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Do large, sustained economic freedom reforms hurt or improve women's economic rights?
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102671
Tibor Rutar
{"title":"Do large, sustained economic freedom reforms hurt or improve women's economic rights?","authors":"Tibor Rutar","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Does economic freedom come at the expense of women's economic rights, or does it instead help improve them? Presently, there are almost no studies investigating this issue, and what evidence exists is mostly correlational. This paper presents findings from matching analyses with the explicit aim of addressing the likely endogenous relationship between economic freedom and respect for women's economic rights. Using the latest data (up to 2022), estimates from matching methods, as well as supplementary regressions based on conditional mixed-processes, all point to economic freedom having an improving effect. Two components of economic freedom – sound money and freedom of international trade – seem most likely to drive the aggregate result. The uncovered positive aggregate effect is robust to an extensive set of control variables, tweaks in the operationalization of treatment, and varying the post-treatment period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51439,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Political Economy","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 102671"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Random walks into democracy and back: The case against causal explanations of democratization
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102667
Thomas Apolte
{"title":"Random walks into democracy and back: The case against causal explanations of democratization","authors":"Thomas Apolte","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the complexity of historical processes that have led into sustainable democracy, determining generally applicable theories of democratization without violating standards of modern methodology is difficult if not impossible. Hence, we follow an alternative avenue by distinguishing singular democratization events from the politico-institutional soil on which they fall. We represent the latter by the type of loyalty on which government officials coordinate in cases of loyalty conflicts: either to other government officials; or to the rules of the underlying power-sharing arrangement. We embed our results in a dynamic framework and then run a number of simulations that reconstruct possible historical paths into and out of (sustainable) democracy. We demonstrate that the evolution of sustainable democracy, but also its demise, may evolve out of a purely random walk, i.e. a sequence of serially — although not necessarily spatially — uncorrelated historical events, rather than out of any identifiable and generalizable causal driver.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51439,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Political Economy","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 102667"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How do local governments and housing markets respond to demographic information shocks? Evidence from Japan’s Extinction Risk List
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102663
Shinya Inukai
{"title":"How do local governments and housing markets respond to demographic information shocks? Evidence from Japan’s Extinction Risk List","authors":"Shinya Inukai","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many countries face the prospect of shrinking populations. I use a unique event—the publication of a list of Japanese municipalities at risk of extinction by 2040—to estimate the impacts of declining populations on municipalities and housing markets using difference-in-differences models. The results show that the shock increases of 23.5% in regional development spending and 11.5% in child-oriented spending and a decrease of 3.67% in housing sales prices. Notably, by using the score information calculated for the judgment of possible extinction, I obtain a consistent result when limiting the sample to municipalities with a score close to the judgment threshold. This supports the interpretation that the effects on local government policy and housing markets are due to the adverse signal caused by the list publication rather than the demographic trends.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51439,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Political Economy","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 102663"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fiscal policy preferences: Evidence from conjoint experiments in Poland
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102664
Jakub Bartak , Łukasz Jabłoński , Katarzyna Obłąkowska
{"title":"Fiscal policy preferences: Evidence from conjoint experiments in Poland","authors":"Jakub Bartak ,&nbsp;Łukasz Jabłoński ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Obłąkowska","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper examines public preferences for fiscal policy in Poland using two complementary Adaptive Choice-Based Conjoint (ACBC) experiments on a representative sample of Polish adults. The first experiment – the expenditure conjoint – tests whether and how much respondents are willing to pay in higher taxes to secure additional public services in several crucial domains. The second experiment – the tax conjoint – follows up on these findings by asking how citizens would prefer to pay, testing support for alternative tax solutions. Each proposed tax package is budget neutral, but varies in how burdens are distributed, allowing for an assessment of progressive versus regressive preferences. The study finds support for increased government spending in key policy areas (defense, health, education, and pensions), accompanied by a willingness to finance these expansions through higher taxes. Despite the conventional view of Poland as tax-averse, many respondents appear willing to accept higher taxes if they perceive tangible returns. The results show also a clear preference for tax solutions that shift the burden toward better-off individuals and enhance tax progression. Overall, these findings suggest that, even in tax-skeptical contexts, public preferences can align in favor of higher taxes when benefits are clearly communicated and fairness concerns are addressed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51439,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Political Economy","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 102664"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Education and tolerance towards Homosexuality—Evidence from China
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102662
Jiajun Han , Yuan Zhang
{"title":"Education and tolerance towards Homosexuality—Evidence from China","authors":"Jiajun Han ,&nbsp;Yuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Once education is devoid of liberty-related concepts, like civil liberty and nonconformity, could it still change attitudes to homosexuality, especially in developing countries? Using China's enactment of compulsory schooling laws in the 1980s, which shaped noticeable kinks with less evident jumps in educational attainment across cohorts, this paper shows that an improvement in education increased tolerance towards homosexuality, measured in the 2010s, by employing a regression probability jump and kink design. Assessing distributional effects, the marginal treatment effect approach suggests the liberalizing effects of secondary education are most pronounced for those with the highest resistance to high school completion. Furthermore, the education-boosted preference for internet usage, richness of cultural activities, gentler ambience of working and egalitarian gender view might underlie the potential mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51439,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Political Economy","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 102662"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reform windfall as redistribution: A survey experiment on redistributive preferences in contemporary China 作为再分配的改革意外之财：当代中国再分配偏好调查实验
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102651
Margot Belguise , Nora Yuqian Chen , Yuchen Huang , Zhexun Mo
{"title":"Reform windfall as redistribution: A survey experiment on redistributive preferences in contemporary China","authors":"Margot Belguise ,&nbsp;Nora Yuqian Chen ,&nbsp;Yuchen Huang ,&nbsp;Zhexun Mo","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>China has experienced a remarkable rise in living standards over four decades of economic reforms, alongside a tremendous increase in inequalities. In this context, do Chinese people support redistribution of wealth gained through reform windfalls? To answer this question, we conducted an online survey experiment with a nationally representative sample from China (<em>N</em> = 2<em>,</em>000). The treatment group was shown examples of wealth acquired through typical reform-era pathways requiring minimal ability or effort. This exposure led to a 0.1 standard deviation decrease in their support for redistribution. We propose a “reform windfall as redistribution” mechanism to explain this reduction: the treated group perceives the reform era as inherently redistributive, providing opportunities to escape systemic inequalities tied to the political system, thereby reducing the perceived need for formal redistribution. This decline in support is not driven by changes in fairness perceptions, as respondents do not attribute the wealth acquisition scenarios to ability or effort, nor do they view them as distinctly fair or unfair. Furthermore, we find limited evidence of heterogeneity, with one exception: individuals reporting higher economic pressure show an even greater reduction in redistributive support when exposed to the treatment. We hypothesize that this occurs because unmet expectations for upward mobility exacerbate their reactions to the treatment scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51439,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Political Economy","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 102651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Does inter-municipal cooperation reduce the intensity of tax competition? Evidence on inter-local industrial parks in Germany
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102649
Ivo Bischoff, Sourav Das, Reinhold Kosfeld
{"title":"Does inter-municipal cooperation reduce the intensity of tax competition? Evidence on inter-local industrial parks in Germany","authors":"Ivo Bischoff,&nbsp;Sourav Das,&nbsp;Reinhold Kosfeld","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We ask whether inter-municipal cooperation serve as a platform by which municipalities coordinate tax policies and reduce the intensity of tax competition. Specifically, we focus on inter-municipal cooperation in form of inter-local industrial parks. We apply the case study-oriented synthetic control method (SCM) to analyze the causal impact of 12 inter-local industrial parks on municipal tax-setting behavior using data on municipalities from West-German states of Hesse and North Rhine Westphalia between 2000 and 2018. We find evidence that inter-local industrial parks lead to tax coordination in some occasions but not in others. Our ex post analysis suggests that tax coordination only takes place in specific political constellations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51439,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Political Economy","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 102649"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Politics in the facebook era. Evidence from the 2016 US presidential elections
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102641
Federica Liberini , Michela Redoano , Antonio Russo , Angel Cuevas , Ruben Cuevas
{"title":"Politics in the facebook era. Evidence from the 2016 US presidential elections","authors":"Federica Liberini ,&nbsp;Michela Redoano ,&nbsp;Antonio Russo ,&nbsp;Angel Cuevas ,&nbsp;Ruben Cuevas","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social media allow political campaigns to reach specific groups of voters with unprecedented precision, yet the effect on voting behaviour of this political micro-targeting is still uncertain. To identify this effect we match survey data with a novel indicator of Facebook political ads intensity, based on audience-specific ad prices and collected during the 2016 US presidential campaign. We find that being exposed to Facebook micro-targeted ads reduced the likelihood of persuading Democrat respondents to cast the ballot in favour of the Democrat candidate and, on the other hand, it increased the likelihood of persuading Republicans and residents of traditionally red or swing states to switch their vote in favour of Mr Trump. A counterfactual analysis exercise exploring the effect on voter mobilisation and persuasion of varying the intensity of political campaigning on Facebook confirms that Trump was the primary beneficiary of micro-targeted ad campaigns on Facebook.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51439,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Political Economy","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 102641"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The economic consequences of businesspeople in politics: A survey
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102620
Niklas Potrafke
{"title":"The economic consequences of businesspeople in politics: A survey","authors":"Niklas Potrafke","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To which extent does business experience of politicians influence economic policies and economic outcomes? I review the new empirical literature which examines this question. The survey encompasses the literature on business politicians at the national, sub-national and local level. The results show that business politicians were active in promoting globalization and market-oriented economic reforms and influenced budget composition. Business politicians prioritized public investment expenditure and increased spending on infrastructure, roads and transport. They decreased spending on public consumption and transfers. The market-oriented policies translated into effects on economic outcomes. In the US states, for example, market-oriented policies of business politicians increased economic growth. Future research should examine how businesspeople in parliament influence economic policies and outcomes and employ survey experiments to investigate voters’ perceptions of business politicians.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51439,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Political Economy","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 102620"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of economic sanctions on bilateral mergers and acquisitions
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102650
Federico Carril-Caccia
{"title":"The impact of economic sanctions on bilateral mergers and acquisitions","authors":"Federico Carril-Caccia","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2025.102650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper quantifies the effects of economic sanctions on bilateral cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions (M&amp;As) using a gravity model. It examines (1) the direct impact of sanctions on M&amp;As from the sanctioning to the sanctioned country; (2) whether a significant share of M&amp;As employs transit countries to circumvent sanctions; and (3) the heterogeneous effects of sanctions on M&amp;As, considering whether they are imposed by a coalition of countries, the income levels of the sanctioning and sanctioned countries, as well as by sector and by type of restrictions imposed by sanctions. The results indicate that sanctions lead to a 13.5% reduction in bilateral M&amp;As, and that the role of transit countries in circumventing them is limited. The negative effect is more pronounced when sanctions are imposed by a coalition of countries or target low-to-middle-income countries. The effects vary significantly across sectors and types of sanctions. At the sectoral level, the mining and quarrying, and manufacturing sectors are less affected compared to others. Sanctions that combine restrictions on trade, financial flows, and travel have the most severe impact, reducing the number of M&amp;A projects by between 55% and 76%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51439,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Political Economy","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 102650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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