Population and Development Review最新文献_第8页

Worlds in Motion Redux? Expanding Migration Theories and Their Interconnections 运动中的世界再现？拓展移民理论及其相互联系

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Population and Development Review Pub Date : 2024-07-12 DOI: 10.1111/padr.12630

Fernando Riosmena

{"title":"Worlds in Motion Redux? Expanding Migration Theories and Their Interconnections","authors":"Fernando Riosmena","doi":"10.1111/padr.12630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12630","url":null,"abstract":"Migration theorizing has coalesced around sets encompassing several frameworks. Despite many contributions of these collections, contemporary migration theorizing exhibits three important shortcomings, which this paper aims to address. First, sets of theories have traditionally not explicitly and jointly addressed fundamental questions in migration, namely (i) key motivations beyond those related to “labor” (turmoil; environmental strain; family, or self‐realization factors); (ii) how important axes of social difference produce distinct motivations and mechanisms (e.g., by gender and sexuality); (iii) the (in)direct roles of the state; (iv) important spatial considerations, that is, immobility, internal versus international movement, step/onward/secondary migrations; and (v) key issues of temporality, that is, return migration, its timing, and intentionality. Engaging with classical and contemporary scholarship, I provide an updated, revised, and broadened set of frameworks and analytical lenses that better incorporate these issues. Second, the most common typology used to categorize frameworks into “initiation” and “continuation” suffers from ambiguity and imprecision. I offer a new classification, typifying mechanisms as more/less endogenous to prior migrations. Third, scholarship has advanced little in systematically examining whether/how theories relate to each other. I provide a basic taxonomy of mechanism “competition,” “coexistence,” co‐occurrence, and interrelation. I conclude by proposing a new and expanded set of frameworks and analytical lenses, reflecting on the implications of these modifications.","PeriodicalId":51372,"journal":{"name":"Population and Development Review","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141602637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does Inequality Have Momentum? The Implications of Convex Inequality Regimes for Mortality Dynamics 不平等是否有动力？凸性不平等制度对死亡率动态的影响

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Population and Development Review Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1111/padr.12649

Arun S. Hendi

{"title":"Does Inequality Have Momentum? The Implications of Convex Inequality Regimes for Mortality Dynamics","authors":"Arun S. Hendi","doi":"10.1111/padr.12649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12649","url":null,"abstract":"For decades, educational inequalities in mortality have widened and mortality among the least educated has stalled, even as overall mortality has improved, and an increasing proportion of young people have completed secondary and tertiary education. While researchers recognize that these trends are in part related to changing selection into education groups, there has been no unifying framework for understanding why the trends may be related. This article provides a unifying framework by introducing a concept called the “convex inequality regime,” a diminishing returns relationship between relative education and mortality. In populations where convex inequality regimes prevail, even without any changes in the institutions governing inequality or any changes in overall mortality conditions, education transitions result in an increase in mortality for the less educated and an increase in mortality inequality between education groups. The model also shows that lifespan variation increases for lower education groups because convex inequality regimes tend to increase relative mortality more rapidly at younger ages during an education transition. Even after an education transition is complete, inequality between education groups will continue to increase for decades due to the momentum of inequality, a cohort replacement phenomenon where younger more unequal cohorts replace older more equal cohorts.","PeriodicalId":51372,"journal":{"name":"Population and Development Review","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141566087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Last Bastion is Falling: Survey Evidence of the New Family Reality in Italy 最后的堡垒正在倒塌：意大利新家庭现实的调查证据

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Population and Development Review Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1111/padr.12645

Arnstein Aassve, Letizia Mencarini, Elena Pirani, Daniele Vignoli

引用次数: 0

Spousal Agreement on Sex Preferences for Children and Gender Gaps in Children's Education 配偶对子女性别偏好的一致意见与子女教育中的性别差距

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Population and Development Review Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/padr.12640

Vida Maralani, Candas Pinar

{"title":"Spousal Agreement on Sex Preferences for Children and Gender Gaps in Children's Education","authors":"Vida Maralani, Candas Pinar","doi":"10.1111/padr.12640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12640","url":null,"abstract":"Using data from 60 countries, we measure how much couples agree on sex preferences for children and whether differences in sex preferences are associated with gender gaps in children's education. Results show extensive disagreement in sex preferences for children, with husbands far more likely to want more sons but their wives more likely to prefer having equal numbers of boys and girls, wanting more daughters, or having no preference. India has the highest share of agreement on sex preferences (59 percent), and Niger has the lowest (32 percent). The association between couples’ sex preferences and gender gaps in education differs considerably by country. In some countries, girls have worse outcomes when their parents agree on son preference and better ones when parents agree on daughter/no preference. But there are numerous counter‐examples as well. Gender gaps in education appear more often when wives hold son preference but not their husbands than the reverse combination. Agreement on daughter/no preference is the only category that is systematically associated with better outcomes for girls relative to boys (although even here there are caveats). Balanced preference (wanting as many boys as girls) is an ambiguous category with heterogenous patterns in terms of educational gender gaps.","PeriodicalId":51372,"journal":{"name":"Population and Development Review","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141495508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unhealthy Assimilation or Compositional Differences? Disentangling Immigrants' Mental Health Trajectories with Residence Duration 不健康的同化还是构成差异？将移民的心理健康轨迹与居住时间区分开来

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Population and Development Review Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/padr.12642

Claudia Brunori

{"title":"Unhealthy Assimilation or Compositional Differences? Disentangling Immigrants' Mental Health Trajectories with Residence Duration","authors":"Claudia Brunori","doi":"10.1111/padr.12642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12642","url":null,"abstract":"Studies have often found that recent immigrants have better mental health than natives, whereas established immigrants have no such advantage. This could be interpreted as evidence for immigrants' mental health deteriorating with residence duration—the “unhealthy assimilation hypothesis.” However, the methods used in the literature are unfit to assess whether the mental health differences between recent and established immigrants are due to individual‐level deterioration in mental health, compositional differences between immigration cohorts, or selective remigration. This is because previous studies mostly rely on cross‐sectional data, incur in overcontrol bias, and/or fail to disentangle variation with time since arrival from variation with age or between cohorts. In this article, I propose a novel analytical strategy to test the unhealthy assimilation hypothesis. Using fixed‐ and random‐effect regressions stratified by immigrants' age at arrival and data from waves 1–11 of the UK household longitudinal study, I find no evidence that immigrants' mental health deteriorates with time since arrival: immigrants' mental health trajectories are in line with natives' trajectories with age, and the cross‐sectional finding of more established immigrants having worse mental health is driven by differences between individuals who migrated at different times.","PeriodicalId":51372,"journal":{"name":"Population and Development Review","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141495617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

No End to Hypergamy when Considering the Full Married Population 考虑到全部已婚人口，超一夫一妻制不会终止

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Population and Development Review Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/padr.12643

Daniela R. Urbina, Margaret Frye, Sara Lopus

{"title":"No End to Hypergamy when Considering the Full Married Population","authors":"Daniela R. Urbina, Margaret Frye, Sara Lopus","doi":"10.1111/padr.12643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12643","url":null,"abstract":"The worldwide expansion of female educational opportunities in recent decades has prompted demographers to assess the frequency with which women marry up (hypergamy) or down (hypogamy) with regard to education. A series of articles documented dramatic and nearly universal declines in hypergamy over time and across female educational advantage. However, this previous work investigated hypergamy only in the context of unequal educational pairings, excluding couples with equal levels of education (homogamy) from their analyses. Here, we argue that the prevalence of hypergamy should instead be assessed in relation to all marriages. We apply this approach to the case of Latin America, where women have made important gains in schooling relative to men. Using census microdata spanning 105 birth cohorts in 16 countries, we demonstrate that, rather than declining, hypergamy has increased in most countries over time and remains relatively stable across female educational advantage. Meanwhile, the prevalence of educational homogamy has declined considerably in most countries and across the axis of female educational advantage, an important trend that emerges only when homogamy is incorporated into the analysis.","PeriodicalId":51372,"journal":{"name":"Population and Development Review","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141495704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Personal and Social Worries Associated with the Likelihood of Having Children 与生育可能性相关的个人和社会担忧

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Population and Development Review Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1111/padr.12646

Kateryna Golovina, Markus Jokela

{"title":"Personal and Social Worries Associated with the Likelihood of Having Children","authors":"Kateryna Golovina, Markus Jokela","doi":"10.1111/padr.12646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12646","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies showed that worries about the economic situation and job security are associated with childbearing, but evidence is scarce on whether worries about other personal and social issues are also related to childbearing. Drawing on the German Socio‐Economic Panel Study, this study examined the relationship between worries about various personal and social issues and the likelihood of having children. Based on exploratory factor analysis, worries were categorized into social/environment and economy/safety factors. Cox regression models showed that social/environment worries were associated with a decreased likelihood of having children, even after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, personality traits, and political attitudes. Among specific worries, concerns about environmental protection, climate change, personal health, peace, immigration to Germany, and hostility toward immigrants were linked to a decreased likelihood of having children. Notably, worries about the economy in general were strongly associated with a reduced probability of becoming a parent among childless individuals, with a 25 percent lower likelihood for those highly worried about it. Similarly, childless individuals highly worried about climate change exhibit a 16 percent lower likelihood of parenthood. Our findings highlight the role of other worries in childbearing in addition to economic uncertainty and suggest that fertility decreases when the future is perceived as uncertain.","PeriodicalId":51372,"journal":{"name":"Population and Development Review","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141489510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Melissa S.KearneyThe Two Parent Privilege: How Americans Stopped Getting Married and Started Falling BehindUniversity of Chicago Press, 2023, 240 p., $25.00. Melissa S.KearneyThe Two Parent Privilege：美国人如何停止结婚并开始落后芝加哥大学出版社，2023 年，240 页，25.00 美元。

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Population and Development Review Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1111/padr.12631

SARAH R. HAYFORD

引用次数: 0

Claire L.WendlandPartial Stories: Maternal Death from Six AnglesUniversity of Chicago Press, 2022, 356 p., $35.00. Claire L.WendlandPartial Stories：芝加哥大学出版社，2022 年，356 页，35.00 美元。

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Population and Development Review Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1111/padr.12633

SANYU A. MOJOLA

引用次数: 0

Henry Pratt Fairchild on the Restriction of Immigration 亨利-普拉特-费尔柴尔德论移民限制