Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy最新文献

Frequency Deadband Control of Grid-forming Energy Storage Inverter in Primary Frequency Regulation

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.35833/MPCE.2024.000757

Wei Zhang;Zhenxiong Wang;Yingjie Peng;Jingting Wu;Qiru Li;Hao Yi;Zebin Yang;Li Li;Fang Zhuo

{"title":"Frequency Deadband Control of Grid-forming Energy Storage Inverter in Primary Frequency Regulation","authors":"Wei Zhang;Zhenxiong Wang;Yingjie Peng;Jingting Wu;Qiru Li;Hao Yi;Zebin Yang;Li Li;Fang Zhuo","doi":"10.35833/MPCE.2024.000757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35833/MPCE.2024.000757","url":null,"abstract":"With the increased penetration of renewable energy sources, the grid-forming (GFM) energy storage (ES) has been considered to engage in primary frequency regulation (PFR), often necessitating the use of a frequency deadband (FDB) to prevent excessive battery charging cycling and miti-gate frequency oscillations. Implementing the FDB is relatively straightforward in grid-following (GFL) control. However, implementing the FDB in GFM control presents a significant challenge since the inverter must abstain from providing active power at any frequency within the FDB. Therefore, in this paper, the performance of PFR control in the GFM-ES inverter is analyzed in detail first. Then, the FDB is implemented for GFM inverters with various types of synchronization methods, and the need for inertia response is also considered. Moreover, given the risk of oscillations near the FDB boundary, different FDB setting methods are proposed and examined, where an improved triangular hysteresis method is proposed to realize the fast response and enhanced stability. Finally, the simulation and experiment results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the above methods.","PeriodicalId":51326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy","volume":"13 1","pages":"167-178"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10855741","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143184066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Guest Editorial: Special Section on Dynamic Performance and Flexibility Enhancement of RES-dominated Power Systems with Grid-forming Converters

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.35833/MPCE.2025.000013

Hassan Bevrani;Federico Milano

引用次数: 0

DC Voltage Control with Grid-Forming Capability for Enhancing Stability of HVDC System

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.35833/MPCE.2024.000822

Ghazala Shafique;Johan Boukhenfouf;François Gruson;Frédéric Colas;Xavier Guillaud

{"title":"DC Voltage Control with Grid-Forming Capability for Enhancing Stability of HVDC System","authors":"Ghazala Shafique;Johan Boukhenfouf;François Gruson;Frédéric Colas;Xavier Guillaud","doi":"10.35833/MPCE.2024.000822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35833/MPCE.2024.000822","url":null,"abstract":"Grid-forming (GFM) converters are recognized for their stabilizing effects in renewable energy systems. Integrating GFM converters into high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems requires DC voltage control. However, there can be a conflict between GFM converter and DC voltage control when they are used in combination. This paper presents a rigorous control design for a GFM converter that connects the DC-link voltage to the power angle of the converter, thereby integrating DC voltage control with GFM capability. The proposed control is validated through small-signal and transient-stability analyses on a modular multilevel converter (MMC)-based HVDC system with a point-to-point (P2P) GFM-GFM configuration. The results demonstrate that employing a GFM-GFM configuration with the proposed control enhances the stability of the AC system to which it is connected. The system exhibits low sensitivity to grid strength and can sustain islanding conditions. The high stability limit of the system with varying grid strength using the proposed control is validated using a system with four voltage source converters.","PeriodicalId":51326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy","volume":"13 1","pages":"66-78"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10855700","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143184055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Series-Parallel Sequence Impedance Models of Multi-Loop Grid-Forming Converters

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.35833/MPCE.2024.000676

Xiaokuan Jin;Jianhua Wang;Han Yan;Xijun Ni;Zhendong Ji;Baojian Ji;Ding Wan

{"title":"Series-Parallel Sequence Impedance Models of Multi-Loop Grid-Forming Converters","authors":"Xiaokuan Jin;Jianhua Wang;Han Yan;Xijun Ni;Zhendong Ji;Baojian Ji;Ding Wan","doi":"10.35833/MPCE.2024.000676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35833/MPCE.2024.000676","url":null,"abstract":"The gradual penetration of grid-forming (GFM) converters into new power systems with renewable energy sources may result in the emergence of small-signal instability issues. These issues can be elucidated using sequence impedance models, which offer a more tangible and meaningful interpretation than dq-domain impedance models and state-space models. However, existing research has primarily focused on the impact of power loops and inner control loops in GFM converters, which has not yet elucidated the precise physical interpretation of inner voltage and current loops of GFM converters in circuits. This paper derives series-parallel sequence impedance models of multi-loop GFM converters, demonstrating that the voltage loop can be regarded as a parallel impedance and the current loop as a series impedance. Consequently, the corre-sponding small-signal stability characteristics can be identified through Bode diagrams of sequence impedances or by examining the physical meanings of impedances in series and in parallel. The results indicate that the GFM converter with a single power loop is a candidate suitable for application in new power systems, given its reduced number of control parameters and enhanced low-frequency performance, particularly in weak grids. The results of PLECS simulations and corresponding prototype experiments verify the accuracy of the analytical analysis under diverse grid conditions.","PeriodicalId":51326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy","volume":"13 1","pages":"29-41"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10855724","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143184157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Systematic Small-signal Analysis Procedure for Improving Synchronization Stability of Grid-forming Virtual Synchronous Generators

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.35833/MPCE.2024.000316

Francisco Jesús Matas-Díaz;Manuel Barragán-Villarejo;José María Maza-Ortega

引用次数: 0

Dynamic Analysis of Uniformity and Difference for Grid-following and Grid-forming Voltage Source Converters Using Phasor and Topological Homology Methods

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.35833/MPCE.2024.000722

Haiyu Zhao;Hongyu Zhou;Wei Yao;Qihang Zong;Jinyu Wen

{"title":"Dynamic Analysis of Uniformity and Difference for Grid-following and Grid-forming Voltage Source Converters Using Phasor and Topological Homology Methods","authors":"Haiyu Zhao;Hongyu Zhou;Wei Yao;Qihang Zong;Jinyu Wen","doi":"10.35833/MPCE.2024.000722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35833/MPCE.2024.000722","url":null,"abstract":"Grid-following voltage source converter (GFL-VSC) and grid-forming voltage source converter (GFM-VSC) have different dynamic characteristics for active power-frequency and reactive power-voltage supports of the power grid. This paper aims to clarify and recognize the difference between grid-following (GFL) and grid-forming (GFM) frequency-voltage support more intuitively and clearly. Firstly, the phasor model considering circuit constraints is established based on the port circuit equations of the converter. It is revealed that the voltage and active power linearly correspond to the horizontal and vertical axes in the phasor space referenced to the grid voltage pha-sore Secondly, based on topological homology, GFL and GFM controls are transformed and mapped into different trajectories. The topological similarity of the characteristic curves for GFL and GFM controls is the essential cause of their uniformity. Based on the above model, it is indicated that GFL-VSC and GFM-VSC possess uniformity with regard to active power response, type of coupling, and phasor trajectory. They differ in synchronization, power coupling mechanisms, dynamics, and active power-voltage operation domain in the quasi-steady state. Case studies are undertaken on GFL-VSC and GFM-VSC integrated into a four-machine two-area system. Simulation results verify that the dynamic uniformity and difference of GFL-VSC and GFM-VSC are intuitively and comprehensively revealed.","PeriodicalId":51326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy","volume":"13 1","pages":"3-14"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10855723","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Grid Strength Assessment Method for Evaluating Small-Signal Synchronization Stability of Grid-Following and Grid-Forming Converters Integrated Systems

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.35833/MPCE.2024.000759

Qianhong Shi;Wei Dong;Guanzhong Wang;Junchao Ma;Chenxu Wang;Xianye Guo;Vladimir Terzija

{"title":"Grid Strength Assessment Method for Evaluating Small-Signal Synchronization Stability of Grid-Following and Grid-Forming Converters Integrated Systems","authors":"Qianhong Shi;Wei Dong;Guanzhong Wang;Junchao Ma;Chenxu Wang;Xianye Guo;Vladimir Terzija","doi":"10.35833/MPCE.2024.000759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35833/MPCE.2024.000759","url":null,"abstract":"Oscillations caused by small-signal instability have been widely observed in AC grids with grid-following (GFL) and grid-forming (GFM) converters. The generalized short-circuit ratio is commonly used to assess the strength of GFL converters when integrated with weak AC systems at risk of oscillation. This paper provides the grid strength assessment method to evaluate the small-signal synchronization stability of GFL and GFM converters integrated systems. First, the admittance and impedance matrices of the GFL and GFM converters are analyzed to identify the frequency bands associated with negative damping in oscillation modes dominated by heterogeneous synchronization control. Secondly, based on the interaction rules between the short-circuit ratio and the different oscillation modes, an equivalent circuit is proposed to simplify the grid strength assessment through the topological transformation of the AC grid. The risk of sub-synchronization and low-frequency oscillations, influenced by GFL and GFM converters, is then reformulated as a semi-definite programming (SDP) model, incorporating the node admittance matrix and grid-connected device capacities. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through a case analysis.","PeriodicalId":51326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy","volume":"13 1","pages":"55-65"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10834451","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transient Stability Analysis and Improved Control Strategy of PMSG-based Grid-forming Wind Energy Conversion System Under Symmetrical Grid Fault

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.35833/MPCE.2024.000484

Hai Xie;Jun Yao;Wenwen He;Dong Yang;Sheng Gong;Linsheng Zhao

{"title":"Transient Stability Analysis and Improved Control Strategy of PMSG-based Grid-forming Wind Energy Conversion System Under Symmetrical Grid Fault","authors":"Hai Xie;Jun Yao;Wenwen He;Dong Yang;Sheng Gong;Linsheng Zhao","doi":"10.35833/MPCE.2024.000484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35833/MPCE.2024.000484","url":null,"abstract":"The transient synchronization characteristics and instability mechanism of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based grid-forming wind energy conversion system (GFM-WECS) under symmetrical grid fault have received little attention to date. In this paper, considering the dynamics of DC-link voltage, the transient stability and an improved control strategy of PMSG-based GFM-WECS are studied in detail. Firstly, considering the dynamic interactions between the machine-side converter and the grid-side converter, the large-signal equivalent model of GFM-WECS is established. Furthermore, a novel Lyapunov function is derived to evaluate the transient stability margin and instability boundary of GFM-WECS during grid voltage sag. Additionally, the impacts of current-limitation control on the transient stability of GFM-WECS are revealed. Then, a stability evaluation index is proposed to evaluate the transient stability margin of GFM-WECS. Moreover, an improved control strategy is proposed to enhance the transient response characteristics and low voltage ride-through (LVRT) capability of GFM-WECS under symmetrical grid fault. Finally, simulations and experimental results are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.","PeriodicalId":51326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy","volume":"13 1","pages":"128-141"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10807807","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143184040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Grid-Forming Control Based on Adaptive Reactive Power Allocation for Offshore Wind Farms Connected to Diode-rectifier-based HVDC System 基于自适应无功功率分配的成网控制，适用于与基于二极管整流器的高压直流系统相连的海上风电场

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.35833/MPCE.2024.00743

Ganghua Zhang;Wang Xiang;Xia Chen;Rui Tu;Xuebo Qiao;Jinyu Wen

{"title":"Grid-Forming Control Based on Adaptive Reactive Power Allocation for Offshore Wind Farms Connected to Diode-rectifier-based HVDC System","authors":"Ganghua Zhang;Wang Xiang;Xia Chen;Rui Tu;Xuebo Qiao;Jinyu Wen","doi":"10.35833/MPCE.2024.00743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35833/MPCE.2024.00743","url":null,"abstract":"Diode-rectifier-based high-voltage direct current (DR-HVDC) systems are considered an attractive solution for integrating offshore wind farms (OWFs). Grid-forming (GFM) control with a rational reactive power allocation capability is crucial for the safe operation of numerous wind turbines (WTs). Most typical GFM controls aim to share surplus reactive power of the system equally among WTs, easily rendering capacity overloads for WTs that are outputting high levels of active power. In this paper, a novel GFM control for OWFs is proposed, allowing for adaptively allocating the reactive power according to the actual active power output of WTs. Firstly, the reactive power characteristics of the AC collection networks and WTs are analyzed across a wide wind power range. Then, combining the positive correlation of WT active power with the output AC voltage, a Q-θ type GFM control for WTs is presented. The adaptive reactive power allocation mechanism and the parameter design of the Q-θ based reactive power controller are elucidated, ensuring that WTs with lower active power output contribute more reactive power to the system than WTs with higher active power output. The AC impedance models of WTs under various GFM controls are established to evaluate the impact of different reactive power controllers. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed control is validated in PSCAD/EMT-DC, accompanied by stability analysis.","PeriodicalId":51326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy","volume":"13 1","pages":"154-166"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10807808","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143184063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Virtual Power Angle Synchronous Control for Improving Transient Stability of Grid-Forming Converters

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.35833/MPCE.2024.000684

Jidong Xu;Jun Zeng;Gengning Ying;Minhai Wu;Junfeng Liu

{"title":"Virtual Power Angle Synchronous Control for Improving Transient Stability of Grid-Forming Converters","authors":"Jidong Xu;Jun Zeng;Gengning Ying;Minhai Wu;Junfeng Liu","doi":"10.35833/MPCE.2024.000684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35833/MPCE.2024.000684","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing adoption of grid-forming converters (GFMCs) stems from their capacity to furnish voltage and frequency support for power grids. Nevertheless, GFMCs employing the current reference saturation limiting method often exhibit instability during various transient disturbances including grid voltage sags, frequency variations, and phase jumps. To address this problem, this paper proposes a virtual power angle synchronous <tex>$(delta_{v}-text{SYN})$</tex> control method. The fundamental of this method is to achieve synchronization with the grid using the virtual power angle <tex>$delta_{v}$</tex> instead of the active power. The transient stability characteristics of the proposed method are theoretically elucidated using a novel virtual power angle-power angle <tex>$(delta_{v}- delta )$</tex> model. The key benefit of the proposed method is its robustness to various grid strengths and diverse forms of transient disturbances, eliminating the requirement for fault identification or control switching. Moreover, it can offer grid-forming support to the grid during grid faults. Hardware-in-the-loop experimental results validate the theoretical analysis and the performance of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":51326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy","volume":"13 1","pages":"142-153"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10785253","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143184041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0