of both the neighbourhood size effect and serial recognition are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":" ","pages":"9-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71428987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0