Journal of Diabetes Investigation最新文献

{"title":"Glycemic metrics in Japanese isCGM users – Analysis by diabetes type and therapy","authors":"Wataru Ogawa,&nbsp;Tatsuhiko Urakami,&nbsp;Takashi Kadowaki,&nbsp;Kalvin Kao,&nbsp;Laura Brandner,&nbsp;Kenichiro Shimizu,&nbsp;Timothy C. Dunn","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14233","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14233","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The FreeStyle Libre (FSL) intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) system continually measures interstitial glucose levels and provides the data to users in numerical and graphical formats that guide users in their daily diabetes self-management. Although numerous studies have demonstrated the glycemic benefits of FSL in pediatric and adult populations, few studies have characterized FSL use specifically by Japanese adults with type 1 or 2 diabetes. We utilized established CGM metrics to assess glycemic control in a large cohort of Japanese adults with type 1 and 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 3,463 anonymized FSL users provided categorization into one of four therapy groups of interest: type 1 diabetes (<i>n</i> = 1,768), type 2 diabetes-multiple daily injections (MDI) (<i>n</i> = 612), type 2 diabetes-basal (BOI) (<i>n</i> = 343), and type 2 diabetes-non-insulin (NIT) (<i>n</i> = 740). Established CGM metrics were used to assess glycemic control.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All study groups showed relatively good glycemic control. Type 1 diabetes users showed the highest glucose variability (SD, 61 mg/dL; and %CV, 40%), above the established target level (%CV ≤ 36%). type 2 diabetes-MDI and type 2 diabetes-BOI users had similar levels of glucose variability (both within target). Type 2 diabetes-NIT users had the highest mean % time in range (TIR) (84.3%) and largest percentage of users that met the target of %TIR &gt; 70% (87.4%). In contrast, type 1 diabetes users had the lowest mean %TIR (62.6%) and the lowest percentage meeting the established %TIR target (30.5%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>By utilizing CGM devices in daily diabetes care, both healthcare professionals and patients can monitor glycemic excursions and gain insights into their historical glucose control patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 10","pages":"1483-1488"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141791394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus enhances proteinuria, but not glomerular filtration rate decline: A Japanese cohort study","authors":"Haruka Saito,&nbsp;Hayato Tanabe,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Hirai,&nbsp;Moritake Higa,&nbsp;Kenichi Tanaka,&nbsp;Satoshi Yamaguchi,&nbsp;Gulinu Maimaituxun,&nbsp;Hiroaki Masuzaki,&nbsp;Junichiro J Kazama,&nbsp;Michio Shimabukuro","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14272","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14272","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The time course of chronic kidney disease in young-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus remains unclear. We compared the trajectories of proteinuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline between young-onset (aged ≤40 years) and late-onset (aged &gt;40 years) type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Japanese multicenter cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants without diabetic kidney disease were divided into two groups according to age at diagnosis: young- and late-onset. The primary endpoint was eGFR &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m², proteinuria or both. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards were calculated to estimate incidence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 626 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 78 (12.4%) had young-onset and 548 (87.6%) had late-onset diabetes. The incidence of eGFR &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m² was lower (16.7% vs 33.5%, <i>P</i> = 0.003), but that of proteinuria was higher (46.2% vs 28.9%, <i>P</i> = 0.002) in the young-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus group. The Kaplan–Meyer curve showed that young-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus was associated with a decreased hazard ratio (HR) for eGFR &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m² and an increased HR for proteinuria compared with late-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus. In the multivariate Cox analysis, young-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus increased the HR (95% confidence interval) of proteinuria (1.53, 95% confidence interval 1.03–2.26), but did not change the eGFR &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m² HR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Young-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus has a lower HR of eGFR &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m² and an increased HR of proteinuria compared with late-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus, indicating that young-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus has a different time course for the development of proteinuria and subsequent eGFR decline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 10","pages":"1444-1456"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141756020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of long-term low carbohydrate diets for patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Takahiro Ichikawa,&nbsp;Hiroshi Okada,&nbsp;Junya Hironaka,&nbsp;Hanako Nakajima,&nbsp;Takuro Okamura,&nbsp;Saori Majima,&nbsp;Takafumi Senmaru,&nbsp;Emi Ushigome,&nbsp;Naoko Nakanishi,&nbsp;Masahide Hamaguchi,&nbsp;Erina Joo,&nbsp;Kenichiro Shide,&nbsp;Michiaki Fukui","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14271","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14271","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Efficacy of long-term low-carbohydrate diets (LCD) to improve glycemic management for type 2 diabetes remains controversial. Thus, we investigated the association between long-term LCD and glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Database for articles published up to June 2023, and included randomized controlled trials conducted on LCD interventions for &gt;12 months in adults with type 2 diabetes. Primary outcome was the difference in glycated hemoglobin between long-term LCD and control groups. Additionally, we evaluated the differences in changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and weight between long-term LCD and control groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six studies were identified and met the inclusion criteria. This study did not show significant differences in changes in glycated hemoglobin between long-term LCD and control diets (standardized mean difference −0.11, 95% confidence interval −0.33 to 0.11, <i>P</i> = 0.32). As with glycemic control, there were no significant differences in the changes in weight loss, blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol between long-term LCD and control diets. However, long-term LCD were associated with greater elevation in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (standardized mean difference 0.22, 95% confidence interval 0.04–0.41; <i>P</i> = 0.02) and decrease in triglyceride (standardized mean difference −0.19; 95% confidence interval −0.37 to 0.02; <i>P</i> = 0.03) than that in control diets.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings suggest efficacy of long-term LCD in treating dyslipidemia in individuals with type 2 diabetes, but do not recommend long-term LCD for glycemic control in the individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 10","pages":"1410-1421"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141750663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sheffield One-Stop Service: A potential model to improve the screening uptake of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and other microvascular complications of diabetes","authors":"Gordon Sloan,&nbsp;Pepito Dela Pena,&nbsp;Aimee Andag-Silva,&nbsp;Elaine Cunanan,&nbsp;Cecilia Jimeno,&nbsp;Jeremy Jones Robles,&nbsp;Solomon Tesfaye","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14268","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14268","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The world is experiencing an enormous rise in the prevalence of diabetes, which is associated with massive healthcare costs that threaten to overwhelm many healthcare systems. Most of the diabetes expenditure is attributed to the management of chronic diabetes complications, including diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN)/diabetic foot complications, chronic kidney disease, sight-threatening retinopathy and cardiovascular diseases. Of these complications, the most overlooked is DPN. Most consultations around the world do not even involve taking off shoes and socks to carry out a foot examination, and even when carried out, the peripheral neurological examination using the 10-g monofilament diagnoses DPN when it is already at an advanced stage. Thus, all too often diabetes complications are diagnosed late, resulting in devastating outcomes, particularly in low- to middle-income countries. There is, therefore, an urgent need to instigate new strategies to improve microvascular screening uptake using a holistic protocol for annual diabetes health checks outside the busy diabetes clinic. One such approach, the Sheffield One-Stop Microvascular Screening Service, which involves modern point of care devices to diagnose DPN, has been shown to be feasible and effective, resulting in high uptake and early management of diabetes complications. This article outlines the advantages of this One-Stop Microvascular Screening Service and a plan to trial an adapted version of this service to a resource-limited country, the Philippines. If successful, this model has the potential for implementation in other countries around the world.</p>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 10","pages":"1355-1362"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141732993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the transition program at the University Hospital of Reims from 2015 to 2020","authors":"Sonia Chibane,&nbsp;Aurélie Berot,&nbsp;Céline Lukas-croisier,&nbsp;Laure Dollez,&nbsp;Sara Barraud,&nbsp;Brigitte Delemer,&nbsp;Géraldine Vitellius","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14263","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14263","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The transition of young type 1 diabetic (T1D) patients from pediatric to adult healthcare is a high-risk period of loss to follow-up. Since 2015, we have implemented a transition program, involving both pediatric and adult clinicians. The main objective was to evaluate the number of patients who had succeeded this transition program at 1 year. We found that 86% of patients underwent the complete transition program. However, adverse outcomes occurred in 19.1% of patients at 1 year but decreased to 2.9% after 3 years. In 63% of patients their HbA1c level had deteriorated 1 year after the transition day and this level stabilized at around 8% in the following 2 and 3 years. In patients who had improved HbA1c levels the body mass index was lower (<i>P</i> = 0.03) and they lived alone (<i>P</i> = 0.04). Although our program seemed to allow a better follow-up than previously described, this study highlights the importance of further supporting this transition period.</p>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 10","pages":"1519-1523"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141747046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Second-trimester triglyceride-glucose index to predict adverse outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A retrospective multicenter cohort study","authors":"Xueqi Bai,&nbsp;Qingyi Zhu,&nbsp;Wenli Wang,&nbsp;Sutong Kan,&nbsp;Shiman Hu,&nbsp;Runrun Hao,&nbsp;Shanshan Wang,&nbsp;Zhonghua Shi","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14269","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14269","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Women with gestational diabetes mellitus are at high risk for adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. The study aimed to evaluate the performance of the triglyceride-glucose index in predicting the risk of developing adverse outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective multicenter cohort study included 8,808 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus in two grade-A tertiary hospitals in China during 2018–2022. The triglyceride-glucose index was defined as ln [triglyceride (mg/dL) × fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)/2]. Significant adverse gestational diabetes mellitus outcomes were chosen by generalized linear models as the main outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression models evaluated their association with the triglyceride-glucose index. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves predicted adverse pregnancy outcomes. The prediction efficiency was validated in the sensitivity analysis dataset and validation cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The triglyceride-glucose index was associated with preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia, preterm birth, placenta accreta spectrum, and macrosomia before and after adjusting for confounding factors (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). The predictive performance of the triglyceride-glucose index was relatively moderate. Incorporating the triglyceride-glucose index into the baseline clinical risk model improved the area under curves for the diagnosis of preeclampsia (0.749 [0.714–0.784] vs 0.766 [0.734–0.798], <i>P</i> = 0.033) and macrosomia (0.664 [0.644–0.685] vs 0.676 [0.656–0.697], <i>P</i> = 0.002). These predictive models exhibited good calibration and robustness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The triglyceride-glucose index is positively associated with preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia, preterm birth, placenta accreta spectrum, and macrosomia and is useful for the early prediction and prevention of adverse outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 10","pages":"1489-1499"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141615421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel predictive model for optimizing diabetes screening in older adults","authors":"Yushuang Lin,&nbsp;Ya Shen,&nbsp;Rongbo He,&nbsp;Quan Wang,&nbsp;Hongbin Deng,&nbsp;Shujunyan Cheng,&nbsp;Yu Liu,&nbsp;Yimin Li,&nbsp;Xiang Lu,&nbsp;Zhengkai Shen","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14262","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14262","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The fasting blood glucose test is widely used for diabetes screening. However, it may fail to detect early-stage diabetes characterized by elevated postprandial glucose levels. Hence, we developed and internally validated a nomogram to predict the diabetes risk in older adults with normal fasting glucose levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study enrolled 2,235 older adults, dividing them into a Training Set (<i>n</i> = 1,564) and a Validation Set (<i>n</i> = 671) based on a 7:3 ratio. We employed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression to identify predictors for constructing the nomogram. Calibration and discrimination were employed to assess the nomogram's performance, while its clinical utility was evaluated through decision curve analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nine key variables were identified as significant factors: age, gender, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, the ratio of alanine aminotransferase to aspartate aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen, and hemoglobin. The nomogram demonstrated good discrimination, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.824 in the Training Set and 0.809 in the Validation Set. Calibration curves for both sets confirmed the model's accuracy in estimating the actual diabetes risk. Decision curve analysis highlighted the model's clinical utility.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We provided a dynamic nomogram for identifying older adults at risk of diabetes, potentially enhancing the efficiency of diabetes screening in primary healthcare units.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 10","pages":"1403-1409"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141578382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical lessons for diabetes treatment from the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Yoshiyuki Hamamoto","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14266","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14266","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;A high rate of severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) illness and mortality in people with diabetes was recognized from the early period of the pandemic. Indeed, many individuals with diabetes, especially older patients, feared leaving home even as the pandemic waned. While extreme caution may well have prevented some instances of infection, it also increased distress and disease stigma as well as physical inactivity in the effort to avoid contact with people who may be infected. Interruption of treatment can negatively impact clinical glycemic management and lead to the development of diabetic complications. Fear of infection also was a factor in the disruption of optimal management for patients with type 1 diabetes, many of whom are relatively young and for whom regular treatment with insulin is essential. Although Japan has a national health insurance program, all costs are not covered, and financial distress also impacted the maintenance of optimal diabetes care.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, although Japan has a robust health checkup system as well as a health insurance program, many individuals with diabetes nevertheless remain undiagnosed; Uchihara &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; report that patients hospitalized for COVID-19 infection, who are newly diagnosed with diabetes, progress to a critical condition at more than twice the rate of those already under diabetes management and show higher levels of HbA1c and inflammatory markers and require more oxygen. Moreover, it is especially difficult to manage glycemia in the early phase of COVID-19 treatment in such patients; steroid drugs, the recommended treatment for infection in cases of moderate to severe pneumonia, can exacerbate hyperglycemia. They also report that while both individuals with undiagnosed diabetes and those under treatment have worse COVID-19 outcomes including invasive mechanical ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support, intensive care unit admission, and transfer to another medical facility for more advanced care as well as in-hospital death when compared with those who do not have the disease, individuals with undiagnosed diabetes exhibit an acute glycemic deterioration upon COVID-19 infection that poses a substantial additional risk. Interestingly, only those individuals receiving treatment for diabetes who had poor glycemic management (HbA1c ≥8.0%) were found to have worse COVID-19 outcomes, indicating that it is hyperglycemia rather than diabetes itself that exacerbates COVID-19 outcomes&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. Moreover, during the first year of the pandemic, Okada &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; reported lower susceptibility to COVID-19 infection among individuals with diabetes who maintained optimal HbA1c management goals. Thus, the management of glycemia in diabetes on a routine basis not only mitigates the severity of COVID-19 infection should it occur, but also may reduce the infection rate.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the early summer of 2020, just after ","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 10","pages":"1363-1364"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141578383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A consensus statement from the Japan Diabetes Society: A proposed algorithm for pharmacotherapy in people with type 2 diabetes – 2nd edition (English version)","authors":"Ryotaro Bouchi,&nbsp;Tatsuya Kondo,&nbsp;Yasuharu Ohta,&nbsp;Atsushi Goto,&nbsp;Daisuke Tanaka,&nbsp;Hiroaki Satoh,&nbsp;Daisuke Yabe,&nbsp;Rimei Nishimura,&nbsp;Norio Harada,&nbsp;Hideki Kamiya,&nbsp;Ryo Suzuki,&nbsp;Toshimasa Yamauchi,&nbsp;JDS Committee on Consensus Statement Development","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14202","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14202","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This algorithm was issued for the appropriate use of drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Japan. The revisions include safety considerations, fatty liver disease as a comorbidity to be taken into account and the position of tirzepatide.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 9","pages":"1326-1342"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11363114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141578381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic variant profiling of neonatal diabetes mellitus in Iranian patients: Unveiling 58 distinct variants in 14 genes","authors":"Hamidreza Mianesaz,&nbsp;Safoura Ghalamkari,&nbsp;Farzaneh Abbasi,&nbsp;Maryam Razzaghy-Azar,&nbsp;Fatemeh Sayarifard,&nbsp;Rahim Vakili,&nbsp;Maryam Sedghi,&nbsp;Samaneh Noroozi Asl,&nbsp;Sousan Hosseini,&nbsp;Mahsa M Amoli,&nbsp;Hanieh Yaghootkar","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14254","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14254","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare non-immunological monogenic disorder characterized by hyperglycemic conditions primarily occurring within the first 6 months of life. The majority of cases are attributed to pathogenic variants in genes affecting beta-cell survival, insulin regulation, and secretion. This study aims to investigate the genetic landscape of NDM in Iran.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We recruited a total of 135 patients who were initially diagnosed with diabetes at &lt;12 months of age in Iran and referred to pediatric endocrinology clinics across the country. These patients underwent genetic diagnostic tests conducted by the Exeter Molecular Genetics Laboratory in the UK. The pathogenic variants identified were sorted and described based on type, pathogenicity (according to ACMG/AMP criteria), novelty, and the affected protein domain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Genetic defects were identified in 93 probands, presenting various pathogenic abnormalities associated with NDM and its associated syndromes. 76% of the patients were born as a result of consanguineous marriage, and a familial history of diabetes was found in 43% of the cases. A total of 58 distinct variants in 14 different genes were discovered, including 20 variants reported for the first time. Causative variants were most frequently identified in <i>EIF2AK3</i>, <i>KCNJ11</i>, and <i>ABCC8</i>, respectively. Notably, <i>EIF2AK3</i> and <i>ABCC8</i> exhibited the highest number of novel variants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings provide valuable insights into the genetic landscape of NDM in the Iranian population and contribute to the knowledge of novel pathogenic variants within known causative genes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 10","pages":"1390-1402"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141544215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}