Journal of Aging and Health最新文献

{"title":"Learning Barriers, Engagement, and Interests Among Low-Income Latino Older Adults: Highlighting the Privilege of Learning and Retirement.","authors":"Tania M Rodriguez, Xitlaly Neri, Rachel Wu","doi":"10.1177/08982643241309135","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08982643241309135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivesEngagement in learning new skills can potentially foster cognitive and functional growth among low-income Latinos, a population at high risk for developing Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. However, they may face unique barriers to learning. The present qualitative study identified learning barriers, learning engagement, and learning interests among low-income Latino older adults.MethodsTwenty Spanish-speaking participants were interviewed utilizing a semi-structured interview protocol. The data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.ResultsSome of the identified barriers include lacking good health, finances, learning opportunities, technology, proficiency in English, transportation, and motivation. Participants were most interested in learning technology, English, sewing skills, and culinary arts to primarily improve their financial situation.DiscussionThese findings highlight the privilege of prioritizing leisure activities for novel skill learning in old age for those with more financial resources. Our findings promote the need to provide tailored novel skill learning opportunities for underserved populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":51385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging and Health","volume":"37 3-4_suppl","pages":"53S-65S"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep Quality as a Critical Pathway Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Multimorbidity and the Impact of Lifestyle.","authors":"Julia L Sheffler, Zhuo Meng, Natalie Sachs-Ericsson, Viviana G Caimary, Juhi Patel, Scott Pickett","doi":"10.1177/08982643241237832","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08982643241237832","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to establish the effects of ACEs on multimorbidity through sleep quality and investigate whether lifestyle factors (e.g., eating habits and exercise) may influence this relationship among middle-aged and older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were drawn from a cross-sectional sample of community dwelling older adults (<i>N</i> = 276, 55+) and three waves of data from the Midlife in the United States study (MIDUS, <i>N</i> = 843). We examined the direct and indirect effects of ACEs, sleep quality, and health conditions, as well as the conditional effects of physical activity and eating habits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across both samples, sleep quality mediated the relationship between ACEs and chronic health conditions. Moderating effects of unhealthy eating and physical activity differed between samples.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Sleep quality is an important pathway connecting ACEs and adult multimorbidity, and health behaviors may provide targets for intervention particularly in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":51385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging and Health","volume":" ","pages":"167-181"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140050954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Early-Life Enrichment Associated With Better Cognitive Function Among Older Adults? Examining Home and School Environments.","authors":"Mallory J Bell, Madison R Sauerteig-Rolston, Kenneth F Ferraro","doi":"10.1177/08982643241232718","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08982643241232718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> We examine whether early-life enrichment, involving varied and stimulating activities to enhance cognitive function during childhood and adolescence, is associated with cognitive function in later life and whether the benefits persist over time. <b>Methods:</b> Growth curve models were used to examine up to five waves of data from the Health and Retirement Study-a nationally representative survey of adults 50 years and older (<i>N</i> = 10,070). We constructed separate measures of early-life enrichment to distinguish sources of influence (i.e., enriched home environment and enriched school environment). Global cognitive function was assessed with a modified version of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status. <b>Results:</b> Greater enrichment in each environment was incrementally associated with better cognitive function at baseline, but enrichment was not associated with change in cognitive function over time. <b>Discussion:</b> Receiving enrichment from multiple environments during sensitive periods of cognitive development may be advantageous for cognitive functioning in later life.</p>","PeriodicalId":51385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging and Health","volume":" ","pages":"156-166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11347713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resigned but Resilient: Caregiver Perceptions of Role Ambiguity and Quality of Care During Hospital-to-Home Transitions of Older Latinos Living With Dementia.","authors":"Sylvan Greyson, Maningbe Keita, Rhea Sharma, Sevil Yasar, Cynthia Boyd, Sarah Keller, Ayse Gurses, Quincy Samus, Alicia Arbaje","doi":"10.1177/08982643241309443","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08982643241309443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivesHospital-to-home transitions are high-risk periods, especially for Latinos living with dementia. Cultural differences may exacerbate role ambiguity-unclear patient/caregiver/provider roles. The objective was to elicit views on role ambiguity and care quality during hospital-to-home transitions of older Latinos with dementia and categorize factors shaping healthcare-related task distribution.MethodsQualitative study using semi-structured interviews with caregivers of older Latinos with dementia.ResultsInterviews with 21 caregivers indicated 1) concern about over-medication, 2) resignation over limited medication effectiveness, 3) scarcity of culturally specific resources, 4) wariness to trust medical institutions, and 5) aversion to institutional care. Factors shaping healthcare-related tasks were geographic proximity, gender roles, relationship to patient, English fluency, and work schedules.DiscussionCaregivers felt disillusioned and unsupported during care transitions. Findings suggest healthcare professionals and advocacy organizations should carefully consider efforts to connect caregivers to sources of culturally tailored, home-based support, and they could engage in concerted efforts to earn trust.</p>","PeriodicalId":51385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging and Health","volume":"37 3-4_suppl","pages":"66S-75S"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subjective Memory Problems and Social Determinants of Health on Timed Instrumental Activities of Daily Living With Older Adults in the ACTIVE Study.","authors":"Gail Wallace, Tyler R Bell, Roland J Thorpe, George W Rebok","doi":"10.1177/08982643241310997","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08982643241310997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis study examines the longitudinal relationship between subjective memory problems (SMPs) and timed instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) performance while considering the effects of depressive symptoms and the moderating role of the social determinants of health (SDHs).MethodsData from 2622 older adults in the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) randomized control trial were analyzed longitudinally, spanning up to 10 years. SMPs and timed IADL performance were assessed at each wave. The SDHs were captured using validated factors incorporating US Census data and person-level data from the ACTIVE Study. Multilevel mixed models examined associations, adjusting for demographics and the effects of depressive symptoms.ResultsMore SMPs at baseline were associated with slower timed IADL performance which rapidly became slower over time. Those older adults who experienced SMPs as they aged also experienced declines in timed IADL. These associations were influenced by socially determined health outcomes such as neighborhood and built environment, healthcare access and quality, and social and community context. Living in a better neighborhood and built environment and having access to quality healthcare weakened relationships over time between baseline SMPs and slower timed IADL performance. Better healthcare access and quality weakened the association of increases in SMPs with the slowing of timed IADL. Contrary to our prediction, living in a better social and community context, which fostered social engagement and decreased social isolation, strengthened relationships over time between baseline SMPs and slower timed IADL performance as well as the association of increases in SMPs with slower timed IADL performance over time.DiscussionMore SMPs at baseline were significantly related to slower rates of timed IADL performance over time, especially in older adults living in worse neighborhoods and built environments as well as areas with better social and community contexts. Increases in SMPs as one aged were also related to the slowing of timed IADL performance, especially in older adults living in areas with worse healthcare access and quality. Finally, our study found that higher scores on SMPs were related to slower timed IADL performance-independent of major confounds such as depressive symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":51385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging and Health","volume":"37 3-4_suppl","pages":"91S-103S"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived Balance, Balance Performance, and Falls Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Hanne R Dolan, Janet Pohl, Keenan Pituch, David W Coon","doi":"10.1177/08982643241242518","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08982643241242518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> To examine the extent to which older adults' perceived balance, a balance performance test, and fear of falling (FOF) were associated with falls in the last month. <b>Methods:</b> The Health Belief Model served as the theoretical framework. A retrospective, cross-sectional, secondary analysis using data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study was conducted (<i>N</i> = 7499). <b>Results:</b> Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds of reporting a fall in the past month were 3.3 times (<i>p</i> < .001) greater for participants who self-reported having a balance problem compared to those who did not. The Short Physical Performance Battery and FOF were not uniquely associated with falls. <b>Discussion:</b> Our findings support limited evidence suggesting that older adults' perceived balance is a better predictor of falls than balance performance. Assessing older adults' perceived balance may be a new way to assess older adults' fall risk to prevent future falls.</p>","PeriodicalId":51385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging and Health","volume":" ","pages":"233-242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140307756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What are the Correlates of Hearing Aid Use for People Living With Dementia?","authors":"Emma Hooper, Laura J E Brown, Piers Dawes, Iracema Leroi, Christopher J Armitage","doi":"10.1177/08982643241238253","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08982643241238253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify correlates of hearing aid use in people with dementia and age-related hearing loss.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of predictor variables from 239 participants with dementia and hearing loss in the European SENSE-Cog Randomized Controlled Trial (Cyprus, England, France, Greece, and Ireland).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In multivariate analysis, four variables were significantly associated with hearing aid use: greater self-perceived hearing difficulties (OR 2.61 [CI 1.04-6.55]), lower hearing acuity (OR .39 [CI .2-.56]), higher cognitive ability (OR 1.19 [CI 1.08-1.31]), and country of residence. Participants in England had significantly increased odds of use compared to Cyprus (OR .36 [CI .14-.96]), France (OR .12 [CI .04-.34]) or Ireland (OR .05 [CI .01-.56]) but not Greece (OR 1.13 [CI .42-3.00]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adapting interventions to account for cognitive ability, country of residence, self-perceived hearing difficulties, and hearing acuity may support hearing aid use in people with dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":51385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging and Health","volume":" ","pages":"210-219"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11829505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140144590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Engagement in Modifiable Lifestyle Behaviors and Racial-Ethnic Differences in Dementia Risk.","authors":"Roger Wong, Tatiana Mikhailova, Darrell Hudson, Sojung Park, Shenyang Guo","doi":"10.1177/08982643241308938","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08982643241308938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivesThe objective was to examine racial-ethnic differences in longitudinal engagement for lifestyle behaviors and moderating role of race-ethnicity between lifestyle behaviors and dementia risk.MethodsWe analyzed 2011-2021 National Health and Aging Trends Study data, a nationally representative U.S. sample of 6155 White, Black, Hispanic, and Asian older adults aged 65+. Cox models regressed dementia on the interaction between lifestyle behaviors (physical activity, smoking, and social contacts) and race-ethnicity.ResultsOnly smoking was associated with about a 45% higher dementia risk (aHR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.11-1.89). On average, Black and Hispanic respondents exhibited less frequent physical activity and social contacts, along with more frequent smoking. There was one significant interaction; more social contacts were associated with lower dementia risk among Asian respondents (aHR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.05-0.55).DiscussionRacial-ethnic differences in lifestyle behaviors should be considered when addressing dementia disparities. Future research needs to explore the relationship between social contacts and lower dementia risk among Asian older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":51385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging and Health","volume":"37 3-4_suppl","pages":"22S-31S"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subjective Cognitive Impairment (SCI) and Future Dementia Risk in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) During 2012-2019.","authors":"Emmanuel F Drabo, Jennifer L Wolff, Linda C Chyr, Julie Zissimopoulos, Bryan Lau","doi":"10.1177/08982643241308450","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08982643241308450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundSubjective cognitive impairment (SCI), assessed in national surveys, offers potential for dementia monitoring and early detection. However, its causal link to dementia risk remains unclear.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether SCI causally affects dementia risk in U.S. older adults (≥65 years), considering mortality as a competing risk.MethodsUsing data from 1622 dementia-free older adults in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) during 2011-2019, we estimated total, direct, and separable effects of SCI on dementia and mortality risks.ResultsSCI was reported by 7.6% at baseline and associated with a twofold increased dementia risk over 8 years (RR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.07-3.07) and lower mortality risk (RR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.10-0.67). Direct effect analysis indicated a potential direct causal link between SCI and dementia.ConclusionsSCI predicts dementia onset and inversely affects mortality, highlighting the importance of early detection and precise analytic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":51385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging and Health","volume":"37 3-4_suppl","pages":"76S-90S"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Religiosity, Religious Beliefs, and Cognitive Impairment Among Black and White Men With Modest Incomes.","authors":"Marino A Bruce, Bettina M Beech, Gillian Marshall, Nicole Phillips, Harlan P Jones, Corinne Pettigrew, Janice V Bowie, Keith E Whitfield, Roland J Thorpe","doi":"10.1177/08982643241309722","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08982643241309722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine the association between religious practices, beliefs, and cognitive impairment among Black and White men with modest incomes in the 2016 Health and Retirement Study.MethodsData were drawn from Black and White men who reported annual incomes at or below $50,000 (<i>n</i> = 926). The primary outcome was any cognitive impairment, a dichotomous variable derived from a modified version of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status. The religious variables were religious service attendance, private prayer frequency, and religious beliefs.ResultsResults from regression models indicated that religious service attendance was inversely related with cognitive impairment among White men (PR = 0.64, CI: 0.48-0.87). Private prayer (PR = 0.67, CI: 0.47-0.97) and religious beliefs (PR = 0.91, CI: 0.84-1.00) were inversely related to cognitive impairment among Black men.DiscussionOur results suggest that religious practices and beliefs may contribute to cognitive preservation among Black and White men, but longitudinal studies are needed to examine these associations further.</p>","PeriodicalId":51385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging and Health","volume":"37 3-4_suppl","pages":"9S-21S"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}