Journal of Ultrasound最新文献

{"title":"Ultrasonographic insights into the complex anatomy and biomechanical dynamics of the Achilles tendon and its fascicles: a pictorial essay.","authors":"Stella Salvatore Massimo, Vita Fabio, Suhel Gabriele Al Khayyat, Donati Danilo, Ciampi Barbara, Becciolini Marco, Tedeschi Roberto, Faldini Cesare, Galletti Stefano","doi":"10.1007/s40477-025-00987-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40477-025-00987-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This pictorial essay clarifies the complex anatomical and ultrasonographic features of the Achilles tendon. Utilizing high-frequency ultrasound probes (12-18 MHz), the study visualizes the tripartite segmentation of the tendon as it relates to anatomical fascicles. Notably, there is variability in the ultrasound visibility of fascicles and this partition influences biomechanical properties and susceptibility to injury. This essay not only enhances the understanding of Achilles tendon anatomy but also underscores the importance of anatomical knowledge for comprehending associated pathologies. The findings suggest potential areas for further research into tendon pathology, facilitating the development of targeted rehabilitation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasound","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare finding of testicular epidermoid keratinized cyst in a prepubertal boy: case report and management standardization.","authors":"Maria Escolino, Mauro Porcaro, Annalisa Chiodi, Claudia Di Mento, Francesca Carraturo, Valerio Mazzone, Giorgia Esposito, Pasquale Somma, Ciro Esposito","doi":"10.1007/s40477-025-00992-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40477-025-00992-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Testicular epidermoid cysts (TECs) are rare, benign lesions that can also mimic malignant testicular masses. Accurate preoperative diagnosis is essential for proper management. A 13-year-old male presented with a painless solid mass in the left testicle. Serum tumor markers were normal. Ultrasound, CEUS and MRI findings were consistent with TEC. Surgical enucleation of the mass was performed, after ruling out malignancy through intraoperative frozen section examination. Histopathology confirmed diagnosis of keratin-filled epidermoid cyst. At 3-month follow-up, the patient is well-being and scrotal US is normal. This case highlights the importance of considering epidermoid cysts in the differential diagnosis of testicular masses in young males. Ultrasound is the first-line imaging modality in the assessment of any testicular masses. Other imaging modalities such as CEUS, elastography and MRI can be helpful to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions. Testis-sparing surgery can be safely performed, after ruling out malignancy through intraoperative frozen-section analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":51528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasound","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in cerebrovascular reactivity as a marker of cognitive impairment risk: a transcranial Doppler study.","authors":"Carlo Lugnan, Paola Caruso, Lucrezia Rossi, Giovanni Furlanis, Marcello Naccarato, Paolo Manganotti","doi":"10.1007/s40477-025-00986-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40477-025-00986-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) and dementia affect short- and long-term outcome after stroke and can persist even after recover from a physical handicap. The process underlying PSCI is not yet fully understood. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) is a feasible method to investigate cerebrovascular aging or dementia, through the pulsatility index (PI), the cerebrovascular reactivity (e.g. the Breath-Holding Index (BHI)) and the functional Transcranial Doppler sonography (fTCD). Aim of the study was to assess the usefulness of PI, BHI, Resistance Index (RI) and fTCD in evaluating the risk of cognitive impairment evolution in patients with minor stroke (MS), compared to patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) and to healthy controls (HC).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>PI, RI, BHI and fTCD were evaluated in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) of MS patients, TIA and HC. Patients with MS and TIA were enrolled within six days from the cerebrovascular event (acute phase) and the tests were repeated after 180±15 days from t0 (control phase). During the TCD recording, particular sections of MoCA test and FAB test were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>43 subjects were enrolled: 13 MS, 16 TIA and 14 HC. MFV analysis in the acute phase demonstrated no difference between MFVs at rest vs MFVs during MoCA/FAB tests in TIA and MS (acute phase), a significant increase of MFVs during MoCA/FAB tests vs MFVs at rest in HC (p<0.01), a statistically significant difference in the PI of MS vs HC at rest (p=0.048) and in BHI between HC vs MS (p<0.001) and HC vs TIA (p<0.01). In the control phase the absence of a statistically significant difference in MFVs was observed only in MS patients (MFVs at rest vs MFVs during MoCA) and PI and BHI values were in the normal range both in MS and TIA. No correlation was observed between MoCA test results and MFV, PI or RI, in any of the three groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A different cerebral vasoreactivity, in terms of no increase in MFV, was found when performing cognitive tasks in patients with MS and TIA compared to HC in the acute phase. TCD is a fundamental tool to study cerebral vasoreactivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":51528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasound","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143043322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Point-of-care ultrasound in the diagnosis of hepatic gas gangrene.","authors":"Issac Cheong, Ignacio Pérez Fernández, Oscar Claudio Andriani, Francisco Marcelo Tamagnone","doi":"10.1007/s40477-025-00985-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40477-025-00985-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatic gas gangrene (HGG) is a rare but life-threatening condition typically caused by anaerobic bacteria such as Clostridium perfringens, though Gram-negative bacteria like Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species have also been implicated. Traditionally diagnosed via computed tomography (CT), point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has emerged as a valuable tool in critical care settings for its non-invasive, bedside utility. We report the case of a 51-year-old female with choledochal syndrome secondary to cholangiocarcinoma who developed HGG following left extended hepatectomy and biliary reconstruction. POCUS revealed free subhepatic fluid, hypoechogenicity in the right hepatic lobe, and comet-tail artifacts suggestive of intrahepatic gas, leading to prompt surgical intervention. Despite maximal supportive measures, the patient succumbed to refractory shock. This case underscores the utility of POCUS in the rapid diagnosis and management of HGG, offering a non-invasive alternative to traditional imaging, and highlights its potential as a primary diagnostic tool for HGG in critically ill patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":51528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasound","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143043323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An overview of the use of cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI) modeling to produce synthetic medical data (SMD) in decentralized clinical machine learning (ML) for ovarian cancer(OC) and ovarian lymphoma(OL).","authors":"Diana Donatello","doi":"10.1007/s40477-025-00983-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40477-025-00983-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>o point out how novel analysis tools of AI can make sense of the data acquired during OL and OC diagnosis and treatment in an effort to help improve and standardize the patient pathway for these disease.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>ultilizing programmed detection of heterogeneus OL and OC habitats through radiomics and correlate to imaging based tumor grading plus a literature review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>new analysis pipelines have been generated for integrating imaging and patient demographic data and identify new multi-omic biomarkers of response prediction and tumour grading using cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI) in OL and OC.</p><p><strong>Description: </strong>deline the main AI methods used in OL and OC that we can try to standardize in the clinical radiological and medical practice to ameliorate the patients diagnosis and theraphy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>through new AI methods it's possible to combine research into a SwarmDeepSurv, generate new data flow channels, create medical imaging data channels of OL and OC using AI and identify new biomarkers of OL and OC. .</p>","PeriodicalId":51528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasound","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of paravertebral muscle trophism and its correlation with thoraco-lumbar fascia thickening in patients with chronic low back pain.","authors":"Fabio Vita, Danilo Donati, Davide Pederiva, Salvatore Massimo Stella, Roberto Tedeschi, Marco Miceli, Cesare Faldini, Stefano Galletti","doi":"10.1007/s40477-025-00988-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40477-025-00988-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this work is to demonstrate how the chronicity of low back pain can modify the trophism of the paraspinal muscles, by performing an ultrasound and MRI evaluation of the paraspinal muscles in the lumbar spine and correlating it to the time of onset of low back pain.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An ultrasound evaluation was carried out in the lumbar area with a 5-17 MHz linear probe of the paraspinal muscles of the lumbar region, compared with the MRI of the lumbar spine, in patients presented to our attention for chronic low back pain (> 6 months), from January 2021 to January 2023. In each patient, two series of images were analyzed, in the coronal and sagittal planes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between January 2021 and January 2023, a total of 79 patients were retrospectively evaluated by ultrasound for chronic low back pain. The patients, including 46 men and 33 women, had an average age of 51.6 years (min 24-max 74). In the evaluation of the profile of the paravertebral muscles, 22 patients (27.8%) showed hypotrophy of the paravertebral muscles with a concave profile, while the measurement of the thickness of the fascia showed an average thickness of 2.19 mm with a range between 1, 3 and 3.2 mm and an interquartile range of 1.7-2.65 mm. 77.2% of patients with a concave profile showed a thickness of the FTL > 2.5 mm, and an average duration of symptoms of approximately 15.3 months, to demonstrate a correlation between muscle hypotrophy, thickness of the FTL and duration of onset of symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the evaluation of chronic low back pain carried out with MRI and ultrasound, the paravertebral musculature profile and the thickness of the thoracolumbar fascia are two instrumental data which, associated with the proposed classification and correlated to the clinical picture, allow to determine the chronicity of the pathological picture.</p>","PeriodicalId":51528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasound","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic ultrasound evaluation and treatment of subcoracoid bursitis after HPV vaccination: a case of shoulder injury related to vaccine administration (SIRVA).","authors":"Aslinur Keles, Ozge Gulsum Illeez, Burak Giray, Esra Giray","doi":"10.1007/s40477-025-00984-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40477-025-00984-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shoulder Injury Related to Vaccine Administration (SIRVA) is a complication caused by improperly administered vaccinations. It triggers an inflammatory cascade that damages shoulder structures, resulting in prolonged shoulder pain and restricted range of motion. Common diagnoses in SIRVA patients include shoulder bursitis (all classified as subacromial bursitis), adhesive capsulitis, and rotator cuff injuries such as tears or tendinopathy. Less frequent diagnoses include biceps tenosynovitis, shoulder synovitis, intramuscular hematoma, and polymyalgia rheumatica or polymyalgia rheumatica-like syndrome. We present a case of SIRVA with prominent subcoracoid bursitis, confirmed via ultrasound. Ultrasound plays a critical role in static and dynamic assessments, providing accurate diagnoses and valuable guidance for identifying associated pathologies and managing SIRVA.</p>","PeriodicalId":51528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasound","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Superb microvascular imaging (SMI) and elastosonography in thyroid nodule: diagnostic value in a real‑time cohort.","authors":"Davide Negroni, Gaetano Maddalena, Romina Bono, Flavia Abruzzese, Sara Cesano, Patrizio Conte, Chiara Airoldi, Pierluigi Neri, Alessandro Carriero","doi":"10.1007/s40477-024-00978-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40477-024-00978-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasound","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of prenatal ultrasound in fetal sex identification: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Eunice Amankona, Andrew Donkor, Benedict Apaw Agyei, Ijeoma Anyitey-Kokor, Alexander Tawiah Odoi, Yaw Amo Wiafe","doi":"10.1007/s40477-024-00977-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40477-024-00977-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the accuracy and success rate of ultrasound in determining fetal sex. A search was conducted on Medline, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases, and the reference lists of selected studies were also reviewed. Meta-analyses were performed using Revman 5.4.1 and Meta-DiSc 2.0. Twenty-eight studies met the criteria for inclusion in the systematic review. Nine studies reported the accuracy rate of first-trimester fetal sex identification, with a mean accuracy of 85% and a median of 87%. Six studies provided accuracy rates for second and third-trimester identifications, with mean and median rates of 92% and 99%, respectively. A pooled sensitivity and specificity analysis shows that the sensitivity increased from 69% at 11 weeks to 89% at 12 weeks to 96% at 13 weeks. Forest plots on the success rates indicated no significant statistical differences between first-trimester ultrasound sex determination and actual birth sex, with p values of 0.06 for males and 0.08 for females. Similarly, second and third-trimester forest plots showed p values of 0.70 for males and 0.14 for females. In conclusion, ultrasound accuracy for fetal sex determination rises from 87% in first to 99% in second trimesters. The success rate shows no significant difference for either trimester. However, male sex is more easily detected in the second and third trimesters, while female sex is more easily detected in the first trimester. The sensitivity of fetal sex detection in the first trimester increases with gestational age. These findings suggest that prenatal ultrasound sex determination can be useful in managing sex-related pregnancy complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":51528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasound","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of uterine cavity structural features on reproductive outcomes in T-shaped uterine malformation.","authors":"Karine Tokhunts, Luis Alonso Pacheco, Armine Chopikyan, Anna Khudaverdyan, Nelly Abgaryan, Knarik Aleksandryan, Adrine Grigoryan, Marianna Adamyan","doi":"10.1007/s40477-024-00980-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40477-024-00980-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Despite advancements in modern medicine, the effectiveness of in vitro fertilization (IVF) remains low. This study aimed to assess the impact of specific features of T-shaped uterine cavity malformation and its intermediate forms on reproductive function and the effectiveness of assisted reproductive technology (ART), particularly on IVF results and pregnancy outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cohort study included 388 somatically healthy patients undergoing 3D ultrasound (US) examination of the uterine cavity before embryonic transfer for IVF treatment. Patients were evaluated for morphometric parameters using standardized US protocols. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed that patients with T-shaped uterus and intermediate forms had higher rates of miscarriages, and unfavorable pregnancy outcomes compared to those with normal uterine cavities. The frequency of pregnancy occurrence in T-shaped and Intermediate groups was statistically similar with the \"Normal uterus\" group. Morphometric parameters such as T-angle, lateral angle, and myometrial thickness significantly influenced IVF outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the importance of morphometric parameters in predicting IVF success and pregnancy outcomes in patients with T-shaped uterine cavity malformation. These parameters can guide clinical decision-making and may serve as predictors for reproductive outcomes in ART procedures. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and explore additional ultrasound markers for better prediction of reproductive outcomes in patients with uterine cavity malformations.</p>","PeriodicalId":51528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasound","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142899423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}