Journal of Diabetes Investigation最新文献

{"title":"Causal association between cystatin C and diabetic retinopathy: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study","authors":"Yimeng Ruan,&nbsp;Ping Zhang,&nbsp;Xiangzhe Li,&nbsp;Xinru Jia,&nbsp;Dongwei Yao","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14273","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14273","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore the causal relationship between cystatin C levels and different stages of diabetic retinopathy through Mendelian randomization (MR).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit provided the Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data related to cystatin C (exposure). GWAS data for outcomes [DR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), severe non-proliferative background diabetic retinopathy (SNPBDR)] were sourced from the FinnGen. Adopted Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW), MR-Egger regression MR-PRESSO, Weighted Median, Constrained Maximum Likelihood and Model Averaging (cML-MA), Weighted model, Radial MR, and MR-Lasso to estimate the causal relationship between cystatin C and diabetic retinopathy. We conducted multivariable MR analysis to evaluate the independent causal effects of cystatin C levels on diabetic retinopathy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on the IVW method, we observed a causal relationship between cystatin C and diabetic retinopathy [odds ratio (OR)_{random effect} = 1.137, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.035–1.250]/PDR (OR_{random effect} = 1.123, 95%CI: 1.004–1.255)/SNPBDR (OR_{fixed effect} = 2.002, 95%CI: 1.343–2.986). Consistent findings were obtained through the cML-MA method. Cochran's <i>Q</i> test suggested the presence of heterogeneity between the cystatin C level and instrumental variables in relation to diabetic retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy, respectively. After adjusting for outliers using MR-PRESSO and Radial MR, it was observed that the statistical significance of the association between cystatin C level and diabetic retinopathy persists. Reverse MR analysis indicated that genetically related SNPBDR may influence the cystatin C level. In multivariable MR analysis, there were indications suggesting a causal relationship of cystatin C with the risk of DR/PDR/SNPBDR adjusting for confounders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study utilizes Mendelian randomization analyses to establish a causal relationship between cystatin C and diabetic retinopathy, and reveals the impact of cystatin C on the risk of diabetic retinopathy, thus providing new evidence for clinical intervention of diabetic retinopathy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 11","pages":"1626-1636"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.14273","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141970230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of adherence to oral antidiabetic drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Kansak Boonpattharatthiti,&nbsp;Pirune Na Songkla,&nbsp;Junpen Chantara,&nbsp;Chanchanok Koomsri,&nbsp;Ines Krass,&nbsp;Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk,&nbsp;Teerapon Dhippayom","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14285","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14285","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The treatment of type 2 diabetes requires multidimensional management, with medication adherence a crucial aspect of diabetes control. However, recent rigorous estimates of adherence to oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD) are lacking. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of adherence to OAD in type 2 diabetes patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL from July 2013 to April 2023. Cross-sectional studies published in English were included if they met the following criteria: (1) reported the adherence to OAD using a validated measure; and (2) had a sample size of at least 385 patients with type 2 diabetes. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal for studies reporting prevalence data was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Pooled estimates of the prevalence of adherence to OAD were calculated as a percentage together with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) using a random-effect model. All analyses were conducted using STATA 17.0; PROSPERO (CRD42023414264).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-six studies involving a total of 69,366 patients met the selection criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The overall estimated prevalence of adherence to OAD was 55.53% (95%CI: 44.22%–66.85%). Among the included studies, nine were deemed to be of high quality. A sensitivity analysis conducted using only the high-quality studies revealed a prevalence of adherence to OAD at 52.24% (95% CI: 39.63%–64.85%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The overall prevalence of adherence to OAD was remarkably low among type 2 diabetes patients worldwide. Healthcare practitioners and policy makers should employ appropriate approaches to improve adherence to OAD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 11","pages":"1614-1625"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.14285","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141915609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of older adults with diabetes mellitus: Perspective from geriatric medicine","authors":"Hiroyuki Umegaki","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14283","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14283","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Advances in diabetes medication and population aging are lengthening the lifespans of people with diabetes mellitus (DM). Older patients with diabetes mellitus often have multimorbidity and tend to have polypharmacy. In addition, diabetes mellitus is associated with frailty, functional decline, cognitive impairment, and geriatric syndrome. Although the numbers of patients with frailty, dementia, disability, and/or multimorbidity are increasing worldwide, the accumulated evidence on the safe and effective treatment of these populations remains insufficient. Older patients, especially those older than 75 years old, are often underrepresented in randomized controlled trials of various treatment effects, resulting in limited clinical evidence for this population. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the characteristics of older patients is essential to tailor management strategies to their needs. The clinical guidelines of several academic societies have begun to recognize the importance of relaxing glycemic control targets to prevent severe hypoglycemia and to maintain quality of life. However, glycemic control levels are thus far based on expert consensus rather than on robust clinical evidence. There is an urgent need for the personalized management of older adults with diabetes mellitus that considers their multimorbidity and function and strives to maintain a high quality of life through safe and effective medical treatment. Older adults with diabetes mellitus accompanied by frailty, functional decline, cognitive impairment, and multimorbidity require special management considerations and liaison with both carers and social resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 10","pages":"1347-1354"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442781/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141900294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Islet transplantation in Korea","authors":"Joonyub Lee,&nbsp;Kun-Ho Yoon","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14264","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14264","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by absolute insulin deficiency, which requires life-long insulin replacement. Exogenous multiple-daily insulin injections are most commonly prescribed for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. However, exogenous insulin supply often fails to cope with real-time changing life-log variables, such as activity, diet and stress, which results in recurrent hypo- and hyperglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Islet transplantation is an ideal method to treat patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, as it can restore the endogenous capacity of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. However, due to donor scarcity and technical barriers, only a limited number of islet transplantations have been carried out in Asia, including South Korea. Since 2013, our center has carried out two allogenic islet transplantations, with one case leading to near total insulin independence after one-to-one islet transplantation. Although the other patient failed to restore endogenous insulin production, there was a remarkable improvement in hypoglycemia. We speculate that islet transplantation remains an important and ideal treatment option for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus who suffer from recurrent severe hypoglycemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 9","pages":"1165-1170"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11363101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141892459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coexistence of high visceral fat area and sarcopenia is associated with atherosclerotic markers in old-old patients with diabetes: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Motoya Sato,&nbsp;Yoshiaki Tamura,&nbsp;Yuji Murao,&nbsp;Fumino Yorikawa,&nbsp;Yuu Katsumata,&nbsp;So Watanabe,&nbsp;Shugo Zen,&nbsp;Remi Kodera,&nbsp;Kazuhito Oba,&nbsp;Kenji Toyoshima,&nbsp;Yuko Chiba,&nbsp;Atsushi Araki","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14274","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14274","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate whether sarcopenic obesity is associated with the progression of atherosclerotic lesions in older patients with diabetes and to identify the obesity components of sarcopenic obesity that best reflect atherosclerosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In 118 inpatients aged ≥75 years with diabetes mellitus, sarcopenia defined as a low skeletal muscle mass and low grip strength was assessed, and sarcopenia coexisting with a high body-fat percentage or visceral fat area was defined as sarcopenic obesity. Correlations between the obesity components and atherosclerotic markers, including the carotid intima-media thickness, were analyzed; the intima-media thickness was analyzed in four groups with and without obesity and sarcopenia, and a multiple linear regression analysis adjusted for covariates was conducted to investigate whether sarcopenic obesity was independently associated with the intima-media thickness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The visceral fat area and intima-media thickness showed positive correlations in the overall patients (<i>P</i> = 0.032) and the sarcopenia (<i>P</i> = 0.016) group but showed no associations in participants without sarcopenia. The intima-media thickness in the group showing sarcopenia with a high visceral fat area was significantly higher than that in the control group (<i>P</i> = 0.012). Sarcopenic obesity defined by a high body-fat percentage and high visceral fat area was independently associated with the intima-media thickness even after adjusting for age, sex, and atherogenic risk factors. However, sarcopenic obesity defined by a high visceral fat area was more strongly associated with the intima-media thickness (β = 0.384, <i>P</i> = 0.002) than that defined by the high body-fat percentage (β = 0.237, <i>P</i> = 0.068).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sarcopenic obesity, especially that defined by visceral fat accumulation, reflected the risk of atherosclerotic lesion progression in older patients with diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 10","pages":"1510-1518"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141892458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of hematocrit levels on the accuracy of specific blood glucose meters: A hospital-based study","authors":"Huan Nguyen Pham,&nbsp;Phuc Nguyen Huu Pham,&nbsp;Hang Thi Phan,&nbsp;Long Thang Cao,&nbsp;Hau Thi Thu Thoi,&nbsp;Tuyen Dang Thanh Do,&nbsp;Tuyet Thi Anh Truong","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14276","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14276","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Blood glucose meters are commonly used at the bedside, but most of the meters used in Hung Vuong Hospital (Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam) are built for self-monitoring and might not be suitable for determining glucose levels in patients. In this study, we aimed to validate the performance of six frequently used meters in our hospital using the Clinical &amp; Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) standard, and investigate the hematocrit impact on the accuracy of these meters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 135 pregnant women who underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test consented to participate in the study at Hung Vuong Hospital. Whole blood glucose levels were measured in duplicate using meters, and hematocrit levels were measured using an Alinity h-series analyzer. Within 5 min, plasma glucose levels were measured twice in a row using the Cobas c502 reference analyzer. For accuracy and precision, the hematocrit effect was assed using CLSI POCT12-A3.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Out of six evaluated meters, three meters qualified. For CLSI criterion at glucose concentration of 5.55 mmol/L, Accu-Chek Inform II, Accu-Chek Performa and OneTouch VerioVue achieved 97.31%, 98.08% and 99.62%, respectively. For CLSI criterion at 4.17 mmol/L, these three achieved 100%. Accu-Chek Inform II and Accu-Chek Performa showed an inverse correlation between glucose level and hematocrit with slopes of −0.500 (95% confidence interval −0.678 to −0.322) and −0.396 (95% confidence interval −0.569 to −0.224), whereas OneTouch VerioVue was not affected by hematocrit, with a slope of 0.207 (95% confidence interval −0.026 to 0.440).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Blood glucose meters' measurements can be affected by hematocrit, and might provide readings not within an acceptable bias. Medical organizations need to verify or validate before using on patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 10","pages":"1472-1482"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141858449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk stratification for cardiovascular disease based on prior coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Momoko Oe,&nbsp;Kazuya Fujihara,&nbsp;Mayuko Harada Yamada,&nbsp;Taeko Osawa,&nbsp;Masaru Kitazawa,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Matsubayashi,&nbsp;Takaaki Sato,&nbsp;Yuta Yaguchi,&nbsp;Midori Iwanaga,&nbsp;Takaho Yamada,&nbsp;Hirohito Sone","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14277","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14277","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>History of coronary artery disease (CAD), cerebrovascular disease (CeVD), type 2 diabetes and their combined effect on cardiovascular disease are essential for cardiovascular risk management. We investigated the association of prior CAD, prior CeVD, type 2 diabetes and their combination with the risk of cardiovascular disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is a historical cohort study including 342,033 participants (aged 18–72 years) followed up for ≥5 years between 2008 and 2016. Participants were classified into eight groups (with or without prior CAD, prior CeVD and type 2 diabetes). Type 2 Diabetes was defined by fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels, and antidiabetic drug prescription. Prior and subsequent CAD and CeVD were identified according to claims using International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision codes, medical procedures and questionnaires. Cox regression models were used to evaluate the risk of cardiovascular events.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The median follow-up period was 6.4 years. The incidence of composite cardiovascular events of CAD and CeVD in the CAD−/CeVD−, CAD+/CeVD−, CAD−/CeVD+ and CAD+/CeVD+ groups were 1.92 and 6.94, 25.14 and 31.98 per 1,000 person-years in non-diabetes participants, and 8.66, 18.04, 39.98 and 60.72 in type 2 diabetes patients, respectively. Hazard ratios of cardiovascular events compared with CAD−/CeVD−/non-diabetes were 1.66 (95% confidence interval 1.55–1.78) in CAD−/CeVD−/type 2 diabetes and 1.84 (1.56–2.18) in CAD+/CeVD−/non-diabetes. CeVD+ was linked to a 4-7-fold increase in the risk of cardiovascular events regardless of CAD+ or type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Type 2 diabetes increased the risk of cardiovascular disease as high as a history of CAD, whereas prior CeVD alone increased the risk of future CeVD without additional effects by type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 10","pages":"1464-1471"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141858451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetic striatopathy: Hyperglycemic chorea/ballism successfully treated with L-dopa","authors":"Ryo Tsukaguchi,&nbsp;Masashi Hasebe,&nbsp;Kimitaka Shibue,&nbsp;Akihiro Hamasaki","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14261","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14261","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diabetic striatopathy, a rare hyperglycemia complication, is characterized by chorea/ballism and striatal anomalies on neuroimaging, usually managed with glycemic control and haloperidol. However, practical strategies for haloperidol-resistant cases are scarce. We describe a 76-year-old Japanese woman with diabetic striatopathy who initially presented with polydipsia, polyuria, and lower-extremity weakness. Despite pronounced hyperglycemia (725 mg/dL), her blood glucose levels were reduced through saline infusion and intravenous insulin. Subsequently, she developed whole-body ballism concomitant with striatal hyperintensity on T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, which initially responded to haloperidol. Upon discontinuation of haloperidol, her symptoms relapsed and did not improve with the reintroduction of haloperidol. Dopamine transporter single photon emission computed tomography revealed diminished bilateral striatal uptake, suggesting presynaptic dopaminergic dysfunction. This finding prompted the initiation of L-dopa, which significantly improved her symptoms. This case underlines the need to consider presynaptic dopaminergic dysfunction in diabetic striatopathy patients unresponsive to standard treatments, highlighting the effectiveness of L-dopa in such scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 10","pages":"1524-1527"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141873689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the altered expression of miR-486-5p and miR-novel-chr1_40444 in dysglycemia in a South African population","authors":"Cecil J Weale,&nbsp;Chanelle Schroeder,&nbsp;Don M Matshazi,&nbsp;Saarah FG Davids,&nbsp;Rajiv T Erasmus,&nbsp;Andre P Kengne,&nbsp;Glenda M Davison,&nbsp;Tandi E Matsha","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14278","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14278","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to investigate miR-486-5p and miR-novel-chr1_40444 expressions in dysglycemic individuals. Validating RNA-sequencing findings in a larger sample via reverse transcription qPCR (RT-qPCR), we aim to address global diagnostic and screening limitations, using an African cohort as an example.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study involved 1,271 individuals [normoglycemic (<i>n</i> = 974), prediabetic (<i>n</i> = 206), screen-detected type 2 diabetes (<i>n</i> = 91)] from the ongoing Vascular and Metabolic Health (VMH) study in Cape Town, South Africa. Whole blood miRNA expression was assessed using TaqMan-based RT-qPCR, with data normalized to an endogenous control (miR-16-5p).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant underexpression was observed in prediabetes vs normoglycemia for miR-486-5p (<i>P</i> = 0.038), whilst both miRNAs demonstrated significant upregulation in screen-detected type 2 diabetes vs normoglycemia (miR-486-5p, <i>P</i> = 0.009; miR-novel-chr1_40444, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), and screen-detected type 2 diabetes in comparison with prediabetes (miR-486-5p, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001; miR-novel-chr1_40444, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). Multivariable regression analyses revealed pronounced interrelations between miR-novel-chr1_40444 and screen-detected type 2 diabetes in unadjusted and adjusted models (Model 1: <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001, Model 2: <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001, Model 3: <i>P</i> = 0.030). Moreover, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves revealed significantly enhanced diagnostic capabilities for screen-detected type 2 diabetes vs either normoglycemia (AUC = 0.971, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), non-diabetes (AUC = 0.959, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), or prediabetes (AUC = 0.902, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) when combining the miRNAs with 2 h postprandial glucose.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study demonstrated the enhanced power of incorporating miRNAs with traditional markers in distinguishing screen-detected type 2 diabetes, warranting further investigations on their unique role in the development of type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 10","pages":"1377-1389"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141858450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor use with insulin secretory capacity in patients with type 2 diabetes","authors":"Atsushi Kitamura,&nbsp;Masafumi Kurajoh,&nbsp;Yuya Miki,&nbsp;Yoshinori Kakutani,&nbsp;Yuko Yamazaki,&nbsp;Akinobu Ochi,&nbsp;Tomoaki Morioka,&nbsp;Katsuhito Mori,&nbsp;Tetsuo Shoji,&nbsp;Masanori Emoto","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14279","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14279","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) inhibitor treatment, which reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and increases adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, has been reported to improve glycemic control. The possible protective effects of XOR inhibitor treatment on insulin secretory capacity were investigated in patients with type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective cross-sectional study included 428 patients with type 2 diabetes. Insulin secretory capacity was assessed based on fasting serum C-peptide concentration (CPR) and C-peptide index (CPI) in all subjects, while insulin resistance in non-insulin users (<i>n</i> = 312) was determined using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Median values for CPR and CPI in all subjects were 2.4 ng/mL and 1.5, respectively, while that for HOMA-IR in non-insulin users was 3.2. The XOR inhibitor users (<i>n</i> = 72) had significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) higher CPR and CPI levels than non-users (<i>n</i> = 356). Multivariable regression analyses showed XOR inhibitor use was positively associated with CPR (β = 0.153, <i>P</i> = 0.001) and CPI (β = 0.144, <i>P</i> = 0.001). Similar results were observed in propensity score analyses. In subgroup analyses of patients with a preserved estimated glomerular filtration rate (≥60 mL/min/1.73 m²) and non-insulin users, these associations remained significant. Furthermore, the associations were significant in patients with lower (≤6.0 mg/dL) but not with higher (&gt;6.0 mg/dL) uric acid levels (<i>P</i> for interaction &lt;0.05). On the other hand, XOR inhibitor use showed no significant association with HOMA-IR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results of XOR inhibitor treatment, especially a sufficient reduction in serum uric acid level, may provide protective effects on insulin secretory capacity in patients with type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 10","pages":"1500-1509"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141791393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}