Neural Plasticity最新文献

{"title":"Therapeutic Role of Additional Mirror Therapy on the Recovery of Upper Extremity Motor Function after Stroke: A Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Xin Wen,&nbsp;Li Li,&nbsp;Xuelian Li,&nbsp;Huanghong Zha,&nbsp;Zicai Liu,&nbsp;Yang Peng,&nbsp;Xuejin Liu,&nbsp;Huiyu Liu,&nbsp;Quan Yang,&nbsp;Jing Wang","doi":"10.1155/2022/8966920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8966920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rehabilitation of upper extremity hemiplegia after stroke remains a great clinical challenge, with only 20% of patients achieving a basic return to normal hand function. How to promote the recovery of motor function at an early stage is crucial to the life of the patient.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To invest the effects of additional mirror therapy in improving upper limb motor function and activities of daily living in acute and subacute stroke patients, and further explore the effects of other factors on the efficacy of MT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants who presented with unilateral upper extremity paralysis due to a first ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke were included in the study. They were randomly allocated to the experimental or control group. Patients in the control group received occupational therapy for 30 minutes each session, six times a week, for three weeks, while patients in the experimental group received 30 minutes of additional mirror therapy based on occupational therapy. The primary outcome measures were Fugl-Meyer Assessment-upper extremity (FMA-UE), Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), and Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL) which were evaluated by two independent occupational therapists before treatment and after 3-week treatment. A paired <i>t</i>-test was used to compare the values between pretreatment and posttreatment within an individual group. Two-sample <i>t</i>-test was utilized to compare the changes (baseline to postintervention) between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 52 stroke patients with unilateral upper extremity motor dysfunction who were able to actively cooperate with the training were included in this study. At baseline, no significant differences were found between groups regarding demographic and clinical characteristics (<i>P</i> > 0.05 for all). Upper limb motor function and ability to perform activities of daily living of the patients were statistically improved in both groups towards the third week (<i>P</i> < 0.05). In addition, statistical analyses showed more significant improvements in the score changes of FMA-UE and IADL in the experimental group compared to the control group after treatment (<i>P</i> < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed in the ARAT score changes between the two groups (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The subgroup analysis showed that no significant heterogeneity was observed in age, stroke type, lesion side, and clinical stage (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, some positive changes in aspects of upper limb motor function and the ability to perform instrumental activities of daily living compared with routine occupational therapy were observed in additional mirror therapy. Therefore, the application of additional mirror therapy training should be reconsidered to improve upper extremity motor in stroke patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":51299,"journal":{"name":"Neural Plasticity","volume":"2022 ","pages":"8966920"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9825233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9279939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Neurobehavioral and Electrophysiology in Patients with Disorders of Consciousness.","authors":"Jian-Min Chen,&nbsp;Qing-Fa Chen,&nbsp;Zhi-Yong Wang,&nbsp;Yang-Jia Chen,&nbsp;Nan-Nan Zhang,&nbsp;Jian-Wen Xu,&nbsp;Jun Ni","doi":"10.1155/2022/7195699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7195699","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) has been proposed as a promising therapeutic intervention for patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC). However, its therapeutic effects in the literature are inconsistently documented. The primary aim of this study was to explore the alterations in neural connectivity and neurobehavioral reactivity during rTMS modulation in patients with DOC. In addition, safety was investigated as a secondary aim.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The presence of bilateral N20 components in DOC patients was determined by somatosensory-evoked potential (SEP) before enrollment in the study. A total of 64 patients were enrolled and randomly placed into the active and sham groups. Ultimately, 50 patients completed the study. Twenty-five patients in the active group underwent real HF-rTMS, and 25 patients in the sham group underwent sham HF-rTMS, which was delivered over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The outcome measures of performed pre- and postintervention included the latencies of the N20 and N20-P25 amplitudes of SEP, brainstem auditory-evoked potential (BAEP) grade, JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) score, and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score; any adverse events were recorded at any time during the intervention.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Result: &lt;/strong&gt;Following six weeks of treatment, a significant increase was observed in the total CRS-R and GCS scores, and the N20-P25 amplitudes of patients in the two groups were compared with that obtained from preintervention (all &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; values &lt; 0.05). The waves of BAEP in the two groups also showed a trend toward normalized activity compared with preintervention grades (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; values &lt; 0.05). A significant decrease in the latencies of N20 (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; values &lt; 0.001) was observed in the active group compared with measurements obtained from preintervention, whereas no significant decrease was observed in the sham group (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; values = 0.013). The improvement in total CRS-R scores (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; values = 0.002), total GCS scores (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; values = 0.023), and N20-P25 amplitudes (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; values = 0.011) as well as the decrease in latencies of N20 (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; values = 0.018) and change in BAEP grades (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; values = 0.013) were significantly different between the two groups. The parameters in neural connectivity (N20-P25 amplitudes, N20 latencies, and BAEP grades) were significantly correlated with the total CRS-R and GCS scores at postintervention, and the changes of CRS-R before and after interventions have a positive relationship with N20-P25 amplitudes. No adverse events related to the rTMS protocol were recorded.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Neural connectivity levels are affected by HF-rTMS and are significantly related to clinical responses in DOC patients with the presence of bilateral N20. The elevation of neural connectivity levels may lay a foundation for successful HF-rTMS treatment for DO","PeriodicalId":51299,"journal":{"name":"Neural Plasticity","volume":"2022 ","pages":"7195699"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9699789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10790008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Exerts Neuroprotective Effects and Improves Motor Functions in Hemiparkinsonian Rats.","authors":"Tsung-Hsun Hsieh,&nbsp;Xiao-Kuo He,&nbsp;Hui-Hua Liu,&nbsp;Jia-Jin J Chen,&nbsp;Chih-Wei Peng,&nbsp;Hao-Li Liu,&nbsp;Alexander Rotenberg,&nbsp;Ko-Ting Chen,&nbsp;Ming-Yuan Chang,&nbsp;Yung-Hsiao Chiang,&nbsp;Pi-Kai Chang,&nbsp;Chi-Wei Kuo","doi":"10.1155/2021/1763533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/1763533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a popular noninvasive technique for modulating motor cortical plasticity and has therapeutic potential for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the therapeutic benefits and related mechanisms of rTMS in PD are still uncertain. Accordingly, preclinical animal research is helpful for enabling translational research to explore an effective therapeutic strategy and for better understanding the underlying mechanisms. Therefore, the current study was designed to identify the therapeutic effects of rTMS on hemiparkinsonian rats. A hemiparkinsonian rat model, induced by unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), was applied to evaluate the therapeutic potential of rTMS in motor functions and neuroprotective effect of dopaminergic neurons. Following early and long-term rTMS intervention with an intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) paradigm (starting 24 h post-6-OHDA lesion, 1 session/day, 7 days/week, for a total of 4 weeks) in awake hemiparkinsonian rats, the effects of rTMS on the performance in detailed functional behavioral tests, including video-based gait analysis, the bar test for akinesia, apomorphine-induced rotational analysis, and tests of the degeneration level of dopaminergic neurons, were identified. We found that four weeks of rTMS intervention significantly reduced the aggravation of PD-related symptoms post-6-OHDA lesion. Immunohistochemically, the results showed that tyrosine hydroxylase- (TH-) positive neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and fibers in the striatum were significantly preserved in the rTMS treatment group. These findings suggest that early and long-term rTMS with the iTBS paradigm exerts neuroprotective effects and mitigates motor impairments in a hemiparkinsonian rat model. These results further highlight the potential therapeutic effects of rTMS and confirm that long-term rTMS treatment might have clinical relevance and usefulness as an additional treatment approach in individuals with PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":51299,"journal":{"name":"Neural Plasticity","volume":"2021 ","pages":"1763533"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8723880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9095193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three Mediating Pathways of Anxiety and Security in the Relationship between Coping Style and Disordered Eating Behaviors among Chinese Female College Students.","authors":"Wenyue Han,&nbsp;Zheng Zheng,&nbsp;Ning Zhang","doi":"10.1155/2021/7506754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/7506754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>According to previous studies, eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors are associated with coping style, anxiety, and sense of security. However, the specific mechanism between them has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to explore whether anxiety and sense of security play mediating roles in coping style and disordered eating behaviors among Chinese female college students.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Six hundred and ninety-one female college students (mean age = 19.36; SD = 1.06) completed the Simple Coping Style Questionnaire, the Eating Disorder Inventory, the Security Questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and a brief demographic survey. The percentage bootstrap method of deviation correction was conducted to determine the mediating effect of anxiety and sense of security on coping style and disordered eating behaviors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Coping style had direct and indirect effects on disordered eating behaviors. Anxiety and sense of security were not only independent mediators in the relationship between coping style and disordered eating behaviors but also chain mediators.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of the current study provide preliminary evidence that preventive interventions targeting anxiety and sense of security may be feasible for young women who develop disordered eating behaviors due to stress in their lives.</p>","PeriodicalId":51299,"journal":{"name":"Neural Plasticity","volume":"2021 ","pages":"7506754"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8478589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10165360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustained Auditory Attentional Load Decreases Audiovisual Integration in Older and Younger Adults.","authors":"Yanna Ren,&nbsp;Yawei Hou,&nbsp;Jiayu Huang,&nbsp;Fanghong Li,&nbsp;Tao Wang,&nbsp;Yanling Ren,&nbsp;Weiping Yang","doi":"10.1155/2021/4516133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/4516133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The modulation of attentional load on the perception of auditory and visual information has been widely reported; however, whether attentional load alters audiovisual integration (AVI) has seldom been investigated. Here, to explore the effect of sustained auditory attentional load on AVI and the effects of aging, nineteen older and 20 younger adults performed an AV discrimination task with a rapid serial auditory presentation task competing for attentional resources. The results showed that responses to audiovisual stimuli were significantly faster than those to auditory and visual stimuli (AV > V ≥ A, all <i>p</i> < 0.001), and the younger adults were significantly faster than the older adults under all attentional load conditions (all <i>p</i> < 0.001). The analysis of the race model showed that AVI was decreased and delayed with the addition of auditory sustained attention (no_load > load_1 > load_2 > load_3 > load_4) for both older and younger adults. In addition, AVI was lower and more delayed in older adults than in younger adults in all attentional load conditions. These results suggested that auditory sustained attentional load decreased AVI and that AVI was reduced in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":51299,"journal":{"name":"Neural Plasticity","volume":"2021 ","pages":"4516133"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8225455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10173308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Analysis of Environmental Chemicals That Dysregulate Critical Period Plasticity-Related Gene Expression Reveals Common Pathways That Mimic Immune Response to Pathogen.","authors":"Milo R Smith,&nbsp;Priscilla Yevoo,&nbsp;Masato Sadahiro,&nbsp;Ben Readhead,&nbsp;Brian Kidd,&nbsp;Joel T Dudley,&nbsp;Hirofumi Morishita","doi":"10.1155/2020/1673897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/1673897","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The tens of thousands of industrial and synthetic chemicals released into the environment have an unknown but potentially significant capacity to interfere with neurodevelopment. Consequently, there is an urgent need for systematic approaches that can identify disruptive chemicals. Little is known about the impact of environmental chemicals on critical periods of developmental neuroplasticity, in large part, due to the challenge of screening thousands of chemicals. Using an integrative bioinformatics approach, we systematically scanned 2001 environmental chemicals and identified 50 chemicals that consistently dysregulate two transcriptional signatures of critical period plasticity. These chemicals included pesticides (e.g., pyridaben), antimicrobials (e.g., bacitracin), metals (e.g., mercury), anesthetics (e.g., halothane), and other chemicals and mixtures (e.g., vehicle emissions). Application of a chemogenomic enrichment analysis and hierarchical clustering across these diverse chemicals identified two clusters of chemicals with one that mimicked an immune response to pathogen, implicating inflammatory pathways and microglia as a common chemically induced neuropathological process. Thus, we established an integrative bioinformatics approach to systematically scan thousands of environmental chemicals for their ability to dysregulate molecular signatures relevant to critical periods of development.</p>","PeriodicalId":51299,"journal":{"name":"Neural Plasticity","volume":"2020 ","pages":"1673897"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/1673897","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9159914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Age-Related Hearing Protection Locus on Chromosome 16 of BXD Strain Mice.","authors":"Qing Yin Zheng,&nbsp;Lihong Kui,&nbsp;Fuyi Xu,&nbsp;Tihua Zheng,&nbsp;Bo Li,&nbsp;Melinda McCarty,&nbsp;Zehua Sun,&nbsp;Aizheng Zhang,&nbsp;Luying Liu,&nbsp;Athena Starlard-Davenport,&nbsp;Ruben Stepanyan,&nbsp;Bo Hua Hu,&nbsp;Lu Lu","doi":"10.1155/2020/8889264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8889264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inbred mouse models are widely used to study age-related hearing loss (AHL). Many genes associated with AHL have been mapped in a variety of strains. However, little is known about gene variants that have the converse function-protective genes that confer strong resistance to hearing loss. Previously, we reported that C57BL/6J (B6) and DBA/2J (D2) strains share a common hearing loss allele in <i>Cdh23</i>. The cadherin 23 (<i>Cdh23</i>) gene is a key contributor to early-onset hearing loss in humans. In this study, we tested hearing across a large family of 54 BXD strains generated from B6 to D2 crosses. Five of 54 strains maintain the normal threshold (20 dB SPL) even at 2 years old-an age at which both parental strains are essentially deaf. Further analyses revealed an age-related hearing protection (<i>ahp</i>) locus on chromosome 16 (Chr 16) at 57~76 Mb with a maximum LOD of 5.7. A small number of BXD strains at 2 years with good hearing correspond roughly to the percentage of humans who have good hearing at 90 years old. Further studies to define candidate genes in the <i>ahp</i> locus and related molecular mechanisms involved in age-related resilience or resistance to AHL are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":51299,"journal":{"name":"Neural Plasticity","volume":"2020 ","pages":"8889264"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/8889264","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9214830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of Neural Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation by Graphene-Based Biomaterials.","authors":"Lin Xia,&nbsp;Wenjuan Zhu,&nbsp;Yunfeng Wang,&nbsp;Shuangba He,&nbsp;Renjie Chai","doi":"10.1155/2019/3608386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3608386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) has become an emerging treatment for neural degeneration. A key factor in such treatments is to manipulate NSC behaviors such as proliferation and differentiation, resulting in the eventual regulation of NSC fate. Novel bionanomaterials have shown usefulness in guiding the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs due to the materials' unique morphological and topological properties. Among the nanomaterials, graphene has drawn increasing attention for neural regeneration applications based on the material's excellent physicochemical properties, surface modifications, and biocompatibility. In this review, we summarize recent works on the use of graphene-based biomaterials for regulating NSC behaviors and the potential use of these materials in clinical treatment. We also discuss the limitations of graphene-based nanomaterials for use in clinical practice. Finally, we provide some future prospects for graphene-based biomaterial applications in neural regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":51299,"journal":{"name":"Neural Plasticity","volume":"2019 ","pages":"3608386"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2019-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/3608386","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41219732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation as a Potential Biomarker in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review with Recommendations for Future Research.","authors":"Nicholas J Snow, Katie P Wadden, Arthur R Chaves, Michelle Ploughman","doi":"10.1155/2019/6430596","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2019/6430596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. Disease progression is variable and unpredictable, warranting the development of biomarkers of disease status. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive method used to study the human motor system, which has shown potential in MS research. However, few reviews have summarized the use of TMS combined with clinical measures of MS and no work has comprehensively assessed study quality. This review explored the viability of TMS as a biomarker in studies of MS examining disease severity, cognitive impairment, motor impairment, or fatigue. Methodological quality and risk of bias were evaluated in studies meeting selection criteria. After screening 1603 records, 30 were included for review. All studies showed high risk of bias, attributed largely to issues surrounding sample size justification, experimenter blinding, and failure to account for key potential confounding variables. Central motor conduction time and motor-evoked potentials were the most commonly used TMS techniques and showed relationships with disease severity, motor impairment, and fatigue. Short-latency afferent inhibition was the only outcome related to cognitive impairment. Although there is insufficient evidence for TMS in clinical assessments of MS, this review serves as a template to inform future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":51299,"journal":{"name":"Neural Plasticity","volume":"2019 ","pages":"6430596"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6766108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41219734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stimulus- and Neural-Referred Visual Receptive Field Properties following Hemispherectomy: A Case Study Revisited.","authors":"Hinke N Halbertsma,&nbsp;Koen V Haak,&nbsp;Frans W Cornelissen","doi":"10.1155/2019/6067871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6067871","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Damage to the visual system can result in (a partial) loss of vision, in response to which the visual system may functionally reorganize. Yet the timing, extent, and conditions under which this occurs are not well understood. Hence, studies in individuals with diverse congenital and acquired conditions and using various methods are needed to better understand this. In the present study, we examined the visual system of a young girl who received a hemispherectomy at the age of three and who consequently suffered from hemianopia. We did so by evaluating the corticocortical and retinocortical projections in the visual system of her remaining hemisphere. For the examination of these aspects, we analyzed the characteristics of the connective fields (\"neural-referred\" receptive fields) based on both resting-state (RS) and retinotopy data. The evaluation of RS data, reflecting brain activity independent from visual stimulation, is of particular interest as it is not biased by the patient's atypical visual percept. We found that, primarily when the patient was at rest, the connective fields between V1 and both early and late visual areas were larger than normal. These abnormally large connective fields could be a sign either of functional reorganization or of unmasked suppressive feedback signals that are normally masked by interhemispheric signals. Furthermore, we confirmed our previous finding of abnormal retinocortical or \"stimulus-referred\" projections in both early and late visual areas. More specifically, we found an enlarged foveal representation and smaller population receptive fields. These differences could also be a sign of functional reorganization or rather a reflection of the interruption visual information that travels, via the remainder of the visual pathway, from the retina to the visual cortex. To conclude, while we do find indications for relatively subtle changes in visual field map properties, we found no evidence of large-scale reorganization-even though the patient could have benefitted from this. Our work suggests that at a later developmental stage, large-scale reorganization of the visual system no longer occurs, while small-scale properties may still change to facilitate adaptive processing and viewing strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51299,"journal":{"name":"Neural Plasticity","volume":"2019 ","pages":"6067871"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2019-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/6067871","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41219733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}