Economic SystemsPub Date : 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101254
Zhandos Ybrayev, Azamat Baizakov, Erlan Kailrullayev, Dana Mukhambetzhanova
{"title":"Macroprudential policy effectiveness and interaction with monetary policy: Lessons from debt service-to-income cap implementation in Kazakhstan","authors":"Zhandos Ybrayev, Azamat Baizakov, Erlan Kailrullayev, Dana Mukhambetzhanova","doi":"10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101254","url":null,"abstract":"We take advantage of the early adoption of the debt-service-to-income cap (DSTI) measure in Kazakhstan, as well as available granular information from the local credit registry to study the effects of macroprudential instruments on core financial stability parameters. Our results show that implementation of a DSTI cap of 50 % leads to around a 9 % decrease in 12 months in the amount of outstanding debt on average for the range of credits originated just around the introduction of the DSTI cap. We find that DSTI cap implementation decreased the probability of delinquency rates of loans by about 20 % in 12 months on average compared to credits granted before the realization of the DSTI cap. We provide evidence on the importance of loan size heterogeneity across time when estimating the impact of macro-prudential intervention, which is partly overlooked in the existing literature. Finally, our results suggest that macroprudential and monetary policy tools can be complementary depending on the specific business cycle developments.","PeriodicalId":51505,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142200708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Economic SystemsPub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101249
Izaskun Barba, Belén Iraizoz
{"title":"The critical role of the health-care sector in promoting employment for women and migrants in the EU. A multicountry input-output analysis","authors":"Izaskun Barba, Belén Iraizoz","doi":"10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101249","url":null,"abstract":"A disproportionate concentration of women in low-pay and low-status sectors is a trend that has grown in significance with the globalization of production systems. For the health and social care sector, this has interesting socio-spatial implications, particularly in terms of immigration, the dimensions of which are worth investigating. This study employs the novel extended multiregional input-output FIGARO database to estimate the employment-generating capacity of the sector in the EU28, with a focus on the gender and geographic origin of its workers. The analysis takes into account both indirect and induced effects and considers both cross-country and cross-sectoral linkages. The findings identify the healthcare sector as a key source of employment for both national and immigrant women in more than half of EU countries. At the same time, this sector contributes to the earnings disadvantage experienced by women, which suggest that equality policies should consider the sectoral distribution of employment.","PeriodicalId":51505,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141947932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Economic SystemsPub Date : 2024-06-20DOI: 10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101244
Daniel Nigohosyan, Iglika Vassileva, Albena Vutsova
{"title":"The effects of EU grants on SMEs: Evidence from Bulgaria","authors":"Daniel Nigohosyan, Iglika Vassileva, Albena Vutsova","doi":"10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101244","url":null,"abstract":"The paper explores the effects of European Union (EU) support on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Bulgaria in the 2014–2020 programming period. In particular, it applies two standard counterfactual techniques (Difference-in-Differences and Propensity Score Matching) to review a 200-million EUR scheme under the Operational Programme ‘Innovation and Competitiveness’ (2014–2020). The analysis shows a positive and statistically significant effect of the grants on the assets of the supported companies. Some positive effects on the SMEs' revenues and revenues per employee have also been observed. However, the paper finds no evidence that the SME grants have supported the companies' profitability and employment. Thus, the findings raise questions about the design of grant schemes supporting competitiveness, which may lead to selecting better-performing companies (‘cherry-picking’) without providing any substantial positive effects.","PeriodicalId":51505,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141550645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Economic SystemsPub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ecosys.2023.101175
Rosanna Pittiglio
{"title":"Counterfeiting and firm survival. Evidence from the Italian manufacturing industry","authors":"Rosanna Pittiglio","doi":"10.1016/j.ecosys.2023.101175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecosys.2023.101175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using a dataset obtained by matching and merging three major databases, this paper investigates the impact of counterfeiting on firm survival in a sample of Italian manufacturing firms established between 2004–2006. This paper contributes to the literature on firm survival, which has identified firm-level characteristics, macroeconomic conditions and institutional features as key contributing factors to growth and survival probability among firms. The topic is hugely significant since this illegal competition may displace and damage the firms that produce genuine products. Overall, our analysis finds that the presence of counterfeit products negatively affects the chances of firms surviving. Moreover, after performing an in-depth analysis, we find that the presence of counterfeit products affects firms operating in lower tech sectors and smaller in size. Our evidence, which is robust to an alternative measure of counterfeiting and different estimation methods, provides room for policy interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51505,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems","volume":"48 2","pages":"Article 101175"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0939362523001140/pdfft?md5=c80cd8ea070d6b7ab37ed69a673429fd&pid=1-s2.0-S0939362523001140-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139079193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Economic SystemsPub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101183
Giulio Palomba, Marco Tedeschi
{"title":"Contagion among European financial indices, evidence from a quantile VAR approach","authors":"Giulio Palomba, Marco Tedeschi","doi":"10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The aim of this paper is to analyze the dynamic relationships binding European financial market indices over the decade 2013–2022. In particular, we estimate a quantile VAR to study spillovers in different volatility scenarios using a measure of realised volatility robust to jumps and microstructural noise. Our results reveal that, especially for low quantiles, the degree of implied interconnectedness between the indices is affected negatively by the Brexit and the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, while it augments after the Covid-19 pandemic occurrence. We also found that the EU central markets (Belgian, Dutch, French, and German) are important for the stability of the Eurozone system when uncertainty increases. On the other hand, the Italian and Portuguese markets transmit spillovers when volatility is high, whereas when the volatility is moderate or reduced, they absorb spillovers. The role of Scandinavian markets is mixed since the Finnish and Swedish markets are spillover emitters, while the Danish and the Norwegian emit only when the volatility is high. Our empirical analysis provides valuable information to policymakers, practitioners, and </span>financial institutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51505,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems","volume":"48 2","pages":"Article 101183"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139515228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Economic SystemsPub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101225
Celso J. Costa Junior , Alejandro C. Garcia-Cintado
{"title":"Adding an informal sector to the IS-LM framework: A graphical exposition of the IS-LM-PC-SE model for the classroom and policymaker","authors":"Celso J. Costa Junior , Alejandro C. Garcia-Cintado","doi":"10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Economic policies have been shown to affect the macroeconomy in a different fashion when a sizeable shadow economy is explicitly taken into account. But, in spite of its seemingly high relevance, no intermediate-Macroeconomics textbook posits a discussion on this topic. In this paper, we seek to make a contribution by extending an otherwise conventional IS-MR-PC model along the same lines of the approach used in Blanchard’s highly acclaimed textbook (<span>Blanchard, 2016a)</span> to include an informal sector. We find that this two-sector model is capable of qualitatively reproducing the main basic results obtained in this literature. Therefore, importantly, this work provides a toolkit intended for undergraduate students, practitioners, policymakers, and, in general, nonspecialists on the cost-benefit analysis of economic policies in the presence of a significant underground economy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51505,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems","volume":"48 2","pages":"Article 101225"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0939362524000475/pdfft?md5=99fa8e4251d7515d2f7c17bfdf5756bc&pid=1-s2.0-S0939362524000475-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141040693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Economic SystemsPub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ecosys.2023.101176
Uluc Aysun , Karlia Clarke , Oronde Small
{"title":"Capital outflow restrictions and dollar drainage","authors":"Uluc Aysun , Karlia Clarke , Oronde Small","doi":"10.1016/j.ecosys.2023.101176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecosys.2023.101176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper identifies foreign cross-listings as a potential drain on reserves and a source of vulnerability to capital reversals for host nations. Simulations of a reasonably calibrated portfolio choice model demonstrate that restrictions on the outflow side of capital markets are most effective in mitigating this vulnerability for Jamaica. A panel data and Jamaica specific empirical analysis that distinguishes between outflow and inflow restrictions shows that it is inflow, and not outflow, restrictions that are negatively related to the total amount of capital in the economy. Outflow restrictions, therefore, are preferable to inflow restrictions as they prevent reserve drainage without stunting capital market growth. Institution-level evidence, however, indicates that outflow restrictions limit local financial institutions’ ability to hedge local and global risks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51505,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems","volume":"48 2","pages":"Article 101176"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139499733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Economic SystemsPub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101189
Quan Dong , Juan Carlos Bárcena-Ruiz , María Begoña Garzón
{"title":"Cooperation between governments to set up public firms","authors":"Quan Dong , Juan Carlos Bárcena-Ruiz , María Begoña Garzón","doi":"10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper analyzes cooperation between governments to set up a public firm and decide what percentage of that firm each of them owns. A symmetric model is assumed, with two countries and one domestic private firm in each country. Firms produce a homogeneous good and have quadratic cost functions. The counterintuitive result emerges that there are two equilibria, in each of which one government has a higher percentage of ownership in the public firm than the other. We extend the analysis to consider other factors that may influence the distribution of ownership of the firm between the countries: Heterogeneous goods, constant marginal cost of production, inequality in the number of private firms existing in each country, and different numbers of consumers in each country.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51505,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems","volume":"48 2","pages":"Article 101189"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0939362524000116/pdfft?md5=4b4fb7ea788bc015cc0079eadec106a5&pid=1-s2.0-S0939362524000116-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139510037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does country risk rating explain shadow banking development? Insights from advanced and emerging market economies","authors":"Seyed Alireza Athari , Mugabil Isayev , Farid Irani","doi":"10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study fills a research gap by specifically investigating the effect of country risk rating (CR) on shadow banking (SB) development from a global perspective using a dynamic panel estimation approach covering the period 2010–2019. Furthermore, the study explores whether a country's characteristics impact this nexus by grouping countries into advanced and emerging market economies based on their development level. To the best of our knowledge, few empirical studies have been conducted looking into this relationship from this perspective, and these findings open a new debate in banking literature. The empirical results reveal that CR positively impacts SB in advanced, emerging, and global samples of countries, implying that lower vulnerability to risk factors<span><span> causes SB expansion. In addition, the results highlight that traditional macroeconomic and institutional factors impact SB development, although the extent of the effect and statistical significance of the factors vary and depend on countries' development levels. Remarkably, the empirical results confirm the validity of the complementarity and regulatory arbitrage hypotheses and support the possible asymmetric implications of </span>monetary policy on SB. The results are robust when alternative model specifications are used and have significant implications for policymakers and regulatory bodies.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":51505,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems","volume":"48 2","pages":"Article 101192"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139586695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Economic SystemsPub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101220
Thiago Christiano Silva , Paulo Ricardo Mendes Valença , Benjamin Miranda Tabak
{"title":"Economic performance of exporting sectors: Evidence for manufacturing in Brazil","authors":"Thiago Christiano Silva , Paulo Ricardo Mendes Valença , Benjamin Miranda Tabak","doi":"10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecosys.2024.101220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigated the resilience of exporting manufacturing sectors during the Brazilian domestic recession (2014–2016) using data from various sources at the Brazilian state-sector level. We propose a new identification strategy that gauges a sector’s exposure to the recession by examining its current position in the international demand cycle, deemed exogenous from the viewpoint of a local exporter in Brazil. Following the two-year Brazilian recession, we observe a persistent negative effect on exporting sectors that are more reliant on domestic economic activity (and thus more vulnerable to the domestic recession) than those less reliant on domestic economic activity (less exposed to the domestic recession). Sectors with lower labor productivity and higher technological intensity were less resilient during the domestic recession, as revenues declined and financing costs increased substantially. Given the critical role of exports in regional economic growth, this study contributes to the formulation of public policies by documenting the economic performance of exporting sectors during periods of economic stress.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51505,"journal":{"name":"Economic Systems","volume":"48 2","pages":"Article 101220"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140756590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}