Environment and Security最新文献

From petrodollars to licenses: South Sudan’s post-oil political economy 从石油美元到许可证：南苏丹的后石油政治经济

Environment and Security Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI: 10.1177/27538796241262351

Joshua Craze

{"title":"From petrodollars to licenses: South Sudan’s post-oil political economy","authors":"Joshua Craze","doi":"10.1177/27538796241262351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538796241262351","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the trajectory of South Sudan’s political economy following the dethronement of oil rents as the major source of regime stability. From 2005 to 2012, relations among competing elite actors in South Sudan were organized through a rentier political marketplace in which payments derived from oil rents were used to purchase the loyalty of armed groups. During the same period, marketization and the politics of state-building remade South Sudan’s underlying political economy. With the partial collapse of the country’s oil revenues followed by the outbreak of civil war in 2012 to 2013, it was this transformed political economy that enabled the state to maintain its grip on power, as the government distributed appointments and licenses to local actors, who then used such affordances to tax, raid, and otherwise immiserate the populations under their control. This shift to a political economy predicated on the apportionment of positions and licenses has intensified inequality in South Sudan and enabled continued elite domination. The emergence of a market economy has facilitated the transformation of the political marketplace. While this form of elite domination is likely durable, it will not be peaceful.","PeriodicalId":513221,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Security","volume":"2 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141920414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Book review: How to live better in the era of climate change. Reading Simon Dalby’s Pyromania 书评：如何在气候变化时代更好地生活。阅读西蒙-达尔比的《焚烧狂

Environment and Security Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1177/27538796241272378

Miriam Matejova

引用次数: 0

Spatial repertoires of power in the production of mining territories in northern Cauca, Colombia: Between imposition and negotiation 哥伦比亚考卡省北部采矿区生产中的权力空间再现：强加与协商之间

Environment and Security Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/27538796241263216

Zabrina Welter, Axel Rojas

{"title":"Spatial repertoires of power in the production of mining territories in northern Cauca, Colombia: Between imposition and negotiation","authors":"Zabrina Welter, Axel Rojas","doi":"10.1177/27538796241263216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538796241263216","url":null,"abstract":"Territorial conflicts driven by the expansion of various forms of mining have escalated in the Global South. This article builds on the concept of territorialization, which often highlights the control of sociogeographical spaces by powerful through legal and coercive strategies. While existing literature addresses these power dynamics and resistance by less powerful actors, there is a gap in exploring the microscalar interactions that shape these territorial struggles. This study, based on ethnographic interviews and participant observation in the Afro-Colombian territories of the Quinamayó river basin, contributes to critical scholarship by decoupling the logic of territorialization from a top-down domination approach, emphasizing instead the everyday interactions and power relations that underpin territorial control. We explore the production of new mining territorialities from a quotidian and relational perspective, focusing on spatial repertoires of power, or a range of power strategies and relations that update extractive geographies in time. We find that territorial appropriation is defined and transformed through everyday moments of imposition and negotiation between multiple actors with different degrees of power. This microscale perspective deepens the understanding of territorial production, showing how daily interactions transform people’s connection to the territory, and highlighting the context-specific, agency-driven nature of these processes.","PeriodicalId":513221,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Security","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Socio-environmental balance: How environmental conflicts can support the climate-security nexus 社会环境平衡：环境冲突如何支持气候-安全关系

Environment and Security Pub Date : 2024-06-09 DOI: 10.1177/27538796241254441

Nicolas Hubert

引用次数: 0

Conflict mitigation as a means of climate change adaptation: Lessons for policy and development practice 将缓解冲突作为适应气候变化的一种手段：政策和发展实践的经验教训

Environment and Security Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1177/27538796241246409

Daniel Abrahams, Kayly Ober

引用次数: 0

Public preferences of environmental peacebuilding: The case of forest conservation projects in Colombia 公众对环境和平建设的偏好：哥伦比亚森林保护项目案例

Environment and Security Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1177/27538796241241581

Dominique V. Schmid, Martijn C. Vlaskamp

{"title":"Public preferences of environmental peacebuilding: The case of forest conservation projects in Colombia","authors":"Dominique V. Schmid, Martijn C. Vlaskamp","doi":"10.1177/27538796241241581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538796241241581","url":null,"abstract":"To date, no studies have examined the nationwide support for environmental peacebuilding projects in post-conflict countries, that is, projects that seek to use the management of natural resources as a way of fostering peace and cooperation. However, public support can be crucial for the legitimacy and effectiveness of these projects. This article aims to address this gap by exploring which project characteristics influence public support for environmental peacebuilding projects. It does so through a conjoint experiment in Colombia with 1,504 survey respondents, focusing on forest conservation projects. The findings indicate that provisions related to the reintegration of ex-combatants and the dialogue between victims and ex-combatants resonate positively with respondents. Participants from the political right or those opposed to the 2016 peace agreement were somewhat less responsive to this information. The most significant impact was observed with provisions for job creation and public investments that targeted the entire population. Based on these findings, we conclude that the inclusion of environmental peacebuilding provisions in forest conservation projects can increase public support for them in post-conflict countries.","PeriodicalId":513221,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Security","volume":" 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140993598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climate, food (in)security and conflict in the Bangladesh delta: Myths and puzzles 孟加拉国三角洲的气候、粮食（不）安全和冲突：神话与谜题

Environment and Security Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1177/27538796241244544

Ma Suza, Jeroen Warner, Han van Dijk

{"title":"Climate, food (in)security and conflict in the Bangladesh delta: Myths and puzzles","authors":"Ma Suza, Jeroen Warner, Han van Dijk","doi":"10.1177/27538796241244544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538796241244544","url":null,"abstract":"Bangladesh is customarily presented as a poster child for climate change and conflict given its dense population and susceptibility to climate variability. This vulnerability exacerbates existing challenges such as food insecurity and conflict potential. Crises like pandemics and conflicts are external drivers stressing already compromised domestic governance, such as violent politics, poor rule of law, and corruption, further compounding the challenges of land and water resource management and affecting food (in)security in Bangladesh. While we will argue that Bangladesh’s all-out (‘securitised’) efforts to achieve food security are largely successful and there is no evidence of climate conflict related to food, this does not obviate very real food security challenges in remote areas. However, these have not built up to the sense of frustration associated with food riots or community violence. Navigating the possible linkages between climate, food (in)security, and conflict requires debunking common myths and identifying unresolved research puzzles in Bangladesh’s context. These myths promote the oversimplification of complex issues and may lead to misinformed policies and actions. Future research needs to be focused on understanding how climate factors interact with local economic, political, and social dynamics, including governance mechanisms, religious and ethnic tensions, economic inequality, grievances, and political exclusion.","PeriodicalId":513221,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Security","volume":"6 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140695864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Petro-states, oil shocks, and regime change: Venezuela and Ecuador, 2013–2023 石油国家、石油冲击和政权更迭：委内瑞拉和厄瓜多尔，2013-2023 年

Environment and Security Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1177/27538796241237287

Katrina Burgess, Javier Corrales

引用次数: 0

The coming twilight of a petro-state? Traumatic decarbonization as a driver of political transformation in Iraq 石油国家的黄昏即将到来？创伤性脱碳是伊拉克政治变革的驱动力

Environment and Security Pub Date : 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1177/27538796241237859

Shahla Al Kli, Jared Miller, Alex de Waal

引用次数: 0

Book review: Mary Breton and Philippe Le Billon, Environmental Defenders—Deadly Struggles for Life and Territory 书评：玛丽-布勒东和菲利普-勒比隆：《环境卫士--为生命和领土而进行的殊死搏斗

Environment and Security Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.1177/27538796241232028

Stephanie Martinez

引用次数: 1