Philosophy & Technology最新文献

State-Run Dating Apps: Are They Morally Desirable? 国家管理的约会应用程序：它们在道德上可取吗？

Philosophy & Technology Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-024-00719-x

Bouke de Vries

引用次数: 0

Enhancing Deliberation with Digital Democratic Innovations 利用数字民主创新加强审议工作

Philosophy & Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-023-00692-x

Anna Mikhaylovskaya

引用次数: 0

Ethical Idealism, Technology and Practice: a Manifesto. 伦理理想主义、技术与实践:一份宣言。

Philosophy & Technology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-09 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-022-00575-7

Joan Casas-Roma

{"title":"Ethical Idealism, Technology and Practice: a Manifesto.","authors":"Joan Casas-Roma","doi":"10.1007/s13347-022-00575-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-022-00575-7","url":null,"abstract":"Technology has become one of the main channels through which people engage in most of their everyday activities. When working, learning, or socializing, the affordances created by technological tools determine the way in which users interact with one another and their environment, thus favoring certain actions and behaviors, while discouraging others. The ethical dimension behind the use of technology has been already studied in recent works, but the question is often formulated in a protective way that focuses on shielding the users from potential detrimental effects. Nevertheless, when considering collateral ethical benefits that the use of technology could bring about, virtue ethics and the notions of \"practice\" and \"practical wisdom\" present new opportunities to harness this potential. By understanding the combination of technology, its users and their interactions as a system, technology can be seen as the space where most of its users' daily practice happens. Through this practice, users can get the chance to collaterally develop and enhance their ethical awareness, sensitivity and reasoning capabilities. This work is shaped as a manifesto that provides the background, motivations and directions needed to ask a complementary question about the ethics of technology that aims towards the potentiality behind the use of technology. Instead of focusing on shielding the users, the proposed ethical idealist approach to the ethics of technology aims to empower them by understanding their use of technology as the space where the development of their practical wisdom, understood in the virtue ethics' sense, takes place.","PeriodicalId":513391,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy & Technology","volume":"35 3","pages":"86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9462067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40359662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Real Fakes: The Epistemology of Online Misinformation. 真假:网络错误信息的认识论。

Philosophy & Technology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-022-00581-9

Keith Raymond Harris

引用次数: 6

Socially Disruptive Technologies, Contextual Integrity, and Conservatism About Moral Change. 社会颠覆性技术、情境完整性与道德变革的保守主义。

Philosophy & Technology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-30 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-022-00578-4

Ibo van de Poel

引用次数: 3

Technology and French Thought: a Dialogue Between Jean-Luc Nancy and François-David Sebbah. 技术和法国认为:之间的对话jean - luc南希和Francois-David Sebbah。

Philosophy & Technology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-022-00579-3

François-David Sebbah, Jean-Luc Nancy

{"title":"Technology and French Thought: a Dialogue Between Jean-Luc Nancy and François-David Sebbah.","authors":"François-David Sebbah, Jean-Luc Nancy","doi":"10.1007/s13347-022-00579-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-022-00579-3","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is not an article in a regular sense. It is a dialogue between François-David Sebbah, one of the two editors of this topical collection, and Jean-Luc Nancy, one of the most eminent representatives of the contemporary French Thought. This dialogue took place in the first half of 2022 in a written form, because of the sanitary restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic and because Nancy was heavily sick. Sebbah sent to Nancy a text, corresponding to Section 2.1, and Nancy responded to it with another text, corresponding to Section 2.2. Unfortunately, Nancy died on August 23, 2022, and could not revise his own text nor pursue the dialogue, as it was originally planned. For this reason, an introductory clarification by Sebbah, corresponding to Section 1, has been added. The purpose of such clarification is to introduce the reader to Nancy's philosophy of technology-although technology never had a central role in Nancy's reflections. In Section 2.1, Sebbah proposes a distinction between \"French Theory,\" \"French Thought,\" and \"French Philosophy.\" He also proposes a list of twelve possible intersections between the French Thought and the philosophy of technology. In Section 2.2, Nancy criticizes the use of expressions such as \"French Thought.\" He also insists, in a Heideggerian vein, on the fact that Technology (with a capital \"T\") does not depend on human ends but has its own ends.","PeriodicalId":513391,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy & Technology","volume":"35 3","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9428378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40349156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Good Proctor or "Big Brother"? Ethics of Online Exam Supervision Technologies. 好学监还是老大哥?网络考试监督技术伦理。

Philosophy & Technology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-021-00476-1

Simon Coghlan, Tim Miller, Jeannie Paterson

{"title":"Good Proctor or \"Big Brother\"? Ethics of Online Exam Supervision Technologies.","authors":"Simon Coghlan, Tim Miller, Jeannie Paterson","doi":"10.1007/s13347-021-00476-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-021-00476-1","url":null,"abstract":"Online exam supervision technologies have recently generated significant controversy and concern. Their use is now booming due to growing demand for online courses and for off-campus assessment options amid COVID-19 lockdowns. Online proctoring technologies purport to effectively oversee students sitting online exams by using artificial intelligence (AI) systems supplemented by human invigilators. Such technologies have alarmed some students who see them as a \"Big Brother-like\" threat to liberty and privacy, and as potentially unfair and discriminatory. However, some universities and educators defend their judicious use. Critical ethical appraisal of online proctoring technologies is overdue. This essay provides one of the first sustained moral philosophical analyses of these technologies, focusing on ethical notions of academic integrity, fairness, non-maleficence, transparency, privacy, autonomy, liberty, and trust. Most of these concepts are prominent in the new field of AI ethics, and all are relevant to education. The essay discusses these ethical issues. It also offers suggestions for educational institutions and educators interested in the technologies about the kinds of inquiries they need to make and the governance and review processes they might need to adopt to justify and remain accountable for using online proctoring technologies. The rapid and contentious rise of proctoring software provides a fruitful ethical case study of how AI is infiltrating all areas of life. The social impacts and moral consequences of this digital technology warrant ongoing scrutiny and study.","PeriodicalId":513391,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy & Technology","volume":"34 4","pages":"1581-1606"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8407138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39386093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 66

Companies Committed to Responsible AI: From Principles towards Implementation and Regulation? 致力于负责任人工智能的公司:从原则到实施和监管?

Philosophy & Technology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-021-00474-3

Paul B de Laat

{"title":"Companies Committed to Responsible AI: From Principles towards Implementation and Regulation?","authors":"Paul B de Laat","doi":"10.1007/s13347-021-00474-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-021-00474-3","url":null,"abstract":"The term 'responsible AI' has been coined to denote AI that is fair and non-biased, transparent and explainable, secure and safe, privacy-proof, accountable, and to the benefit of mankind. Since 2016, a great many organizations have pledged allegiance to such principles. Amongst them are 24 AI companies that did so by posting a commitment of the kind on their website and/or by joining the 'Partnership on AI'. By means of a comprehensive web search, two questions are addressed by this study: (1) Did the signatory companies actually try to implement these principles in practice, and if so, how? (2) What are their views on the role of other societal actors in steering AI towards the stated principles (the issue of regulation)? It is concluded that some three of the largest amongst them have carried out valuable steps towards implementation, in particular by developing and open sourcing new software tools. To them, charges of mere 'ethics washing' do not apply. Moreover, some 10 companies from both the USA and Europe have publicly endorsed the position that apart from self-regulation, AI is in urgent need of governmental regulation. They mostly advocate focussing regulation on high-risk applications of AI, a policy which to them represents the sensible middle course between laissez-faire on the one hand and outright bans on technologies on the other. The future shaping of standards, ethical codes, and laws as a result of these regulatory efforts remains, of course, to be determined.","PeriodicalId":513391,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy & Technology","volume":"34 4","pages":"1135-1193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8492454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39503487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

Public Actors Without Public Values: Legitimacy, Domination and the Regulation of the Technology Sector. 没有公共价值的公共行为者:技术部门的合法性、支配和监管。

Philosophy & Technology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-01-20 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-020-00441-4

Linnet Taylor

{"title":"Public Actors Without Public Values: Legitimacy, Domination and the Regulation of the Technology Sector.","authors":"Linnet Taylor","doi":"10.1007/s13347-020-00441-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-020-00441-4","url":null,"abstract":"The scale and asymmetry of commercial technology firms' power over people through data, combined with the increasing involvement of the private sector in public governance, means that increasingly, people do not have the ability to opt out of engaging with technology firms. At the same time, those firms are increasingly intervening on the population level in ways that have implications for social and political life. This creates the potential for power relations of domination, and demands that we decide what constitutes the legitimacy to act on the public. Business ethics and private law are not designed to answer these questions, which are primarily political. If people have lost the right to disengage with commercial technologies, we may need to hold the companies that offer them to the same standards to which we hold the public sector. This paper first defines the problem and demonstrates that it is significant and widespread, and then argues for the development of an overarching normative framework for what constitutes non-domination with regard to digital technologies. Such a framework must involve a nuanced idea of political power and accountability that can respond not only to the legality of corporate behaviour, but to its legitimacy.","PeriodicalId":513391,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy & Technology","volume":"34 4","pages":"897-922"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s13347-020-00441-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38794474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

Biased Face Recognition Technology Used by Government: A Problem for Liberal Democracy. 政府使用的有偏见的人脸识别技术:自由民主的问题。

Philosophy & Technology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-25 DOI: 10.1007/s13347-021-00478-z

Michael Gentzel

引用次数: 2