Development Policy Review最新文献

{"title":"Assessing infrastructure projects funded by World Bank and Chinese financial institutions: A case study of Sri Lanka","authors":"Clara Chedid,&nbsp;Montserrat Ferré,&nbsp;Mercedes Teruel","doi":"10.1111/dpr.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study uses Sri Lanka as a case study to explore and compare the outcomes of projects funded by both the World Bank and Chinese financial institutions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Approach and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>By constructing a distinctive metric and rubric-based framework for data analysis and empirical evaluation, the research employs statistical tools such as the two-sample <i>t</i>-test, Mann–Whitney <i>U</i> test, and probit regression to examine the effectiveness of these projects. This innovative approach enables a comprehensive assessment of project performance, offering critical insights into overall impact and efficiency.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings suggest that World Bank-funded projects, especially loans, are more effective than those financed by Chinese institutions, probably due to the latter's higher levels of opacity. Adherence to the original budget and timeframe of projects also contributes significantly to project effectiveness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Policy Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results of this analysis offer insights into key factors relating to the effectiveness of infrastructure projects. This study also underlines the importance of the project implementation process, which has valuable implications for other nations and international development institutions in terms of improving project outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51478,"journal":{"name":"Development Policy Review","volume":"43 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dpr.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Policy for Trans People: Lessons from Brazil for Social Inclusion","authors":"João Vitor Rodrigues Gonçalves,&nbsp;Liziane Angelotti Meira","doi":"10.1111/dpr.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Motivation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In Brazil, as elsewhere, trans people are often subjected to a historical process of social exclusion. This phenomenon not only perpetuates discriminatory attitudes but also actively prevents the participation of this community in society. Consequently, social marginalisation becomes not only a method of survival, but also an involuntary decision for a large part of this minority.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Brazil's Transcidadania Programme, created in 2015, can be interpreted as a solution to reverse this scenario. This study aims to identify, describe and analyse the model of social reintegration used in the programme.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Approach and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used a single case study as the main methodological resource of this qualitative research due to the uniqueness of the programme, combined with semi-structured interviews with key actors in the programme.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The social reintegration model of the Transcidadania programme is structured around three pillars: (1) reception; (2) incentive; and (3) monitoring. Our results indicate that the model, as well as being considered institutionally viable, presents a simplified structure that can be replicated. This study can contribute to the discussions on the analysis of affirmative policies targeting sexual minorities, a focus considered scarce within affirmative policy studies. In practical terms, our findings will be of value to policymakers looking to establish and develop public policies for trans people and other sexual minorities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Political implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Access to citizenship for trans people is a challenge worldwide. There are few policies and programmes aimed at changing this situation. For this reason, we believe that the model adopted by Transcidadania could be considered an initiative capable of being disseminated to nations that, like Brazil, face serious human rights violations and controversial political contexts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51478,"journal":{"name":"Development Policy Review","volume":"43 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dpr.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"African regional economic policy-making: Understanding and catalysing the potentials of think tanks","authors":"Peter Taylor,&nbsp;Maria Alejandra Ormeño Oviedo","doi":"10.1111/dpr.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Motivation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As the demand for evidence to inform African regional economic policy-making grows, think tanks are facing a range of challenges that constrain their organizational sustainability. Recent initiatives offering more flexible support to African think tanks underscore the need for a deeper understanding of these critical knowledge actors and how best to enable and strengthen their work.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The article asks: how can the potential of African think tanks to support African regional economic policy-making be understood and catalysed? It examines ways in which evidence informs African regional economic policy-making processes and the potential roles for African think tanks; reflects on opportunities and constraints they face in shaping and informing regional policy; and on the extent to which different forms of support help them strengthen their contributions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Approach and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The article draws on grey and published literature, including experiences from the Think Tank Initiative (TTI), a 10-year programme of strengthening institutional research capacity for over 40 think tanks in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Demand for evidence by regional economic policy actors is increasing, alongside a growing appreciation of African think tanks as evidence providers, intermediaries, and key knowledge interlocutors. While long-term, flexible financial support to think tanks remains rare, funding that strengthens institutional resources, including infrastructure and research management, seems crucial in supporting long-term, sustained programmes of Africa-led research on priorities identified in the continent.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Policy implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>African think tanks play critical roles in generating evidence for use in national and regional policy-making, by conducting rigorous and impartial research through partnerships characterized by integrity, trust, respect, and equity. They help counter forces that are ill-informed or seek to curtail or derail democratic public policy-making, adoption, and implementation. By facilitating engagement with a wide range of stakeholders around policy issues, they greatly improve the likelihood of evidence uptake and use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51478,"journal":{"name":"Development Policy Review","volume":"43 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dpr.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data Management for Sustainable Development: Case Analyses of Small Island Developing States (SIDS)","authors":"Kalim U. Shah,&nbsp;Ilan Kelman","doi":"10.1111/dpr.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Motivation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sustainable development in Small Island Developing States (SIDS) faces persistent governance challenges stemming from institutional constraints, fragmented data systems, and limited stakeholder collaboration. Leveraging diverse data sources and integrating Indigenous knowledge alongside local experiences are critical to overcoming these challenges and enhancing policy effectiveness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to evaluate how governance models in SIDS can effectively utilize both “big” data (large-scale quantitative datasets) and “small” data (qualitative insights and Indigenous knowledge) to strengthen decision-making processes, enhance collaboration among stakeholders, and support sustainable development goals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Approach and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The research employs comparative case studies from Mauritius, the Marshall Islands, Suriname, and Antigua and Barbuda. It specifically investigates practices of inter-agency coordination, community participation, and hybrid capacity-building. Data collection methods include qualitative analysis of governance frameworks, stakeholder interviews, and assessments of integrated data management systems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We highlight successful strategies for improving data robustness and usability, such as establishing integrated data management platforms, explicitly incorporating Indigenous knowledge and local expertise into policy formation, and adapting implementation practices to the unique contexts of each island state. These practices significantly enhance collaboration, transparency, and data-driven decision-making capabilities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Policy Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We emphasize the establishment and strengthening of regional data-sharing platforms and collaborative governance models that promote adaptability, inclusivity, and transparency. Policymakers are encouraged to systematically integrate local and Indigenous knowledge with formal scientific data, thereby facilitating continuous learning, informed policy formulation, and improved sustainability outcomes for SIDS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51478,"journal":{"name":"Development Policy Review","volume":"43 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can ODA enable autocratic entrenchment? Investigating donor-driven cash transfer programmes in Uganda, Ethiopia, and Egypt","authors":"Guido Maschhaupt,&nbsp;Ahmed El Assal,&nbsp;Petronilla Wandeto","doi":"10.1111/dpr.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Motivation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An increasing share of ODA goes to electoral autocratic states. This is concerning because aid carries the risk of entrenching existing power inequalities in recipient states, especially more autocratic ones. Western donors may not be well equipped to navigate these risks, given their own incentive structures to focus on concrete, technical, and short-term results, as opposed to broader political concerns.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One area of particular concern is cash transfers, which are both a major policy priority for Western donors and a policy area with well-documented political benefits for the regimes that implement them.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article examines the potentially negative and long-term political consequences that donor support for cash transfers in electoral autocratic states can have on autocratic entrenchment.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It focuses on three case studies of cash transfer programmes in electoral autocratic states: the Senior Citizens’ Grant in Uganda, the Productive Safety Net Programme in Ethiopia, and the <i>Takaful</i> and <i>Karama</i> programme in Egypt.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Approach and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article applies comparative political economy analysis to three case studies, drawing on existing political analyses in journals, reports, and other secondary data and grey literature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cash transfer programmes can be used by ruling regimes to legitimize themselves, to co-opt opposition groups, or to compensate for other unpopular reforms. As such, their long-term developmental impact can be jeopardized. Specific donor-influencing strategies can have the unintended effect of reinforcing regime entrenchment when they participate in clientelist logic, use financial leverage, and exclude civil society from the policy process.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Policy implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Donors and policy-makers have a duty of care to think more critically about the appropriateness of development interventions in autocratic states. The negative long-term political consequences of cash transfer programmes may be less tangible than the short-term benefits to recipients, but they could outweigh them in the long run.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51478,"journal":{"name":"Development Policy Review","volume":"43 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dpr.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital literacy evangelists in Rwanda: A case study of the Digital Ambassador Programme","authors":"In Cheol Jang","doi":"10.1111/dpr.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Motivation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rwanda's Digital Ambassador Programme (DAP) aims to increase the digital literacy of Rwandans to 60% by 2024, enabling them to use electronic government services and participate in the digital economy. However, the DAP faces various challenges which have yet to be studied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines the challenges that Digital Ambassadors (DAs) face and answers two research questions: what obstacles do DAs encounter in improving citizens' digital literacy? How do these challenges affect the sustainability of the DAP?</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Approach and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study employs a qualitative case study methodology that involves six rural sites over three weeks. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews with DAs, surveys to capture wider views and observations of digital literacy training and Service Access Points. This multifaceted approach allowed for a holistic understanding of the barriers faced in the field.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study identifies a significant misalignment between the DAP objectives and digital literacy measurement. In addition, the other challenges identified, such as DAs not being well trained and lack of institutional support, hinder the sustainability of the DAP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Policy implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study demonstrates that digital literacy measurements need to be refined to reflect the objectives of the DAP. Additionally, DA training is crucial to improving citizens' digital literacy, and the government needs to identify the areas where hidden costs remain. Addressing these issues is necessary not only for the success and sustainability of the DAP but also for generalizability to other low-income countries facing crucial challenges in the process of digital transformation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51478,"journal":{"name":"Development Policy Review","volume":"43 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Competition or collaboration? EU and Chinese engagement with aquaculture sustainability in Africa","authors":"Fatime L. Traore,&nbsp;Lin Zhang,&nbsp;Yuan Yuan,&nbsp;Annah Lake Zhu,&nbsp;Simon R. Bush","doi":"10.1111/dpr.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Motivation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sustainability of aquaculture worldwide is increasingly shaped by international relations. The European Union (EU) and China have considerable influence on the sustainability of the industry, both domestically and globally. However, little is known about the similarities and differences between the region and country that govern aquaculture sustainability internally and how they shape the sustainability of the sector in other parts of the world, including rapidly developing aquaculture regions in Africa.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We assess the domestic governance of sustainability in aquaculture in the EU and China. We then analyse the extent to which these two areas translate their internal sustainability goals into aquaculture-related development cooperation with African countries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Approach and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We undertook a scoping review of domestic policy for the sustainable development of aquaculture in the EU and China. We reviewed EU and Chinese development projects, financing, and trade policies supporting aquaculture development in Africa. The findings of these reviews were validated in a workshop.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although the EU and China express similar technical and environmental concerns, they differ in their governance of their domestic aquaculture sectors. Similarly, at the international level, while both the EU and China have explicitly committed to promote sustainable aquaculture overseas, their approaches to achieving these ambitions through development cooperation differ substantially. EU cooperation includes creating (ambitious) norms for sustainability in Africa. China avoids influencing the domestic policies of African countries, preferring to provide training and technical cooperation.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our comparison reveals areas of existing competition between the EU and China in the development of aquaculture internationally, but also overlooked areas of potential complementarity and cooperation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Policy implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings contribute to an improved understanding of aquaculture governance and enable the exploration of possibilities for greater alignment between EU and Chinese interventions in aquaculture around the world.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51478,"journal":{"name":"Development Policy Review","volume":"43 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dpr.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of sovereign risk and debt-side governance on cross-border infrastructure risk premium in a developing nation: The case of Kenya","authors":"Salome Oyuga,&nbsp;Edward Godfrey Ochieng,&nbsp;Geoffrey Ngene","doi":"10.1111/dpr.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Motivation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Developing countries' reliance on foreign capital for large-scale infrastructure projects makes sovereign risk premium and debt-side governance practices key determinants of cross-border infrastructure risk premiums.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study estimates the effect of international sovereign bond spreads (systematic risk) and debt-side governance (unsystematic risk) on cross-border infrastructure risk premiums in Kenya's major infrastructure projects from 2011 to 2020.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Approach and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We use pooled and random-effects panel data analysis of secondary data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings show that rising international sovereign bond spreads (ranging from 9.6% to 32.39%), corruption levels, external debt-to-import ratios, loan utilization rates, disbursement delays, and climate risk disclosure significantly contributed to increasing cross-border infrastructure risk premiums. The interaction between bond spreads and corruption had a compounding effect in increasing cross-border infrastructure risk premiums. On the other hand, longer loan maturities, higher internal rates of return, substantial government involvement, and a rising external debt to total investment ratio reduce project risk premiums.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Policy implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings underscore the need for Kenya's modern Public Debt Management Office and infrastructure execution institutions to reduce external borrowing costs through governance reforms that improve transparency, project oversight, and environmental standards. By strengthening debt-side governance, Kenya can reduce its external borrowing costs and improve the sustainability of infrastructure-led debt. As such, the study offers actionable insights for low- and middle-income countries, emphasizing the role of modern sovereign debt management tools that target sustainability and strategic governance reforms at the project level in attracting more favourable borrowing rates for infrastructure financing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51478,"journal":{"name":"Development Policy Review","volume":"43 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financing development at a crossroads: What's at stake and what reforms are needed?","authors":"Annalisa Prizzon","doi":"10.1111/dpr.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.70009","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Finance may not be a sufficient ingredient for development&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, but it is a necessary one. The need for finance to address crises and the consequences of these for development is mounting. The COVID-19 pandemic slowed or even reversed development trajectories in many low- and middle-income countries. Global and national development goals are now further away, and to make progress require more finance than was initially estimated. The impact of cross-border challenges, notably climate change, has become more tangible and widespread. We not only have more crises, but also longer-lasting ones, blurring even further the line between humanitarian and development assistance. Urgent action is needed to turn the tide.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;But finance is either insufficient or doesn't reach the countries most in need&lt;/b&gt;. Traditional foreign aid might have gone up in absolute terms, but the main drivers of this increase have been growing assistance to Ukraine and more spending to support refugees in donor countries (counted as foreign aid despite being spent domestically). In early 2025, many development partners—including Belgium, the Netherlands, and the UK—announced significant cuts to their development budgets. As we write, the largest development partner by volume of assistance and reach, the United States—has slashed its foreign aid programmes at a single stroke.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;At the same time, &lt;b&gt;the&lt;/b&gt; donor architecture has become more and more complex, &lt;b&gt;with a proliferation of bilateral and multilateral donors and facilities&lt;/b&gt;. A highly fragmented system of donor providers translates into greater pressure on the public systems of the Global South, higher transaction costs, and fewer economies of scale.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Changes to the operations and business models of multilateral development banks (MDBs) have dominated the debate about the reform of the international financial architecture&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Despite MDBs being among the few financiers providing relatively cheap loans, their financial contributions remain a drop in the ocean. Private investors find it too risky to invest in frontier markets. The highly touted shift from “billions to trillions,” which anticipated that government funding and efforts would attract significant private investments for sustainable development, has failed to materialize.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;A debt crisis is looming&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. It might not be as widespread as in the 1990s and early 2000s, but it can have profound consequences in countries where servicing debt obligations consumes a larger slice of the budget than health and education spending. Ten years ago, borrowing from capital markets became attractive for many frontier markets when conditions were favourable. Rolling over or refinancing those obligations is now, however, proving expensive or impossible, as market interest rates have increased.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Tense geopolitical relations between global powers are also restricting progress in reforming the governance of the intern","PeriodicalId":51478,"journal":{"name":"Development Policy Review","volume":"43 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dpr.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women in the Indian labour market: Juxtaposed between time and work","authors":"Pallavi Gupta,&nbsp;Falguni Pattanaik","doi":"10.1111/dpr.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Motivation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study is motivated by the persistent low participation in the labour force of women in India, largely attributed to the burden of unpaid domestic and caregiving work. There is a notable lack of empirical studies on this issue due to the previous absence of comprehensive time-use data. This research aims to fill this gap by exploring the impact of unpaid care work using the latest Indian time-use data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is an empirical study that investigates the influence of unpaid domestic and caregiving work on the labour-force participation and employment choices of women in India. Additionally, the study explores the extent of time poverty among working women and identifies its causes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and approach</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study has utilized Time Use in India data 2019. To examine the impact of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics as well as unpaid domestic and caregiving work on labour-force participation and nature of employment of women, the study has employed logistic regression and multinomial logistic regression, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings revealed that the time devoted to unpaid domestic and caregiving work reduces the probability of women participating in the labour market. An increase in time invested in unpaid domestic and caregiving work raises the likelihood of women opting for self-employment. In addition, women workers in India experience higher levels of time poverty than their male counterparts, and this gender disparity in time poverty persists across all employment categories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Policy Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To include women in the labour market, it is imperative to recognize, reduce, and redistribute women's unpaid domestic and caregiving work and invest in care-friendly policies at workplaces to reduce time poverty among women workers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51478,"journal":{"name":"Development Policy Review","volume":"43 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}